Essential (Mg,Fe, Zn and Cu) and Non-Essential (Cd and Pb) Elements in Predatory Insects (Vespa crabro and Vespa velutina): A Molecular Perspective

The recent introduction of the Asian yellow-legged hornet, Vespa velutina, into Europe has raised concern regarding the threat to honeybees and the competition with the European hornet, Vespa crabro. The aim of this study was to investigated essential (Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu) and non-essential (Cd and Pb) elements in these two species. Element concentrations were determined in the whole body and separately in the head, thorax and abdomen using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The changes in essential element concentration and speciation during metamorphosis were also studied using size exclusion chromatography followed by AAS and proteomic analysis. In both species, the essential elements were more concentrated in the abdomen due to the presence of fat bodies. Magnesium, Fe and Zn concentrations were significantly higher in V. crabro than in V. velutina and could have been related to the higher aerobic energy demand of the former species required to sustain foraging flight. Low concentrations of Cd and Pb were indicative of low environmental exposure. The concentration and speciation of essential elements, particularly Fe, varied among the developmental stages, indicating a modification of ligand preferences during metamorphosis. Overall, the results in the present study provide a better understanding of the hornet metal metabolism and a foundation for additional studies.     

Alternatives for improving energy security in Cape Verde

The lack of consensus on the meaning of energy security and how it should be measured hinders the evaluation of alternatives for improving the Cape Verdean energy sector. The objective of the paper is to develop an energy security index adjusted to the country's context. The methods used are the multi-criteria analysis and the Delphi survey. Different alternatives to improve energy security are assessed: electrically interconnect Cape Verde's islands, increase the share of renewable energy, and a combination of the previous alternatives. The results of our analysis indicate that increasing renewable energy is the optimal alternative for Cape Verde.     

Assessing the cost-effectiveness of electric vehicles in European countries using integrated modeling

Electric vehicles (EVs) are considered alternatives to internal combustion engines due to their energy efficiency and contribution to CO₂ mitigation. The adoption of EVs depends on consumer preferences, including cost, social status and driving habits, although it is agreed that current and expected costs play a major role. We use a partial equilibrium model that minimizes total energy system costs to assess whether EVs can be a cost-effective option for the consumers of each EU27 member state up to 2050, focusing on the impact of different vehicle investment costs and CO₂ mitigation targets. We found that for an EU-wide greenhouse gas emission reduction cap of 40% and 70% by 2050 vis-à-vis 1990 emissions, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are cost-effective in the EU only by 2030 and only if their costs are 30% lower than currently expected. At the EU level, vehicle costs and the capability to deliver both short- and long-distance mobility are the main drivers of BEV deployment. Other drivers include each state’s national mobility patterns and the cost-effectiveness of alternative mitigation options, both in the transport sector, such as plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) or biofuels, and in other sectors, such as renewable electricity.     

控制理论的现状及对它的期望

本文首先简述了控制理论的发展过程，侧重叙述促进现代控制理论发展的主要因素，然后叙述了控制理论主要研究方向的进展及有待解决的问题，最后从第十二届ＩＦＡＣ世界大会看人们如何对待控制理论的各个方面。     

云南滇池湖泊流域水土流失灾害遥感调查

采用遥感技术与地面调查相结合的方法，组织多学科综合调查研究，对云南滇池流域水土流失状况及程度进行了调查分析。初步查明了引起水土流失灾害的原因并提出相应的防止对策。     

Public Attitudes to In-House Water Recycling in England and Wales

This study, which is based on responses from over 300 individuals in England and Wales, explores how a willingness to use a water-recycling system of specific configuration varies against a number of factors which are linked to system design, system scale, system context, and water-conservation behaviour. Findings show that there is broad willingness to accept in-house water recycling provided that public health is not compromised.     

关于统计调查方法改革的探讨

统计调查是统计工作的最基本环节，统计工作的质量在很大程度上取决于统计调查的质量。我国原有的统计调查方法体系已不再适应社会主义市场经济的新形势。鉴于面临着改革的新问题，论述了统计调查方法体制改革的目标模式和原则，提出了科学合理的统计调查体系，使统计工作更发适应社会主义市场经济体制的需求。     

RTK技术在控制测量中的应用研究

GPS RTK(Real Time Kinematic)技术的快速定位功能为其应用创造了良好的条件,但其定位精度验后估计的欠缺又使其应用受到一定的限制。本文针对此问题进行了研究,给出了GPS RTK测量成果的精度估计方法,并对GPS RTK测量技术用于控制测量的可行性进行了探讨,导出了相应的测量限差,为CPS RTK测量技术用于控制测量提供了理论依据和技术规定。     

万家寨大坝外部变形控制网综述

结合万家寨水利枢纽大坝外部变形控制网测量项目 ,从控制网的布设、标点建造、观测、数据处理及成果分析等方面进行了介绍。实际观测结果说明 ,该控制网能够准确反映大坝运行状态 ,满足工程安全运行需要     

勘测关键技术及其综合应用研究

勘测关键技术及其综合应用研究，系国家“八五”科技攻关２０８－０２－０５专题。该专题研究结合锦屏一、二级等工程，专业面广，应用性强，研究工作难度大，是当前水电工程地质勘探技术中的薄弱环节，是关系到前期工作进展和工程经济效益的重大课题。其研究内容包括：岩心定向技术、砂卵石层取心技术，地应力测试与分析新技术，岩体裂隙结构面的计算机处理系统、岩溶探测新技术、高分辨率工程地震勘探技术、３０００系列测井仪的改