凸非球面补偿检验的工艺球面分析解

本文从三级像差理论出发,推导了几种工艺球面检验凸二次曲面的计算公式。根据这些公式计算结果,进行了光路追迹,给出了这些公式对凸二次曲面的补偿范围;并讨论了几种特殊情况下的平面解。     

General Spectral Camera Lens Simulation

We present a camera lens simulation model capable of producing advanced photographic phenomena in a general spectral Monte Carlo image rendering system. Our approach incorporates insights from geometrical diffraction theory, from optical engineering and from glass science. We show how to efficiently simulate all five monochromatic aberrations, spherical and coma aberration, astigmatism, field curvature and distortion. We also consider chromatic aberration, lateral colour and aperture diffraction. The inclusion of Fresnel reflection generates correct lens flares and we present an optimized sampling method for path generation.     

The influence of specimen refractive index,detector signal integration,and non-uniform scan speed on the imaging properties in confocal microscopy

Refraction of light in a specimen volume may cause aberrations that influence the imaging properties in confocal microscopy. In this paper the influence on three-dimensional resolution and geometry is experimentally investigated for a uniform specimen volume. It is found that the depth resolution is more severely affected than the lateral resolution. This is unfortunate, because even under ideal conditions the depth resolution is lower than the lateral resolution. Lateral image geometry is little affected by the specimen refractive index, whereas the depth scale can be considerably elongated or compressed. The influence of a finite detector integration time is also considered. This can give a noticeable, but not particularly severe effect on the image resolution in the line-scan direction. Because the integration time can be accurately controlled, a shorter integration time can be used when maximum resolution is essential, albeit at the price of a higher noise level. In scanning fluorescence microscopy a non-uniform scan speed may give large variations in bleaching over the specimen surface. Experiments illustrate how serious such non-uniform bleaching effects can be when a specimen area is repeatedly scanned, for example when recording optical serial sections.     

人眼波前畸变的实时动态校正

以自适应光学技术为基础塔建了高分辨视网膜成像系统.利用微变形反射镜(DMs)作为波前校正器件,将镜面的形貌、波前及镜面的响应函数表示为泽尼克Zernike多项式的线性组合,利用直接迭代算法及控制电压矩阵改变镜面形貌,从而实现对眼睛波前畸变的适时校正.校正后残余误差的平方根值小于λ/7,接近衍射的极限分辨率.实验表明此闭环系统带宽小于5 Hz,能校正多数情况下眼睛的动态波前畸变,能对眼科医学的诊断提供一定的帮助.     

像差对星间激光通信系统高精度对准的影响向

为了减小ATP系统的像差对对准的影响,达到提高系统的对准精度的目的,文中以星间ATP系统中的高精度对准平台为基础,分析了激光器处于轴外发射状态时需要考虑的两个位置偏移量(离轴参量h/s和偏移参量ra),提出激光器的位置状态会对像差有着一定的影响.并通过数值仿真,分别分析了在存在激光器位置偏移量时各种像差对对准精度的影响情况.结果表明激光器发射的状态明显影响着像差对对准的影响程度,适当调节激光器发射状态有利于减小像差对对准精度的影响,进而提高对准精度.     

Corneal erosions in contact lens wear

Contact lens wear continues to be the highest single risk factor for microbial keratitis, particularly when worn in the extended wear modality. For microbial keratitis to occur, the presence of at least a bacterial load as well as a break in the corneal surface is required. One such break occurs in the case of a corneal erosion. These well-circumscribed areas of full thickness epithelial loss can occur both with and without contact lens wear, however the risk of infection is greater in the presence of a lens due to its capacity to provide a vector for the entry of bacterial pathogens. While erosions in non-contact lens wearers are thought to result from defective epithelial basement membrane anchoring, the underlying causes during contact lens wear are yet unknown. This article sets out to review corneal erosions associated with contact lens wear, their associated risk factors such as extended wear, the mechanisms that may be responsible for their formation and the factors that differentiate them from other contact lens related adverse events. Appropriate diagnosis and understanding of the relevant pathophysiology is important to the effective treatment and an understanding of the aetiological factors responsible for erosions is critical to the development of preventative strategies and effective clinical care.     

