富硒茶油对小鼠降血脂和抗氧化作用的影响

本试验旨在研究富硒茶油的降血脂、抗氧化功能,为膳食预防和控制高脂血症以及富硒茶油的推广提供借鉴。试验选用40只ICR小鼠随机分为5组:空白组、高脂组、阳性组、富硒茶油组、茶油组。空白组饲喂普通饲料,其余4组饲喂高脂饲料。空白组和高脂组灌胃蒸馏水,富硒茶油组、茶油组和阳性组分别灌胃富硒茶油、普通茶油和药物,9周后测定小鼠体重,肝、肾、脾、附睾脂肪垫质量,血脂水平和肝脏抗氧化指标。结果表明:与高脂组相比,富硒茶油组显著降低了小鼠体重、肝系数和附睾脂肪垫系数(P0.05),茶油组无显著影响(P0.05);富硒茶油组和茶油组对小鼠肾系数和脾系数均无显著影响(P0.05)。与高脂组相比,富硒茶油组显著降低了小鼠甘油三酯和总胆固醇水平(P0.05),茶油组显著降低小鼠甘油三酯水平(P0.05),对总胆固醇水平无显著影响(P0.05);富硒茶油组和茶油组均极显著降低了小鼠低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平和动脉粥样硬化指数(P0.01),富硒茶油组和茶油组对小鼠高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平无显著影响(P0.05)。与高脂组相比,富硒茶油组和茶油组均极显著降低了小鼠肝脏中丙二醛水平(P0.01),极显著提高了肝脏总超氧化物歧化酶及肝脏总抗氧化能力(P0.01),富硒茶油组极显著提高了肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力(P0.01),茶油组显著提高了肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物活力(P0.05)。富硒茶油和普通茶油均有降血脂和抗氧化作用,但富硒茶油效果更好。     

Hypotriglyceridemic effect of dietary vanillin in experimental rats

In view of the well-documented hypocholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic properties of the two bioactive spice compounds—curcumin and capsaicin—vanillin, a structural component of these two compounds was examined for a possible hypolipidemic influence in induced hypercholesterolemic and hypertriglyceridemic rats. A promising hypotriglyceridemic influence of dietary vanillin incorporated at 0.2 mg % level was evidenced in normal as well as in sucrose-induced hypertriglyceridemic rats. Lowering of serum triglyceride was to an extent of 20% and this reduction in serum triglyceride level was essentially seen in the LDL-VLDL fraction. A further study was carried out to examine the vanillin dose versus hypotriglyceridemic effect relationship in high-fat-fed animals. Dietary vanillin produced a significant hypotriglyceridemic effect at all the dietary levels (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/100 g) tested. Lowering of circulatory triglyceride was accompanied by its parallel increase in liver. Vanillin at the two higher doses tested, had a remarkable body weight reducing influence, significantly countering the accumulation of fat in the perirenal adipose tissue.     

知母-三七粉对糖尿病大鼠的降血糖和降血脂作用研究

目的：研究知母-三七粉、知母提取物及三七提取物对四氧嘧啶造模糖尿病大鼠的降血糖和降血脂作用。方法：通过正常动物降糖试验和高血糖模型降糖试验来研究知母-三七粉对的降血糖和降血脂作用,并采用最大给药量试验法评价其急性毒性。结果：正常大鼠降血糖试验表明,知母-三七粉、知母提取物、三七提取物均对正常大鼠的体重及空腹血糖无明显影响(P<0.05)。四氧嘧啶造模的高血糖模型大鼠降血糖试验表明,各剂量组对糖尿病大鼠的体重无明显影响,且均能显著降低糖尿病大鼠的空腹血糖值及餐后血糖值(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,知母-三七粉、知母提取物高剂量组及三七提取物高剂量组的糖化血清蛋白(glycated serum protein, GSP)水平均显著降低(P<0.05),血清胰岛素(serum insulin, INS)含量均显著上升(P<0.05);此外,各剂量组均能降低糖尿病大鼠的总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)水平,同时升高其高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein ch, HD)水平,其中知母-三七粉的效果更加显著。肾脏的病理切片也表明,知母和三七提取物有改善肾脏病变、缓解肾小管肿大的作用。最后,急性毒性试验表明,在观察的14 d内各组小鼠无明显中毒症状、无死亡现象,体重增长正常,解剖未见明显异常。结论：通过实验可以看出知母-三七粉、知母提取物、三七提取物对正常大鼠的体重与空腹血糖无明显影响,对高血糖大鼠表现出良好的降血糖和降血脂作用,且知母-三七粉安全性良好,属于实际无毒级别,为知母-三七粉的开发应用提供一定的理论依据。     

