藏香猪特色菜肴的开发

藏香猪是藏区独特的品种资源,其体小皮薄,蛋白质含量高,肉质细嫩、味道鲜美,富含10余种人体必需的氨基酸成份,素有"高原之珍"的美誉。本文以藏香猪为原料,采用中西菜肴制作技术及工艺,开发出符合大众风味爱好、食用方便、风味类型丰富的藏香猪特色菜肴,以促进藏香猪类餐饮经济的发展。     

Following non-stationary distributions by controlling the vector quantization accuracy of a growing neural gas network

In this paper, an original method extended from growing neural gas (GNG-T) [B. Fritzke, A growing neural gas network learns topologies, in: G. Tesauro, D.S. Touretzky, T.K. Leen (Eds.), Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 7, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1995, pp. 625–632] is presented. The method performs continuously vector quantization over a distribution that changes over time. It deals with both sudden changes and continuous ones, and is thus suited for the video tracking framework, where continuous tracking is required as well as fast adaptation to incoming and outgoing people. The central mechanism relies on the management of the quantization resolution, that copes with stopping condition problems of usual GNG inspired methods. Application to video tracking is presented.     

Growing fuzzy topology adaptive resonance theory models with a push-pull learning algorithm

A new incrementally growing neural network model, called the growing fuzzy topology ART (GFTART) model, is proposed based on integrating the conventional fuzzy ART model with the incremental topology-preserving mechanism of the growing cell structure (GCS) model. This is in addition, to a new training algorithm, called the push-pull learning algorithm. The proposed GFTART model has two purposes: First, to reduce the proliferation of incrementally generated nodes in the F2 layer by the conventional fuzzy ART model based on replacing each F2 node with a GCS. Second, to enhance the class-dependent clustering representation ability of the GCS model by including the categorization property of the conventional fuzzy ART model. In addition, the proposed push-pull training algorithm enhances the cluster discriminating property and partially improves the forgetting problem of the training algorithm in the GCS model.     

GPGPU implementation of growing neural gas: Application to 3D scene reconstruction

Self-organising neural models have the ability to provide a good representation of the input space. In particular the Growing Neural Gas (GNG) is a suitable model because of its flexibility, rapid adaptation and excellent quality of representation. However, this type of learning is time-consuming, especially for high-dimensional input data. Since real applications often work under time constraints, it is necessary to adapt the learning process in order to complete it in a predefined time. This paper proposes a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) parallel implementation of the GNG with Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). In contrast to existing algorithms, the proposed GPU implementation allows the acceleration of the learning process keeping a good quality of representation. Comparative experiments using iterative, parallel and hybrid implementations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of CUDA implementation. The results show that GNG learning with the proposed implementation achieves a speed-up of 6×$6\times$ compared with the single-threaded CPU implementation. GPU implementation has also been applied to a real application with time constraints: acceleration of 3D scene reconstruction for egomotion, in order to validate the proposal.     

Satellite radar remote sensing of seasonal growing seasons for boreal and subalpine evergreen forests

We evaluated whether satellite radar remote sensing of landscape seasonal freeze-thaw cycles provides an effective measure of active growing season timing and duration for boreal and subalpine evergreen forests. Landscape daily radar backscatter measurements from the SeaWinds scatterometer on-board the QuikSCAT satellite were evaluated across a regional network of North American coniferous forest sites for 2000 and 2001. Radar remote sensing measurements of the initiation and length of the growing season corresponded closely with both site measurements and ecosystem process model (BIOME-BGC) simulations of these parameters because of the sensitivity of the K_u-band scatterometer to snow cover freeze-thaw dynamics and associated linkages between growing season initiation and the timing of seasonal snowmelt. In contrast, remote sensing estimates of the timing of growing season termination were either weakly or not significantly associated with site measurements and model simulation results, due to the relative importance of light availability and other environmental controls on stand phenology in the fall. Regional patterns of estimated annual net primary production (NPP) and component photosynthetic and autotrophic respiration rates for the evergreen forest sites also corresponded favorably with remote sensing estimates of the seasonal timing of spring thaw and associated growing season length, indicating the importance of these parameters in determining spatial and temporal patterns of NPP and the potential utility of satellite radar remote sensing for regional monitoring of the terrestrial biosphere.     

Risk-based approach to developing a national residue sampling plan for testing under European Union regulation for veterinary medicinal products and coccidiostat feed additives in domestic animal production