Synthesis of a Kind of Temperature-responsive Cell Culture Surface for Corneal Sheet

In this study,acrylic acid(AA) and 4-azidoaniline were used to modify poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(NIPAAm) in order to fabricate temperature-responsive surface for corneal epithelia cell adhesion and detachment.First,NIPAAm was copolymerized with acrylic acid.Then,the copolymer was coupled with azidoaniline to synthesize AzPhPIA,derivative of p(NIPAAm-co-AA),which possesses both thermo-and photo-sensitivities.Second,the synthesized copolymer was characterized by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),F...     

非球面角膜模型在矫正设备中的实现

在分析国内外人眼角膜的数学模型基础上,分析研究几种常见的准分子模型,提出一种新型的切削模型.开发了对应的程序,在准分子激光人眼像差矫正系统上进行实验,分析研究所得的实验数据,表明理论模型可以有效地防止手术的回退.对于临床应用,具有重要的实践指导意义.     

Factors associated with patient-reported midday fogging in established scleral lens wearers

PurposeTo estimate the prevalence of patient-reported midday fogging and to identify risk factors for midday fogging.MethodA multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted with an electronic survey that was distributed to scleral lens practitioners. The survey asked them to describe their most recently examined established scleral lens patient. Respondents provided data about patient-reported midday fogging, patient demographic characteristics, indication for lens wear, lens-wearing schedule, lens design, and care products.ResultsOf the 248 survey respondents who indicated whether their patients had midday fogging, 64 (25.8 %) had patients who self-reported such issues. Midday fogging was not associated with demographic characteristics (age, sex, race/ethnicity), indications for scleral lens wear, mean lens diameter (P = .30), haptic design (P = .29), use of a daily cleaner (P = .12), disinfection/storage solution used (P = .71), or filling solution (P = .65). Patients who reported midday fogging more commonly reported redness or irritation associated with scleral lens wear compared with those who did not experience midday fogging (P = .03).ConclusionsPrevalence of midday fogging in this study was similar to previously reported rates. No specific lens design or care product was associated with patient-reported midday fogging. If inflammatory mediators are elevated in the postlens fluid reservoir of patients with midday fogging, as previously described, the redness or irritation associated with scleral lens wear suggests that ocular surface inflammation may be contributing to this phenomenon.     

Reducing treatment zone diameter in orthokeratology and its effect on peripheral ocular refraction

PurposeTo determine whether orthokeratology (OK) induced treatment zone (TZ) diameter can be reduced by altering OK lens design, and if so the impact of modifying TZ diameter on relative peripheral refraction (RPR).Methods16 subjects (mean age 23.4 ± 1.5 years; 8 female) completed the study. Standard (Control) OK lens design (PJ, Capricornia, Australia) or a modified version (Test) where the back optic zone diameter was reduced, and back optic zone asphericity and intermediate lens curves were altered, were worn overnight only for 7-nights in a randomised double masked order, with a minimum 1-week wash out (no lens wear) between lens designs. Full correction of refractive error was targeted. Refraction; best corrected visual acuity (BCVA); RPR (Shin-Nippon NVision-k 5001) along the horizontal and vertical meridians; and corneal topography (Medmont E300) were measured before starting lens wear and in the morning after lens removal after the seventh night of lens wear for both lens designs. TZ diameter and decentration was calculated from corneal topography.ResultsAfter 7-nights of wear both lens designs created -2.00D refraction effect with no significant difference in refractive effect or change to BCVA between the designs. The Test design created a significantly smaller horizontal (4.78 ± 0.37 vs 5.70 ± 0.37 mm, p < 0.001) and vertical (5.09 ± 0.51 vs 5.92 ± 0.51 mm p < 0.001) TZ diameter. The TZ was decentered inferior temporal with no significant difference between designs. There was no significant difference between the lens designs in RPR along the horizontal and vertical meridians at any measurement period.ConclusionsOK induced TZ diameter can be reliably reduced by altering OK lens design without detrimentally effecting lens centration or refractive effect. Reducing TZ diameter did not alter RPR, though measurement artifacts could be responsible for masking an effect. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess whether smaller TZ OK lens designs increase efficacy for slowing progression of myopia.