Effects of flavonoid-rich extract from seeds of Eugenia jambolana (L.) on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in diabetic mice

Eugenia jambolana (EJ) is long known for its antidiabetic activities in traditional medicines. The aim of this study was to determine the probable mechanism of action of a flavonoid-rich extract from seeds of EJ on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Various biochemical parameters, e.g. glucose tolerance, lipid profile, glycogen biosynthesis, glucose uptake and insulin release in vivo and in vitro, were significantly improved in the extract-treated diabetic mice. Similarly, differential regulation and expression of glucose homeostatic enzymes, e.g. glucose-6-phosphatase and hexokinase, were also changed significantly in response to the flavonoid-rich extract, which clearly demonstrated the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in treated animals. Further, analysis of the extract using HPLC, demonstrated the presence of different flavonoids and their derivatives which are known for their antidiabetic and antioxidant potential. The data showed that this flavonoid-rich seed extract has a remarkable dual hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect.     

Hypolipidemic study of xylanase-modified corn bran fibre in rats

In order to understand the regulatory effect of xylanase-modified corn bran fibre (XMF) on lipid homeostasis, detailed influences, following the ingestion of XMF and its original form (corn bran dietary fibre, CDF), on serum, liver and faecal lipids were studied in Sprague–Dawley rats. In both CDF and XMF groups, serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly lowered after 4 weeks (p < 0.05). By the end of week 6, data in the XMF group showed that serum LDL-C was lowered further and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly increased (p < 0.05); liver TC, TG and fat were significantly lower (p < 0.05), while the excretions of faecal fat, TC and bile acids were significantly higher (p < 0.05). The decrease of liver and serum lipids in the XMF group was consistent with the improved excretion of faecal lipids and bile acids. Other related mechanisms are also considered.     

苹果渣多糖对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠的降血糖和降血脂作用

通过链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病大鼠,研究苹果渣中粗多糖的降血脂和降血糖活性。当口服800 mg/kg 苹果渣多糖(AP)42d后,糖尿病大鼠的食物和水摄入量以及血糖和胰岛素水平显著降低,肝脏和骨骼肌糖原含量、丙酮酸激酶和己糖激酶浓度明显升高(p<0.01或p<0.05)。总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL-C)水平显著降低,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平显著升高(p<0.01或p<0.05)。此外,肝脏中的氧化应激也得到了恢复。因此,AP可作为治疗糖尿病的功能性食品成分。     

Hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of total flavonoids of Perilla Frutescens leaves in hyperlipidemia rats induced by high-fat diet

The leaves of Perilla frutescens are often used as a new source of additives for the food and pharmaceutical industries due to its unique bioactivities. This study was to evaluate the chemical composition and hyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of total flavonoids of P. frutescens leaves (TFP) in the hyperlipidemia rats induced by a high-fat diet. By HPLC analysis, TFP mainly consisted of apigenin with a smaller amount of luteolin. At doses of 50-200 mg/kg, oral administration of TFP to hyperlipidemia rats was highly effective in decreasing the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerols (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), and adipose tissue lipid accumulation, increasing the levels of serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), adjusting metabolic disturbance of lipoprotein, increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and repressing development of atherosclerosis. It suggested that TFP had significant health benefits and could be explored as a potentially promising food additive for the prevention of hyperlipidemia diseases.