木瓜酒发酵特性的研究

对宣木瓜酒主发酵条件采用了正交实验法进行优化.实验结果表明,最佳发酵条件为主含糖量15%、酵母接种量10%、发酵温度25℃、硫酸铵浓度为1000 mg/L;该条件下出酒率为66.3%,酒精度为7.6%vol;宣木瓜酒发酵过程中主要成分含量的变化结果表明,主发酵前维生素C为95.2 mg/100g、总黄酮16.3 mg/100 g、齐墩果酸135 mg/100g.在主发酵结束时维生素C为81.3 mg/100 g、总黄酮15.9mg/100 g、齐墩果酸132 mg/100g.后发酵结束时维生素C含量为47.5 mg/100 g、总黄酮14.8 mg/100 g、齐墩果酸130 mg/100 g.发酵过程中总黄酮、维生素C、齐墩果酸含量明显下降,但相对含量仍很高.     

野木瓜果醋的澄清研究

该文以壳聚糖、硅藻土、果胶酶、琼脂、明胶-单宁作为澄清剂对野木瓜果醋进行澄清处理,并对不同澄清剂处理的野木瓜果醋澄清效果进行对比.实验结果表明,当加入3%(v/v)的明胶-单宁澄清后的野木瓜果醋透光率达89.10%,比未添加澄清剂的野木瓜果醋透光率增加了14.34%,起到了较好的澄清作用.     

沂州木瓜酒酿造工艺技术研究

以临沂特产沂州木瓜为原料,采用四因素三水平L9(34)正交试验,试验不同糖含量、酵母量、发酵温度及pH值对木瓜酒酿造品质的影响。试验最佳酿造工艺为:含糖量26%,酵母量1.5%,发酵温度28℃,pH3.5,主发酵时间7d,酿制的木瓜酒质量最佳。结果显示,木瓜浆糖含量和酵母量对酿酒品质有较明显影响。     

超声波辅助提取光皮木瓜多糖及其体外抗氧化性研究

通过单因素以及正交试验研究超声波辅助提取光皮木瓜多糖的最佳工艺及其体外抗氧化性。结果表明：超声波辅助提取光皮木瓜多糖的最佳提取条件为料液比1:45(g/mL)、提取温度80℃、提取时间40min,超声波功率600W,在此条件下多糖的提取率为12.072%。光皮木瓜多糖对NO2、DPPH·以及·OH 清除作用明显,具有较好的还原力,表明光皮木瓜多糖有较好的抗氧化活性。     

火焰原子吸收法测定木瓜中的铜、锰、钙、镁

本文利用原子吸收分光光度法测定木瓜中的铜、锰、钙、镁含量。木瓜经过硝酸 ,高氯酸处理后 ,用原子吸收法测定 ,方法简单 ,快速 ,结果较为满意     

云南酸木瓜风味果醋的研制

以云南酸木瓜为主要原料,添加普洱茶汤及新鲜咖啡汁进行液态发酵,酿制酸木瓜复合风味果醋。通过对可溶性固形物含量和总酸度的测定以及感官评分验证了试验的可行性,并在此基础上进行正交试验,确定了云南酸木瓜风味果醋的最佳配比:以酸木瓜为底料,添加普洱茶汤25%、新鲜咖啡汁10%、白砂糖19.5%。     

Associations between Oil Yield and Profile of Fatty Acids,Sterols, Squalene,Carotenoids, and Tocopherols in Seed Oil of Selected Japanese Quince Genotypes during Fruit Development

