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排序方式: 共有2412条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Michael Lommel Vera Froese Moritz Sieber Marvin Jentzsch Tim Bierewirtz Ümit Hasirci Tim Rese Josef Seefeldt Sebastian Schimek Ulrich Kertzscher Christian Oliver Paschereit 《Indoor air》2021,31(6):1860-1873
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has created a great demand for a better understanding of the spread of viruses in indoor environments. A novel measurement system consisting of one portable aerosol-emitting mannequin (emitter) and a number of portable aerosol-absorbing mannequins (recipients) was developed that can measure the spread of aerosols and droplets that potentially contain infectious viruses. The emission of the virus from a human is simulated by using tracer particles solved in water. The recipients inhale the aerosols and droplets and quantify the level of solved tracer particles in their artificial lungs simultaneously over time. The mobile system can be arranged in a large variety of spreading scenarios in indoor environments and allows for quantification of the infection probability due to airborne virus spreading. This study shows the accuracy of the new measurement system and its ability to compare aerosol reduction measures such as regular ventilation or the use of a room air purifier. 相似文献
2.
Akira Minami Yuuki Kurebayashi Tadanobu Takahashi Tadamune Otsubo Kiyoshi Ikeda Takashi Suzuki 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
Sialidase cleaves sialic acid residues from glycans such as glycoproteins and glycolipids. In the brain, desorption of the sialic acid by sialidase is essential for synaptic plasticity, learning and memory and synaptic transmission. BTP3-Neu5Ac has been developed for sensitive imaging of sialidase enzyme activity in mammalian tissues. Sialidase activity in the rat hippocampus detected with BTP3-Neu5Ac increases rapidly by neuronal depolarization. It is presumed that an increased sialidase activity in conjunction with neural excitation is involved in the formation of the neural circuit for memory. Since sialidase inhibits the exocytosis of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, the increased sialidase activity by neural excitation might play a role in the negative feedback mechanism against the glutamate release. Mammalian tissues other than the brain have also been stained with BTP3-Neu5Ac. On the basis of information on the sialidase activity imaging in the pancreas, it was found that sialidase inhibitor can be used as an anti-diabetic drug that can avoid hypoglycemia, a serious side effect of insulin secretagogues. In this review, we discuss the role of sialidase in the brain as well as in the pancreas and skin, as revealed by using a sialidase activity imaging probe. We also present the detection of influenza virus with BTP3-Neu5Ac and modification of BTP3-Neu5Ac. 相似文献
3.
Alawiya Reslan Juliano G. Haddad Liadrine Moukendza Koundi Philippe Desprs Jean-Loup Bascands Gilles Gadea 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(5)
Mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) became a real threat to human health due to the lack of vaccine and effective antiviral treatment. The virus has recently been responsible for a global outbreak leading to millions of infected cases. ZIKV complications were highlighted in adults with Guillain–Barré syndrome and in newborns with increasing numbers of congenital disorders ranging from mild developmental delays to fatal conditions. The ability of ZIKV to establish a long-term infection in diverse organs including the kidneys has been recently documented but the consequences of such a viral infection are still debated. Our study aimed to determine whether the efficiency of ZIKV growth in kidney cells relates to glucose concentration. Human kidney HK-2 cells were infected with different ZIKV strains in presence of normal and high glucose concentrations. Virological assays showed a decrease in viral replication without modifying entry steps (viral binding, internalization, fusion) under high glucose conditions. This decrease replication was associated with a lower virus progeny and increased cell viability when compared to ZIKV-infected HK-2 cells in normal glucose concentration. In conclusion, we showed for the first time that an elevated glucose level influences ZIKV replication level with an effect on kidney cell survival. 相似文献
4.
