GSH-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of MnxCd1−xS solid solution hollow spheres and their application in photocatalytic degradation

A series of Mn_xCd_1−xS (MCS) solid solutions hollow spheres (x=0.0, 0.20, 0.33, 0.50 and 0.67) have been synthesized with the assistance of l-Glutathione (GSH) by a simple hydrothermal route for the first time. Different characterization techniques, including X-Ray diffraction (XRD), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area (BET), UV–vis and diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) are performed to investigate the structural and optical properties of the as-prepared samples. The experiment of rhodamine B (RhB) decoloration indicates that all the MCS samples show higher photo-catalytic activities than commercial CdS under visible light irradiation. Among them, the Mn_0.33Cd_0.67S exhibits the highest photo-catalytic activity. The superior photo-catalytic activity of MCS samples may be attributed predominantly to the synergistic effect of the appropriate band-gap structure as well as the special hollow spherical morphology which makes MCS samples have the ability to harvest exciting visible-light due to multiple scattering within the interior space. Furthermore, the Mn_0.33Cd_0.67S shows well stability, the photo-catalytic activities do not decrease significantly after six recycles. The work may open a novel strategy to fabricate multi-component chalcogenide solid solutions hollow spheres.     

益生菌抗氧化活性及菌体抗氧化相关成分的分析

目的比较乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、嗜热链球菌和乳酸乳球菌的抗氧化活性,分析抗氧化活性较高菌株内与抗氧化相关的成分。方法采用清除DPPH自由基、清除羟自由基以及抗脂质过氧化能力3种方法评价40株益生菌的抗氧化活性,选出抗氧化活性较高的菌株分析其超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和总巯基化合物(TTG)的含量。结果所比较的40株益生菌的抗氧化能力差别较大,既具有种属特异性,又具有菌株特异性;7株嗜热链球菌和11株乳酸乳球菌中的SOD活性最高[(平均分别为124.02U/mg(蛋白质)和107.10U/mg(蛋白质)]、2株双歧杆菌中GSH的含量最高(平均为311.03μmol/L细胞破碎液),所分析的菌株中TTG含量均较高。研究结果表明,实验菌乳酸乳球菌清除自由基能力最强,其次是嗜热链球菌,所试验的乳杆菌和双歧杆菌最弱;SOD对益生菌的抗氧化起主要作用;GSH的存在因种属和菌株的不同而差别较大;TTG对益生菌的抗氧化起了积极作用。     

紫苏油对衰老小鼠脑组织GSH含量的影响

为了观察紫苏油对衰老小鼠脑组织中GSH含量的影响,实验对D-半乳糖导致的亚急性衰老小鼠每日灌胃不同剂量紫苏油,在人工饲养21、42、63 d后,分别检测小鼠脑组织的GSH含量,并分别建立了GSH含量随剂量(C)变化的函数,求出各时间组的最低康复剂量、最佳有效剂量和最大极限剂量.结果显示,D-半乳糖能导致小鼠的GSH含量明显下降,紫苏油能提高GSH含量,且最低康复剂量、最佳有效剂量和最大极限剂量随着灌胃紫苏油时间的增加均有减小的趋势.但随着紫苏油剂量的提高,GSH含量先升后降.过量紫苏油的摄入反而增加了机体对抗氧化分子的消耗.     

The methionine precursor dl-2-hydroxy-(4-methylthio)butanoic acid protects intestinal epithelial barrier function

dl-2-hydroxy-(4-methylthio)butanoic acid (HMTBA) is a source of dietary methionine (Met) that is widely used in poultry nutrition. We have previously shown that HMTBA is preferentially diverted to the transsulfuration pathway, which gives antioxidant metabolites such as taurine and glutathione. Therefore, here we hypothesize that this Met source can protect epithelial barrier function in an in vitro model of intestinal inflammation of Caco-2 cells. The results show that HMTBA prevents the increase in paracellular permeability induced by H₂O₂ or tumour necrosis factor-α. This effect can be attributed to the increased production of taurine and reduced glutathione. Similar results were obtained for dl-Met, although the protective role of the amino acid was less pronounced than that of the hydroxy analogue. In conclusion, the diversion to the transsulfuration pathway means that this Met precursor is of greater value than previously thought, due to its capacity to improve intestinal homeostasis and the quality of poultry products destined for human consumption.     

