实时交互式虚拟EAST系统

实时交互式虚拟EAST(全超导托卡马克)系统能够三维重现EAST装置,在线获取EAST实验工程数据,实时显示等离子放电位形等三维物理实验成果。该系统采用B/S(浏览器/服务器)结构框架,结合了VRML(虚拟现实建模语言)和Java3D两种虚拟现实技术。利用VRML建立EAST三维仿真模型,结合Java3D实现用户与场景的交互,最终实现一个实时、动态的三维物理实验系统,从而推动EAST实验的进行。     

EAST电源数据采集控制系统的设计与实现

随着EAST装置不断升级,现有的电源数据采集及其控制系统已不能满足等离子体长时间放电要求,需设计新型EAST电源数据采集控制系统.该控制系统采用LAMP架构,对采集参数管理加入多种安全验证,实现了数据采集系统的远程启动、实时监测、异常检测、故障恢复和日志管理,解决了原有系统移植性差和安全性弱等问题;此外通过对实验数据进行有效性分析,并对有效实验数据的关键参数进行统计,实现了基于数据内容的检索.实验结果表明,该系统能够稳定运行,可有效降低人为故障,缩短异常处理时间,具备良好的扩展性和移植性,对EAST其他子装置的数据采集及其控制系统的升级有很好的参考价值.     

基于LightGBM的EAST杂质破裂预警

对全超导托卡马克核聚变实验装置东方超环(EAST)运行放电期间发生的杂质破裂进行预测对未来的聚变装置的长脉冲稳态放电有重要意义. 根据杂质破裂的物理特性筛选出的2018年的334炮杂质破裂炮数据以及2021年的1628炮非破裂炮作为训练炮, 再由等离子体平衡、密度、电流以及辐射等8种诊断信号组成的训练样本以LightGBM算法训练出杂质破裂预测模型. 实验结果表明LightGBM算法模型可以对杂质破裂进行准确预测(成功预测率96.29%), 非破裂炮的误判率6.87%. 研究结果证明利用LightGBM进行EAST等离子体杂质破裂预警是可行的方案.     

虚拟EAST系统的设计与实现

虚拟EAST系统能三维再现EAST装置,并提供360度全方位浏览EAST内部结构及点击访问相关信息的功能.交互式虚拟EAST的建立使用了3ds Max和虚拟现实建模语言(VRML)技术,3ds Max提供了良好的可视化开发环境,可以利用其产生高质量的3D模型;VRML是Web上建立三维虚拟模型的标准语言,可以构造虚拟场景并实现用户与虚拟场景的互动.初步构建了虚拟EAST系统,可以动态交互地再现EAST装置,为全面虚拟EAST的三维物理实验建立了基础.     

Dependence of the internal inductance on the radial distance between the primary and secondary X-point surfaces in the EAST tokamak

In view of their advantage in long-pulse high-performance operations, low internal inductance scenarios are being developed and tested for the EAST and other tokamaks. Dependence of the internal inductance on several main plasma configuration parameters are statistically analyzed. It is found that the internal inductance of the plasma is closely related to the radial distance dR_sep between the primary and secondary X-point surfaces on the outer mid-plane as well as the poloidal field of the last closed flux surface. Moreover,dR_sep is also related to the distribution of the fast electrons driven by the injected lower-hybrid waves, which is partially responsible for the observed relation betweendR_sep and the internal inductance. The results here should therefore be helpful as a guide for future experiments on internal inductance control and long-pulse operations of the EAST and other tokamaks, as well as for detailed theoretical study of the underlying physics.     

Application of HDF5 in long-pulse quasi-steady state data acquisition at high sampling rate

A new high sampling rate quasi-steady state data-acquisition system has been designed for the microwave reflectometry diagnostic of EAST experiments. In order to meet the requirements of long-pulse discharge and high sampling rate, it is designed based on PXI Express technology. A high-performance digitizer National Instruments PXIe-5122 with two synchronous analog input channels in which the maximum sampling rate is 100 MHz has been adopted. Two PXIe-5122 boards at 60 MSPS and one PXIe-6368 board at 2 MSPS are used in the system and the total throughput is about 500 MB/s. To guarantee the large amounts of data being saved continuously in the long-pulse discharge, an external hard-disk data stream enclosure NI HDD-8265 in which the capacity of sustained speed of reading and writing is 700 MB/s. And in RAID-5 mode its storage capacity is 80% of the total.The obtained raw data firstly stream continuously into NI HDD-8265 during the discharge. Then it will be transferred to the data server automatically and converted into HDF5 file format. HDF5 is an open source file format for data storage and management which has been widely used in various fields, and suitable for long term case. The details of the system are described in the paper.     

Recent ICRF coupling experiments on EAST

Recent ion cyclotron resonance frequency(ICRF) coupling experiments for optimizing ICRF heating in high power discharge were performed on EAST. The coupling experiments were focus on antenna phasing and gas puffing, which were performed separately on two ports of the ion cyclotron resonance heating(ICRH) system of EAST. The antenna phasing was performed on the I-port antenna, which consists of four toroidally spaced radiating straps operating in multiple phasing cases; the coupling performance was better under low wave number ∣k_‖∣(ranging from 4.5 to 6.5). By fuelling the plasma from gas injectors, placed as uniformly spaced array from top to bottom at each side limiter of the B-port antenna, which works in dipole phasing, the coupling resistance of the B-port antenna increased obviously.Furthermore, the coupling resistance of the I-port antenna was insensitive to a smaller rate of gas puffing but when the gas injection rate was more than a certain value(1021 s~(-1)), a sharp increase in the coupling resistance of the I-port antenna occurred, which was mainly caused by the toroidal asymmetric boundary density arising from gas puffing. A more specific analysis is given in the paper.     

Thermal analysis and optimization of the EAST ICRH antenna

The ion cyclotron resonance of frequency heating(ICRH) plays an important role in plasma heating.Two ICRH antennas were designed and applied on the EAST tokamak.In order to meet the requirement imposed by high-power and long-pulse operation of EAST in the future,an active cooling system is mandatory to be designed to remove the heat load deposited on the components.Thermal analyses for high heat-load components have been carried out,which presented clear temperature distribution on each component and provided the reference data to do the optimization.Meanwhile,heat pipes were designed to satisfy the high requirement imposed by a Faraday shield and lateral limiter.     

Design and control of coaxial switching system for ion cyclotron wave resonance heating system of EAST

Ion cyclotron wave resonance heating system(ICRH) which is one of the most important auxiliary system in EAST provides conditions for heating the plasma. In order to make the whole transmission network of ICRH form the required state, the coaxial switching system was developed, which mainly consists of 11 same coaxial switches. Each coaxial switch has a controller with an RS485 communication interface and is able to switch between two states. All controllers are integrated to an RS485 hub which connects to the computer. A master computer software is developed to control the coaxial switching system so as to achieve the state needs of ICRH. Moreover, several rounds of experiments show that the coaxial switching system operates reliably. The coaxial switching system has already been applied to normal use currently.