Adele Boccuto Filippo Dragoni Francesca Picarazzi Alessia Lai Carla Della Ventura Carla Veo Federica Giammarino Francesco Saladini Gianguglielmo Zehender Maurizio Zazzi Mattia Mori Ilaria Vicenti 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(5)
The nucleotide analog sofosbuvir, licensed for the treatment of hepatitis C, recently revealed activity against the Zika virus (ZIKV) in vitro and in animal models. However, the ZIKV genetic barrier to sofosbuvir has not yet been characterized. In this study, in vitro selection experiments were performed in infected human hepatoma cell lines. Increasing drug pressure significantly delayed viral breakthrough (p = 0.029). A double mutant in the NS5 gene (V360L/V607I) emerged in 3 independent experiments at 40–80 µM sofosbuvir resulting in a 3.9 ± 0.9-fold half- maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) shift with respect to the wild type (WT) virus. A triple mutant (C269Y/V360L/V607I), detected in one experiment at 80 µM, conferred a 6.8-fold IC50 shift with respect to the WT. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed that the double mutant V360L/V607I impacts the binding mode of sofosbuvir, supporting its role in sofosbuvir resistance. Due to the distance from the catalytic site and to the lack of reliable structural data, the contribution of C269Y was not investigated in silico. By a combination of sequence analysis, phenotypic susceptibility testing, and molecular modeling, we characterized a double ZIKV NS5 mutant with decreased sofosbuvir susceptibility. These data add important information to the profile of sofosbuvir as a possible lead for anti-ZIKV drug development. 相似文献
5.
牙鲆淋巴囊肿病的PCR诊断方法研究 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
以中国养殖牙鲆 (Paralichthysolivaceus)淋巴囊肿病毒 (Lymphocystisdiseasevirus,LCDVcn)主要衣壳蛋白 (majorcapsidprotein ,MCP)基因的中间保守序列为目标基因 ,设计了一对特异性引物。该引物可扩增出 172bp的病毒DNA片段 ,其最小DNA检出量为 0 0 183ng。用PCR法从人工感染淋巴囊肿病毒 3天的牙鲆血、鳃、肝、脾、肠、胃及自然发病牙鲆的肿瘤中 ,分别检测到了LCDV的存在。本实验结果证明 ,PCR法对于早期检测LCDV是十分有效的。 相似文献
6.
药物预防HIV传播是人类战胜HIV的重要手段。现将预防HIV感染药的研发现状,抗HIV药在预防母婴传播,暴露前后预防的研发和应用动态作一综述。 相似文献
7.
四株狂犬病街毒的免疫学特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 研究国内分离的4株狂犬病街毒的免疫学特性。方法 采用免疫力试验及中和试验进行抗原性及免疫原性检测。结果4株街毒抗原性存在一定差异,应用aG株疫苗免疫小鼠能保护4株街毒的攻击。结论aG疫苗与4株街毒具有良好的交叉免疫性。 相似文献
8.
构筑企业级信息系统安全体系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
滕铁军 《网络安全技术与应用》2004,(7):36-38
本文以跨地区公司为例,探讨企业级信息系统安全体系的构筑,所述的原则和做法可以实现在外部网-内部网-主机-用户体系上,形成多道防线,使企业计算机网络具有相当程度的安全性,从而达到企业信息系统的安全目标。 相似文献
9.
结合燕化公司网络病毒防治系统的实施,介绍了公司网络病毒防治系统的体系结构,并对公司网络病毒防治系统的运行管理提出了看法。 相似文献
10.
现代信息化的技术的进步给我们的社会生活带来的很大帮助,而网络媒体就是信息化技术的一个产物,它能迅速成为市场的一大宠儿,不仅有着他自身独有的优势和特点,还有与之相适应的外部条件,传统媒体在某些方面已经不能适应现代产业的发展,人们正在寻求一种迅速、容量大的传播方式,于是网络媒体的出现众望所归。但是由于我国的网络媒体的出现时间尚短,难免有着这样那样的问题,随着网络媒体为越来越多的人所接受,其问题也更加严重,尤其是传播不良的信息荼毒青少年的思想健康,网络受到黑客、病毒的侵袭,网上传播虚假信息、盗窃数据库资料等等,信息安全问题突出,这些问题越来越受到全世界的关注,成为全球共同注意的事情。 相似文献