国内谷胱甘肽研究进展

谷胱甘肽（GSH）是一种重要的医药保健产品,在临床上用于肝脏保护、治愈肿瘤、解除氧中毒、抗衰老和治疗内分泌紊乱等疾病,效果明显无毒副作用,在医疗、保健品加工等领域有广泛的市场。介绍了国内GSH的研究和生产现状、产品用途和市场前景。     

有机溶剂沉淀法初步提纯谷胱甘肽抽提液的研究

还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)是生物体内一种具有重要生理功能的活性三肽,其生产多采用发酵法.采用有机溶剂沉淀法对GSH抽提液进行了初步分离提纯.分别采用四氧嘧啶法和高效液相色谱法测定GSH的浓度和纯度,考察了不同有机溶剂和用量、溶液pH、温度和GSH初始质量浓度等对提纯效果的影响,确定了适宜工艺如下:有机溶剂选用乙醇,VR =5,pH的适宜范围为3.0 ～3.4,低温(5℃),较高的初始质量浓度.在上述工艺条件下,GSH纯度可从18.0％提高到41.0％,表明乙醇沉淀法提纯GSH抽提液是有效的,有利于后续分离.     

富硒处理对绿豆GSH-Px活性及GSH含量的影响

谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px),最早是在动物体内发现的一种含硒酶,近年来在许多植物中也发现了该酶的存在,并发现适当浓度的外源硒能提高GSH-Px的活性.本文以绿豆为实验材料,用NaSe2O3 作为硒源,对绿豆进行富硒处理,研究适当浓度的NaSe2O3对绿豆GSH-Px活性及绿豆中谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量的影响.结果显示:富硒处理可以促进绿豆GSH-Px的合成;无论是浸泡过程还是萌芽阶段,经富硒处理的绿豆其GSH-Px的活性都比对照样高;特别是在富硒处理5 h后,绿豆GSH-Px活性显著增加,比对照提高了59.38 %;而绿豆中GSH的含量则是先下降,后升高.     

Modulation of the antioxidant/pro-oxidant balance,cytotoxicity and antiviral actions of grape seed extracts

Grape seed extracts (GSEs) were investigated in yeast cells harbouring defects in their antioxidant system (regarding the cellular growth and growth recovery from H₂O₂ insult). GSEs antioxidant activity was detected in wild-type and mutant strains Δcta1, Δgsh1 and Δoye2glr1, while pro-oxidant activity in Δsod1 cells was seen. Assessment of proliferation of prostate cancer PC3 and HBV-replicating HepG2 2.2.15 cells treated with GSEs has shown higher cytotoxicity of red grape seed extract (RW) than white grape seed extract (WW) subjective to dose and period of administration. No antiviral effect was detected by measuring the secreted virion particles in HepG2 2.2.15 cells treated with GSEs. The GSEs play a dual antioxidant/pro-oxidant role in vivo according with the cellular antioxidant system deficiencies and exhibit cytotoxic properties in PC3 and HepG2 2.2.15 cell lines, but no antiviral action against HBV.     

细胞谷胱甘肽含量与放射增敏研究

谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）是一种内源性放射防护物质，在正常状况下大部分以还原型存在于细胞和组织中，本研究结果表明，通过外源性化学修饰剂丁胱亚磺酰亚胺（ＢＳＯ），可用效地抑制细胞内ＧＳＨ的生物合成，从而使内源性ＧＳＨ含量下降，在１ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＢＳＯ作用后２４ｈ，可使原有ＧＳＨ含量从４．６７６８４×１０＾－１２ｍｍｏｌ／ｃｅｌｌ下降至０．５０９２×１０＾－１２ｍｍｏｌ／ｃｅｌｌ为对照组的１．０９％，ＢＳＯ的抑     

枳椇子影响乙醇代谢机理研究

为了研究枳椇子解酒保肝机理,实验建立了低剂量乙醇模型组(自由饮用2.5%乙醇、3.9g/kg体重/d)和高剂量乙醇模型组(自由饮用8%乙醇、12.6g/kg体重/d),枳子浸提液+低醇组枳子浸提液+高醇组+枳子浸提液组(小鼠自由饮用3mg/ml枳椇子浸提液),实验持续30d,测定小鼠肝脏乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)活性及丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量。结果表明,长期摄入乙醇引起肝脏ADH、SOD、GST酶活性降低,导致MDA含量升高和GSH含量下降,枳子提取液可拮抗乙醇引起的上述变化,具有解酒保肝作用。