Tocopherols, phytosterols, carotenoids, and squalene are present in mature seeds of Japanese quince. Yet, little is known about the relationship between these compounds and oil yield during fruit and seed development. The profile change of lipophilic compounds during fruit and seed development in Japanese quince cultivars “Darius,” “Rondo,” and “Rasa” is investigated. It is shown here that during fruit and seed development, there is a significant reduction, three‐ to over tenfold, in the concentration of minor bioactive compounds in seed oil. It is recorded that delay between synthesis of tocopherols and oil in Japanese quince seeds during the fruit development results in a logarithmic relationship between the oil content and tocopherols concentration in the seed oil (R² = 0.980). Similar trends are observed between oil yield and phytosterols, and carotenoids (R² = 0.927 and R² = 0.959, respectively). The profile of fatty acids during the development of the seeds significantly is changed. The reduction of linoleic, palmitic, and gondoic acids levels and increment of oleic acid is noted. The oil content, profile of fatty acids, and concentration of bioactive compounds in all three genotypes of Japanese quince do not change significantly statistically during the last month of fruit development. Practical Applications: Some fruits are harvested at different degrees of maturity mainly due to a logistic issue and uneven ripening of fruits, which affects the chemical composition of whole fruit including seeds. Therefore, it would be good to know how the chemical composition is changing in plant material during development especially in the last month before harvest. Production of Japanese quince continues to rise year to year and with it the volume of generated by‐products such as seeds. This study demonstrates how it changes the oil content, profile of fatty acid, and concentration of tocopherols, squalene, phytosterols, and carotenoids in the seeds and seed oil of three Japanese quince cultivars “Rondo,” “Darius,” and “Rasa” during plant development. The provided information can be very useful for the manufactories oriented on the processing of by‐products, mainly seeds, generated by other branches of industry, for instance, fruit‐processing.     

皱皮木瓜腐败微生物的分离鉴定

为探明皱皮木瓜贮藏保鲜过程中腐败变质的原因,采用组织分离法对引起皱皮木瓜腐败的微生物进行分离纯化,初步分离出2株细菌和6株霉菌,未分离出酵母菌.回接实验结果表明共有2株细菌、3株霉菌能引起皱皮木瓜腐败.通过形态学及分子生物学对5株腐败微生物进行鉴定,结果表明:2株细菌分别为巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megater...     

木瓜发酵液对非酒精性脂肪性肝病小鼠肝脏脂质代谢及AMPK/SIRT1通路的影响

目的:观察木瓜发酵液对高糖高脂饲料诱导的非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）小鼠脂质代谢及AMP激活蛋白酶（AMPK）/沉默信息调节因子1（SIRT1）通路的调控机制。方法:取雄性昆明小鼠32只,随机分为4组,即正常组、模型组、木瓜发酵液高（10 m L/kg）和低剂量组（5 m L/kg）,每组8只。三周后,收集小鼠血液及组织样本。用试剂盒检测血清ALT、肝组织甘油三酯（TG）含量,分别用RT-PCR和Western Bloting检测p-AMPK和SIRT1基因的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果:与正常组比较,模型组小鼠病理证实肝组织脂质蓄积严重,血清ALT和肝脏TG水平明显升高（p<0.05）,肝组织SIRT1、Fox O1和p-AMPK mRNA及蛋白表达均显著降低（p<0.05）。与模型组比较,木瓜发酵液明显改善肝组织脂质蓄积,肝组织TG含量明显下降（p<0.05）,肝组织SIRT1、Fox O1 mRNA和SIRT1、p-AMPK蛋白表达均显著上调（p<0.05）,其中木瓜发酵液高剂量组较低剂量组效果好,但二者比较差异无统计学意义。结论:木瓜发酵液能够改善高糖高脂饮食诱导的NAFLD小鼠脂肪代谢紊乱,减轻肝脏脂质蓄积,其作用机制可能与肝细胞内AMPK/SIRT1通路的激活有关。      

野木瓜水溶性多糖的分离纯化及抗补体活性研究

采用水提醇沉工艺获得了水溶性野木瓜粗多糖(CCP),经过Sevag法脱蛋白,大孔树脂脱色及透析,得到野木瓜精多糖,再经DEAE-纤维素和Sepharose Cl-6B柱层析,从野木瓜中分离得到多糖组分CCP1,经过高效凝胶渗透色谱法(HPGPC)鉴定为均一组分,测定其相对分子量(MW)为2.879 ×106D.高效液相法测定CCP1的单糖组成为:鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、果糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖,其摩尔比为0.034:0.228:0.045:0.055:0.638.补体结合实验表明,多糖CCP1在体外具有一定抗补体活性,并呈一定的剂量效应关系.