基于EDK2平台的数据备份与恢复技术

针对文件分配表文件系统数据的安全保障需求,基于符合统一可扩展固件接口(UEFI)规范的EFI开发套件2(EDK2)开源环境,提出一种固件层数据备份与恢复技术。利用EDK2提供协议接口读取硬盘分区数据,将获取的文件及目录信息备份为EFI镜像文件格式,数据恢复时反向写入目标分区。实验结果表明,该技术可解决传统数据备份对操作系统的过度依赖问题,其在固件层实现数据备份,实用性更强。     

结构健康监测中传感器优化设置方法研究

首先探讨了3种基于数据信息最大化准则的传统传感器优化布置方法,即有效独立法、有效独立驱动点-残差法及运动能法.其中前2种基于Fisher信息阵最大化,而第3种基于运动能最大化.然后运用结构振动模态和三样条插值模态之间的均方差最小和抗噪性能最好,这两种比较准则来确定最优的传感器设置方法.数值分析表明:这3种传感器优化布置法都是有效的,而有效独立-驱动点残差法的效果最好.     

爆炸箔起爆器热烤安全性研究

为了评估爆炸箔起爆器的热烤安全性,开展了以 HNS-Ⅳ为装药的爆炸箔起爆器的热烤试验研究.将爆炸箔起爆器放置在450℃环境中,得到了不同装药量的爆炸箔起爆器在450℃环境中的反应程度.试验结果表明:升温速度快的试样热烤反应时间短,反应程度比升温速度慢的试样剧烈;装药量越大,热烤反应程度越剧烈.同时,在试验结果的基础上分析了以 HNS-Ⅳ为装药的爆炸箔起爆器的热烤安全药量.     

基于J1939的发动机转速遥控系统设计

介绍了一种基于J1939总线的电喷发动机转速控制的遥控化设计。对遥控发动机的转速控制进行了分析,对控制系统的组成部分、软件设计流程和主调节模块分别作了介绍。针对特种移动机械的作业特点,将电喷发动机转速控制技术安全、有效地应用到该机器上。实践表明,该方法调节性能优良,能满足特种移动机械的作业要求。     

甲醇-汽油混合燃料电喷汽油机性能的试验研究

在一台多点电喷汽油机上,系统开展了燃用高比例的甲醇汽油混合燃料(甲醇的体积比为85%)M85时发动机的动力性,经济性和排放特性。研究结果表明:电喷汽油机燃用M85时,动力性明显改善,经济性明显提高,有效热效率明显提高;CO和NOx的排放有明显改善,但HC排放明显恶化。     

爆炸箔加速飞片的数值模拟

用3种方法对电爆炸箔加速飞片进行了数值模拟研究,并与实测速度了比较,为优化设计爆炸箔起爆器提供了理论依据。     

EFI及其安全性研究

为了解决传统PCBIOS的局限性及其面临的问题,Intel公司提出了可扩展固件接口(EFI)的规范标准。作为下一代BIOS,EFI为启动操作系统前的程序提供了一个标准环境。文中详细介绍了EFI,指出EFI存在的一些安全问题,并分析相关的安全机制,指出了实现EFI安全必须考虑的因素。     

特高压紧凑型输电线路工频电场强度计算

将有限元方法应用于特高压紧凑型输电线路电场强度的计算.建立二维静电场有限元模型,计算对比了特高压紧凑型线路导线表面电场强度和相导线平均电场强度最大值,分析了特高压线路导线截面和分裂半径的选取,也计算了线路下方距离地面1 m处最大电场强度和线路走廊宽度.计算结果表明特高压交流输电线路采用紧凑型方式具有一定的优越性.     

