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排序方式: 共有222条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Study on Oxygen Isotope Fractionation in RE Oxide Minerals 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
StudyonOxygenIsotopeFractionationinREOxideMineralsFangTao(方涛),QiuYuzhuo(裘愉卓)(InstituteofGeochemistry,AcademiaSinica,Guiyang5... 相似文献
2.
We have studied the short term C mineralization of six wastes from important food industries, one sludge from a biogas plant and three composts. All the wastes were characterized chemically and fractionated according to the Van Soest method. The fresh wastes were incubated under controlled environment conditions to determine the C mineralization rate. Based on first order mineralization kinetics, we calculated the hypothetical amount of stable C in the wastes as the amount of C that would not be mineralized within one year under field conditions. The percentage of stable organic C in the organic matter was in general much larger in the composts than in the other wastes, but when expressed on dry matter, the non-composted wastes had comparable or larger amounts of stable organic C than the composts and have a considerable potential for supplying organic matter to soils, and hence for C sequestration. The amount of stable organic C could best be predicted by the total N content of the wastes (R
a
2 = 0.855), whereas the results of the fractionation had very little predictive power, probably due to problems related to the high ash content of some of the wastes. An index that combined stable organic C and N and P content in the wastes was calculated to assess possible limitations for applying these wastes in agriculture. Under current nutrient legislation in Western Europe, a number of these wastes will only be usable in small amounts, but these and other food industry wastes could still prove to be valuable soil amendments in nutrient poor situations, for increasing soil organic C content and supplying nutrients. 相似文献
3.
对抚顺石油化工分公司石化三厂白油加氢装置进行技术改造,通过调整加氢工艺,采用一段加氢工艺生产高品级的加氢尾油,再经分馏系统生产出多种优级品的白油,满足了市场需求,并创造了可观的经济效益和社会效益。 相似文献
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5.
Arias R Barona A Ibarra-Berastegi G Aranguiz I Elías A 《Journal of hazardous materials》2008,151(1):78-85
Although total metal content is frequently the initial approach for measuring pollution, no information is provided about mobility and environmental risk. In this paper, a metal fractionation (sequential extraction) technique and artificial neural networks (Self-Organizing Maps, SOMs) have been used jointly to evaluate the pollution level of the sediments dredged from the dry dock of a former shipyard in the Bilbao estuary (Bizkaia, Spain). The load pollution index (LPI) for the upper, middle and bottom layers of the sediments was 7.65, 8.22 and 10.01, respectively, for six metals (Cu, Mn, Ni, Cr, Pb and Zn). This showed that upper sediments were less polluted than the lower ones. Consequently, a reduction in the pollution level of metal discharged into the river in recent years was confirmed. According to fractionation results, the most mobile minor elements were Cu, Pb and Zn, as they are mainly associated with the non-residual fractions. The statistical approach of Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) revealed that Ni, Pb and Zn amounts in the residual fraction followed the same pattern associated with simultaneous discharges of slags into the river. However, other hazardous discharge sources are responsible for the high accumulation of those metals in the non-residual fractions. 相似文献
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7.
Qiuhua Xu Lifeng Yang Dashan Wang Xiao Hou Yuanyuan Sun Xuezhen Zhou Xinmu Zhou Yongxiu Li 《中国稀土学报(英文版)》2018,36(12)
The fractionation of ion adsorption rare earths (IAREs) along the depth in a shaft of a deposit at Dajishan, Jiangxi, China was comparatively evaluated using the partition values (PVs) and relative fractionation values (RFVs) of the leached rare earths (REs). It is found that both PVs and RFVs can objectively reflect the migration and fractionation of REs, but RE content and abrasion pH could not. However, the RFVs can provide more information to quantitatively evaluating the migration and fractionation characteristics of REs along the selected direction and region than PVs could, which is of significance for designing the optimal procedures of in-situ leaching based on the determined flow direction of injecting solution. It is demonstrated that the migration of Ce, Pr, and Nd along the depth direction is inert, and that of REs post Sm and Y is active. Meanwhile, the migration of La shows region characteristics which is active in the upper and inert in lower region. More interesting, the dependence of RFVs on atomic number of REs displays a tetrad group variation trend. However, the fractionation of REs among clay minerals with different particle sizes is not evident, especially for the clay in the bottom region. These results indicate that the migration and fractionation of REs not only are dominated by the adsorption of their hydrated ions, but also rely on their hydrolysis tendency, which provide information for understanding the metallogenic mechanism of IAREs. 相似文献
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9.
Sebastian U. Ugbaje 《The International journal of environmental studies》2013,70(1):121-133
A savannah soil amended with two urban wastes and planted with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in a pot experiment was evaluated for chemical forms and phytoavailability of Cr, Ni and Pb. The metals were partitioned into seven operationally defined chemical fractions: mobile (F1), easily mobilisable (F2), occluded in Mn oxides (F3), organically bound (F4), occluded in amorphous Fe oxides (FeOxam, F5), occluded in crystalline Fe oxides (FeOxc, F6), and residual (F7). Although the application of the urban wastes increased the total concentrations of the metals in the soil, there were no corresponding increases in Cr and Ni uptake by sorghum except for Pb uptake. Waste application increased mobile Ni (F1) but decreased the residual form (F7). The organically bound Pb (F4) was increased at the expense of residual Pb (F7). With respect to Cr, waste application increased Cr form occluded in non-crystalline Fe oxides (F5) in the soil. Bioassay of the test crop indicated that the uptake of Pb by sorghum (Y-Pb) correlated significantly with Pb occluded in non-crystalline and crystalline Fe oxides (F5 and F6). Since a single application of urban wastes to this savannah soil significantly increased Pb uptake by sorghum, the consequences of long-term applications under urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) should be of great concern; particularly with respect to children’s exposure to Pb through consumption of food and vegetables. 相似文献
10.
Katharina Strohmeier Sigurd Schober Martin Mittelbach 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2014,91(7):1217-1224
An easy and efficient method for the separation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid mono alkyl esters, prepared from animal fat, was developed. The most efficient separation was achieved by the use of solvents such as methanol and acetone at low temperatures. The dilution of the alkyl esters with 10 times the amount of solvent (10:1 v/w) and storage of the mixture for 4 h at ?22 °C could be defined as optimum conditions. After filtration of the saturated fraction at the corresponding temperature very pure fractions were obtained. For fatty acid methyl esters deriving from tallow, with an initial content of saturated fatty acids of almost 50 %, a saturated ester fraction with only 5 % unsaturated fatty acids and an unsaturated ester fraction with about 9 % of saturated fatty acids could be obtained. The solvent easily could be recovered by distillation. In addition fatty acid ethyl, 1‐propyl, 2‐propyl, 1‐butyl, tert‐butyl and 3‐methyl‐1‐butyl esters were prepared and separated into saturated and unsaturated fractions. All fractions were analyzed according to the fatty acid compositions and showed similar or slightly worse results compared to the methyl esters. The cold filter plugging points of the unsaturated fractions were measured, showing the lowest value for the unsaturated methyl ester fraction at ?26 °C. The fractionation with the use of solvents is an easy tool in order to obtain fatty acid alkyl esters with excellent cold temperature behavior out of animal fat. 相似文献