A ranking system for veterinary medicinal products and coccidiostat feed additives has been developed as a tool to be applied in a risk-based approach to the residue testing programme for foods of animal origin in the Irish National Residue Control Plan (NRCP). Three characteristics of substances that may occur as residues in food are included in the developed risk ranking system: Potency, as measured by the acceptable daily intake assigned by the European Medicines Agency Committee for Medicinal Products for Veterinary Use, to each substance; Usage, as measured by the three factors of Number of Doses, use on Individual animals or for Group treatment, and Withdrawal Period; and Residue Occurrence, as measured by the number of Non-Compliant Samples in the NRCP. For both Number of Doses and Non-Compliant Samples, data for the 5-year period 2008–12 have been used. The risk ranking system for substances was developed for beef cattle, sheep and goats, pigs, chickens and dairy cattle using a scoring system applied to the various parameters described above to give an overall score based on the following equation: Potency × Usage (Number of Doses + Individual/Group Use + Withdrawal Period) × Residue Occurrence. Applying this risk ranking system, the following substances are ranked very highly: antimicrobials such as amoxicillin (for all species except pigs), marbofloxacillin (for beef cattle), oxytetracycline (for all species except chickens), sulfadiazine with trimethoprim (for pigs and chickens) and tilmicosin (for chickens); antiparasitic drugs, such as the benzimidazoles triclabendazole (for beef and dairy cattle), fenbendazole/oxfendazole (for sheep/goats and dairy cattle) and albendazole (for dairy cattle), the avermectin ivermectin (for beef cattle), and anti-fluke drugs closantel and rafoxanide (for sheep/goats); the anticoccidials monensin, narasin, nicarbazin and toltrazuril (for chickens). The risk ranking system described is a relatively simple system designed to provide a reliable basis for selecting the veterinary medicinal products and coccidiostat feed additives that might be prioritised for residue testing.     

Effects of Variety,Maturation and Growing Region on Chemical Properties,Fatty Acid and Sterol Compositions of Virgin Olive Oils

Chemical properties, fatty acid and sterol compositions of olive oils extracted from Gemlik and Halhal? varieties grown in Hatay and Mardin provinces in Turkey were investigated during four maturation stages. The olive oil samples were analyzed for their chemical properties such as free acidity, peroxide value, total carotenoid, total chlorophyll, total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity, fatty acid and sterol compositions. Chemical properties, fatty acids and sterol profiles of olive oil samples generally showed statistically significant differences depending on the varieties, maturation and growing areas (p < 0.05). As free fatty acid contents and total phenolic contents increased, total carotenoid and chlorophyll contents decreased throughout the maturity stages. Total carotenoid and chlorophyll contents of oil samples from Mardin were higher than those of Hatay. The total phenolic compounds of olive oil samples ranged from 20.62 in Gemlik to 525.22 mg GAE/kg oil in Halhal? from Hatay. In general, the phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of olive oil samples were positively associated. Oleic acid content was the highest 71.53 % in H1 samples in Hatay. Total sterol contents were 1194.33 mg/kg in Halhal? and 2008.66 mg/kg in Gemlik from Hatay. Stigmasterol contents of oils obtained from Hatay were lower than those of Mardin. Oleic acid, palmitic acid, β‐sitosterol, ?‐5‐avenasterol and campesterol contents fluctuated with maturation for each of variety from both growing regions. These results showed that the variety, growing area and maturation influence the chemical properties, fatty acid and sterol compositions.     

2020/21年榨季广西桂西南蔗区甘蔗生产及苗期生长调查报告

通过面上调查、数据收集和实地调查相结合的方法,调查2020/21年榨季广西西南甘蔗苗情生长情况,面上调查包括查看资料,听取各市县糖业主管部门、企业及种植企业和蔗农的情况介绍;数据收集实地调查153个样点,其中新植蔗62个样点,宿根蔗91个样点;统计分析该蔗区甘蔗生产和苗期生长情况.结果表明,广西蔗区2020年1～5月平...     

2014年我国生猪生产形势分析及2015年走势研判

对于生猪养殖户来说,2014年是困难重重和极具考验的一年。猪价任性,不按常理出牌,旺季不旺,淡季反升,养殖亏损程度之深历史罕见。本轮猪周期规律反常,最根本的原因是生猪出栏量整体处于高位,市场长期处在供大于求的状态。而随着居民肉食品消费多元化,对猪肉制品需求量也在逐年减少,供大于求的局面早在2011年底就已形成。2013年夏季南方洪灾导致生猪价格上涨,很多养猪户却将这次涨价当作新一轮周期上涨阶段的开始,盲目扩大规模导致生猪供大于求的局面进一步扩大。而2014年下半年能繁母猪存栏量持续下降,将直接影响到2015年生猪出栏量,在需求不变的情况下,供应量减少势必造成价格上涨。     

Effect of housing system, slaughter weight and slaughter strategy on carcass and meat quality, sex organ development and androstenone and skatole levels in Duroc finished entire male pigs

This study aimed at evaluating the effect of housing system (HS), slaughter weight (SW) and strategy (SS) on carcass a nd meat quality, sexual organ development and boar taint in entire males. Twelve pens of 10 pigs were used (two trials). Half of male pens were allowed visual contact with females (MF) and half with males (MM). Half MM or MF were slaughtered at 105 or 130 kg in trial 1, or penwise or by split marketing in trial 2 at 120 kg. Housing system showed no significant effect on carcass or meat quality. MF presented significantly longer testicles and heavier bulbourethral glands compared to MM. The distribution of androstenone and skatole levels was affected by SW but not by HS or SS, samples with androstenone >1 μg/g of the different groups falling within the range of 16 to 22%. All correlations between androstenone and sex organs were significant. Housing system and slaughter strategy did not reduce the risk of boar tainted carcasses.