Exploding Foil Initiator (EFI) Modes of Operation Determined Using Down‐Barrel Flyer Layer Velocity Measurement

Exploding Foil Initiator (EFI) flyer layer velocities measured down the barrel of an EFI are presented. Flyer velocity was shown to be proportional to supply voltage and of a similar order to other studies previously conducted. Bridge volume ejection was shown to be proportional to capacitor voltage. Current density increased with respect to capacitor voltage up to a point of saturation between 2400 V and 3000 V (evidenced electrically). Beyond the saturation voltage, high voltages demonstrated sustained energy delivery at a reduced current. This work indicates that control of active bridge volume or electrical supply signal may enable more closely controlled EFI flyer layer ejection behavior, and it demonstrates the relevance of using current per active bridge (specific current) as a metric to describe EFI electrical performance with relevance to dynamic response of the EFI. The impulse delivered by an EFI can be modulated via manipulation of the firing circuit input signal giving rise to system behavior variation.     

Exposure and effects assessment of persistent organohalogen contaminants in arctic wildlife and fish

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) encompass an array of anthropogenic organic and elemental substances and their degradation and metabolic byproducts that have been found in the tissues of exposed animals, especially POPs categorized as organohalogen contaminants (OHCs). OHCs have been of concern in the circumpolar arctic for decades. For example, as a consequence of bioaccumulation and in some cases biomagnification of legacy (e.g., chlorinated PCBs, DDTs and CHLs) and emerging (e.g., brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and in particular polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) including perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanic acid (PFOA) found in Arctic biota and humans. Of high concern are the potential biological effects of these contaminants in exposed Arctic wildlife and fish. As concluded in the last review in 2004 for the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP) on the effects of POPs in Arctic wildlife, prior to 1997, biological effects data were minimal and insufficient at any level of biological organization. The present review summarizes recent studies on biological effects in relation to OHC exposure, and attempts to assess known tissue/body compartment concentration data in the context of possible threshold levels of effects to evaluate the risks. This review concentrates mainly on post-2002, new OHC effects data in Arctic wildlife and fish, and is largely based on recently available effects data for populations of several top trophic level species, including seabirds (e.g., glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus)), polar bears (Ursus maritimus), polar (Arctic) fox (Vulpes lagopus), and Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), as well as semi-captive studies on sled dogs (Canis familiaris). Regardless, there remains a dearth of data on true contaminant exposure, cause-effect relationships with respect to these contaminant exposures in Arctic wildlife and fish. Indications of exposure effects are largely based on correlations between biomarker endpoints (e.g., biochemical processes related to the immune and endocrine system, pathological changes in tissues and reproduction and development) and tissue residue levels of OHCs (e.g., PCBs, DDTs, CHLs, PBDEs and in a few cases perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluorinated sulfonates (PFSAs)). Some exceptions include semi-field studies on comparative contaminant effects of control and exposed cohorts of captive Greenland sled dogs, and performance studies mimicking environmentally relevant PCB concentrations in Arctic charr. Recent tissue concentrations in several arctic marine mammal species and populations exceed a general threshold level of concern of 1 part-per-million (ppm), but a clear evidence of a POP/OHC-related stress in these populations remains to be confirmed. There remains minimal evidence that OHCs are having widespread effects on the health of Arctic organisms, with the possible exception of East Greenland and Svalbard polar bears and Svalbard glaucous gulls. However, the true (if any real) effects of POPs in Arctic wildlife have to be put into the context of other environmental, ecological and physiological stressors (both anthropogenic and natural) that render an overall complex picture. For instance, seasonal changes in food intake and corresponding cycles of fattening and emaciation seen in Arctic animals can modify contaminant tissue distribution and toxicokinetics (contaminant deposition, metabolism and depuration). Also, other factors, including impact of climate change (seasonal ice and temperature changes, and connection to food web changes, nutrition, etc. in exposed biota), disease, species invasion and the connection to disease resistance will impact toxicant exposure. Overall, further research and better understanding of POP/OHC impact on animal performance in Arctic biota are recommended. Regardless, it could be argued that Arctic wildlife and fish at the highest potential risk of POP/OHC exposure and mediated effects are East Greenland, Svalbard and (West and South) Hudson Bay polar bears, Alaskan and Northern Norway killer whales, several species of gulls and other seabirds from the Svalbard area, Northern Norway, East Greenland, the Kara Sea and/or the Canadian central high Arctic, East Greenland ringed seal and a few populations of Arctic charr and Greenland shark.