丝瓜络多糖提取工艺的研究

建立超声波提取丝瓜络多糖的最佳提取工艺。先考察了不同浸提时间、浸提温度、料液比对丝瓜络多糖提取率的影响,然后利用正交试验,优化丝瓜络多糖的提取工艺,并对结果进行方差分析。结果表明,影响丝瓜络多糖提取的因素主要顺序分别为浸提时间＞浸提温度＞料液比。本实验得出的最佳的丝瓜络多糖提取的工艺参数为：浸提时间为60 min,浸提温度为50℃,料液比为1：40,丝瓜络多糖含量达到30.80％。     

Stabilizing and destabilizing effects of drug-excipient interactions in spray-dried,freeze-dried,and granulated Sennae fructus extracts

Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare spray-dried and freeze-dried extracts of Sennae fructus regarding the stability of the sennosides. Therefore, the influence of the addition of maltodextrin (MD) not only before the drying processes but also during fluidized bed granulation was investigated. Analysis of the hygroscopicities, the simultaneous TGA-DSC-MS data, and the influence of storage revealed that spray-dried extracts are more stable than freeze-dried extracts. The addition of MD led to an even better stability of the extracts. Lower amounts of MD are sufficient if applied onto the surface of the native extract during fluidized bed granulation.     

几种中药浸提物的抗氧化活性研究

研究了山楂、白蒺藜及枸杞乙醇和水浸提物在卵黄脂蛋白不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)过氧体系中的抗氧化活性,并比较了几种浸提物对OH·自由基和O·-自由基的清除能力,结果表明:3种中药在PUFA体系具有不同的抗氧化能力;山楂和白蒺藜具有一定的清除OH·的能力;3种中药均具有较强的清除O·-的能力。     

山慈菇多糖的免疫调节作用及对小鼠骨肉瘤细胞S180体内生长抑制作用

目的：探讨山慈菇多糖的免疫调节作用及对小鼠骨肉瘤细胞S180的抑制作用。方法：噻唑蓝法及吞噬中 性红法测定小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖能力及脾巨噬细胞活性;体内肿瘤抑制实验检测山慈菇多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠肿瘤 生长、脾脏指数和胸腺指数的影响;流式细胞术及酶联免疫吸附测定法检测山慈菇多糖对S180荷瘤小鼠T淋巴细胞 亚群及血清细胞因子水平的影响。结果：山慈菇多糖可以增强淋巴细胞增殖能力和巨噬细胞活性;同时,山慈菇多 糖也可以抑制S180荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长,增加小鼠脾脏指数和胸腺指数;此外,山慈菇多糖还可以增加荷瘤小鼠CD4 ＋、CD8＋ T细胞浓度,提高CD4＋/CD8＋比值及白细胞介素-2、肿瘤坏死因子-α、干扰素-γ水平。结论：山慈菇 多糖具有明显的肿瘤抑制作用,其对肿瘤细胞生长的抑制作用与提高免疫能力有关。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定沙枣果实中5种酚类化合物

建立了高效液相色谱法检测沙枣果实中绿原酸、咖啡酸、香豆酸、肉桂酸和阿魏酸等5种酚类物质的方法。样品用乙腈超声提取,色谱柱为HypersilODS100mm×4.6mm（i.d）,5μm柱;流动相为乙腈和磷酸缓冲液（0.6%）,梯度洗脱;流速为1mL/min;检测波长为323nm和280nm;进样量为10μL。5种组分在一定范围内有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.991～0.997,平均回收率为93.3%～98.1%,相对标准偏差为3.1%～7.4%（n=6）。结果表明：沙枣果实中绿原酸、咖啡酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸和肉桂酸的含量分别为0.472、0.373、0.425、0.529、0.381mg/kg。     

HS/LPME-GC/MS法测定乌梅中的挥发性成分

采用顶空液相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用法(HS/LPME-GC/MS)分离鉴定乌梅中的主要挥发性成分。此方法具有操作简便、测试快速便捷等优点,可应用于乌梅等中药的挥发性成分的测定。     

红蓼果实有效成分的指纹图谱研究

对红蓼果实水红花子的黄酮类成分进行研究,采用HPLC色谱法对分布于我国9个地区的水红花子的有效部位槲皮素进行指纹图谱研究,色谱条件:DiamonsilTMC18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.2%磷酸水溶液梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长为310 nm。结果表明9个不同产地药材的指纹图谱具有较好的相似度,因此可为水红花子的资源品质评价提供一定的科学依据。     

Factors influencing the properties and the stability of spray-dried Sennae fructus extracts

Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize the properties of aqueous Sennae fructus extracts prepared by spray-drying at varying process conditions.

Significance: From an industrial point of view it is essential to develop a formulation which has a constant quality over the whole period of its specified shelf-life.

Method: Sennae fructus extracts were spray-dried with different atomizing gas pressures, pump feed rates, and inlet temperatures. The extracts were analyzed for their physical properties and stored at accelerated conditions. Sennoside degradation was monitored by HPLC analysis.

Results: An increase of the atomizing gas pressure had the most pronounced influence on the decrease of moisture content and particle size. An increase of the inlet temperature led to a decrease of moisture content and particle density, as well as an increase of smooth particle amount. An increase in the pump feed rate, increased the moisture content and resulted in stable hollow spheres. The different conditions also led to smooth or wrinkled particle surfaces, and to golfball, donut, and shard particle shapes. The chemical stability of the sennosides differed from each other after storage. Stability-reducing factors were the moisture content of the samples and their hygroscopicities, as well as different particle morphologies. These factors were influenced by the inlet temperature of the spray-drying process. High inlet temperatures led to a positive influence on dryness and particle morphology and therefore on the stability of the sennosides.

Conclusions: Variation of the process conditions affected the resulting particle properties and their storage stability of Sennae fructus extract.     

槐角多糖抗氧化活性研究

槐角通过超声-复合酶解法水解醇沉得到粗糖,经Sevage试剂纯化得到槐角多糖(sophorae fructus polysaccharides,SFP),再通过DEAE-52纤维素柱分离纯化得次级多糖SFP-1、SFP-2。以槐角多糖SFP、SFP-1及SFP-2为试验材料,采用自由基评定法,对ABTS+自由基、DPPH自由基、超氧阴离子自由基、羟基自由基进行抗氧化研究,并探究它们对DNA损伤的抑制作用。结果表明,槐角多糖及分离纯化组分(SFP、SFP-1、SFP-2)对4种自由基的抗氧化活性均呈量效关系。在浓度6.4 mg/mL时,对ABTS+自由基清除率均高于99.73%,对DPPH自由基清除率可达到87.05%,对超氧阴离子自由基清除率可达到50.92%,对羟基自由基清除率最高为96.54%,并有抑制DNA开链、解环作用。槐角多糖有较好的抗氧化作用,具有一定的开发价值。