Discrete Modeling and Suggested Measurement of Heat Transfer in Gas-Solids Flows

This article presents a two-dimensional transient model for gas-solids flow and heat transfer through pipes using the coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics and Discrete Element Method approach. Numerical simulations have been conducted to examine the modification of fluid thermal structure due to the presence of particles in a pneumatic transport pipeline. Modeled results have demonstrated the key role of transversal motion of rebounding particles in the pipe cross section in altering fluid temperature. Further implementation of this modeling technique in air-drying processes is discussed and possible experimental methods for the measurement of in situ particle and fluid motion and temperature profile are cited.     

ARCGIS环境下基于DEM的流域特征提取

研究选取位于陕西省延安城南12 km处的万花乡向阳沟小流域。采用1∶10000大比例尺的比例尺5 m分辨率的DEM作为基本的地形数据,应用ESR I公司开发的ARCG IS地理信息系统软件进行流域特征的提取。经分析得到了研究区域河网特征以及研究区其它常用的流域特征信息,与实际河流水系特征基本吻合,认为应用DEM划分的流域结果是合理的。     

An empirical InSAR-optical fusion approach to mapping vegetation canopy height

Exploiting synergies afforded by a host of recently available national-scale data sets derived from interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) and passive optical remote sensing, this paper describes the development of a novel empirical approach for the provision of regional- to continental-scale estimates of vegetation canopy height. Supported by data from the 2000 Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), the National Elevation Dataset (NED), the LANDFIRE project, and the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2001, this paper describes a data fusion and modeling strategy for developing the first-ever high-resolution map of canopy height for the conterminous U.S. The approach was tested as part of a prototype study spanning some 62,000 km² in central Utah (NLCD mapping zone 16). A mapping strategy based on object-oriented image analysis and tree-based regression techniques is employed. Empirical model development is driven by a database of height metrics obtained from an extensive field plot network administered by the USDA Forest Service-Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program. Based on data from 508 FIA field plots, an average absolute height error of 2.1 m (r = 0.88) was achieved for the prototype mapping zone.     

Flood Inundation Modelling for Mid‐Lower Brisbane Estuary

This study utilizes a two‐dimensional hydrodynamic model to calibrate and validate an inundation model for the Brisbane River estuary in Queensland, Australia. The bathymetry data used in the hydraulic model are derived from one arc second (1 s) shuttle radar topography mission digital elevation model, and the two‐dimensional hydraulic model is parameterized using the generated bathymetry with four open boundaries with water level observations and roughness coefficients. The calibration performance is evaluated by comparing the simulated results with the digitized records during the January 2013 flood event (a low magnitude event) at three gauging stations. The calibrated model is validated with water level data and available discharge data during the January 2011 flood (a large magnitude event) at four gauging stations located along the Brisbane River. Different performance indices are applied to demonstrate that the developed model performs well during calibration and validation. A sensitivity analysis is presented to assess the influence of riverbed elevation changes on the model because the main uncertainty of the model is the bathymetry data. The proposed model with the shuttle radar topography mission digital elevation model‐derived riverbed elevation for the Brisbane estuary is able to predict the flood inundation extent at an accuracy of 66.9% which is higher than or comparable with the accuracies of the existing studies. However, it is expected that the accuracy will increase if some improved bathymetry data become available in the future. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种新的InSAR基线估计方法

针对InSAR技术中基线估计误差对DEM精度的影响,从传统的基线估计方法入手,提出了一种新的估计基线参数的方法,并用仿真实验做了论证.结果表明,该方法比以往传统的方法得到的基线参数的精度更高,运算速度更快,应用范围更加广泛.     

基于EDEM的混凝土板桩静压贯入过程三维颗粒流数值模拟

针对混凝土板桩在干粗砂地基中的静压贯入问题,为了明确贯入过程中的挤土效应及贯入阻力的发展规律,利用离散元数值模拟软件EDEM(Engineering Discrete Element Method)对干粗砂中混凝土板桩静压贯入过程进行了三维数值模拟。为此,提出了适用于类似试验的参数标定方法,分析了贯入过程中颗粒的运动特征。针对板桩结构的特点,对长边和短边方向的挤土效应进行了对比,并以短边为例,分析了不同高度处的挤土效应。最后,根据颗粒与桩结构的接触力,提取了桩端阻力和桩侧摩阻力的值,分析了两者在贯入过程中的变化规律。结果显示:在贯入过程中,颗粒的运动呈现"涡流状",并随贯入过程演化;板桩沿短边方向的表面隆起量约为沿长边方向的隆起量的2倍;随着长宽比的增加,板桩结构在短边方向和长边方向的隆起值相应增加,且短边方向的隆起值与长边方向的隆起值的比值与相应板桩的长宽比近似相等;随着贯入的进行,桩侧摩阻力所占的比重逐渐增加,在完全贯入后,侧摩阻力值约占桩端阻力的1/25;不同长宽比的板桩结构,其桩端阻力和桩侧摩阻力的单位值近似相等,并与准二维计算结果相近。     

基于DEM的兰州市城关区黄河以北地区荒山造地方案研究

在平地少、山地多的兰州,开发荒山、利用荒山将是兰州市城市发展的一种新的战略选择,是突破发展瓶颈制约、拓展城市发展空间、缓解大气污染的有效途径.以城关区黄河以北地区为例,在2.5 m×2.5 m高分辨率DEM的基础上,通过修改原有地形使之满足一定的约束条件:①满足城市建设用地的坡度要求;②满足局部挖方和填方的平衡.并在此基础上,以GIS空间叠加分析的方式对开发荒山得到的平地进行城市建设用地适宜性评价,为荒山造地的具体实施提供切实可行的方案和依据.     

Study of filtered interphase heat transfer using highly resolved CFD–DEM simulations

Accurately predicting the complex inhomogeneous heat transfer behavior in gas–solid fluidized beds is of fundamental importance. In this work, we constitute an enhanced filtered interphase heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) closure by systematically filtering the dataset from highly resolved three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics–discrete element model simulations. Particularly, effects of several potential filtered variable markers on filtered IHTC predictions are examined by statistical analysis. We reveal the formulated filtered IHTC correction closure manifests a systematic dependence on filtered interphase temperature difference as an additional marker. The proposed closure shows good agreement with the filtered fine-grid simulation data in an a priori analysis. Moreover, the difference of filtered IHTC corrections deduced from 3D Euler–Euler and Euler–Lagrange simulations is quantified. Finally, the comparative analysis between our proposed filtered IHTC formulation and those in literature is implemented. This work holds a potential to facilitate the development of thermal gas–solid flow modeling.