利用微藻技术减排CO2的研究

利用诱变育种技术对用来固定CO2的微藻进行育种,获得耐受高CO2浓度、可高效固定CO2的斜生栅藻突变株WUST—04,其最适宜生长的CO2浓度由诱变前的5％提高到诱变后的15％。在5L的光生物反应器中初步研究了该微藻的固碳工艺。结果表明,在适宜的CO2浓度下,微藻的CO2固定效率提高了17．5％,最大CO2固定效率达1．846g／d·L。     

栅列藻蛋白质提取液促进人子宫颈癌细胞的生长研究

本文采用ＭＴＴ［３（４，５ｄｉｍｅｔｈｙｌｔｈｉａｚｏｌ－２ｙｌ）－２，５ｄｉｐｈｅｎｙｌｔｅｔｒａｚｏｌｉｕｍｂｒｏｍｉｄｅ］快速微量比色技术发现斜生栅列藻（Ｓｃｅｎｅｄｅｓｍｕｓｏｂｌｉｑｕｕｓ）蛋白质提取液可促进动物细胞的生长．在０．５％胎牛血清（ＦＢＳ）的ＲＰＭＩ１６４０培养液中，加入９５μｇ／ｍｌ栅列藻提取液可使人子宫颈癌细胞（ＨｅＬａｃｅｌ）比对照组细胞增殖３倍左右．这种刺激动物细胞生长的活性物质分子量在３５００－８０００道尔顿（ｄａｌｔｏｎｓ）之间，经胰蛋白酶处理或高温处理后均失去活性     

Ball milling improves extractability and antioxidant properties of the active constituents of mushroom Inonotus obliquus powders

Inonotus obliquus has been used as a folk remedy for a long time. An improved method using fine grinding by ball mill was investigated, and the main chemical components and physicochemical properties of Inonotus obliquus powders were analysed. The Inonotus obliquus fine grinding powders were prepared by pulverising the coarse powder with planetary ball mill for different time. The results showed that the yields of polysaccharides increased from 41.08 mg g^?1 (coarse powder) to 319.62 mg g^?1, and the yields of polyphenols were also increased fourfold in ball‐milled powders as compared to the untreated one. Ball‐milled powders showed higher values in the bulk density, angles of repose and slide, water solubility index and swelling capacity (P < 0.05), but lower values in the water‐holding capacity and oil‐holding capacity. The shape and surface morphology of the powders were changed after ball mill treatment. The antioxidant properties of the extracts from ball‐milled powders were significantly improved (P < 0.05). The results will be helpful for the application of Inonotus obliquus in food and pharmaceutical industries.     

Renal Protective Effects of Low Molecular Weight of Inonotus obliquus Polysaccharide (LIOP) on HFD/STZ-Induced Nephropathy in Mice

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress, insulin resistance and pro-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to play an important role in pathogeneses of renal damage on type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Inonotus obliquus (IO) is a white rot fungus that belongs to the family Hymenochaetaceae; it has been used as an edible mushroom and exhibits many biological activities including anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperglycemic properties. Especially the water-soluble Inonotus obliquus polysaccharides (IOPs) have been previously reported to significantly inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines in mice and protect from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In order to identify the nephroprotective effects of low molecular weight of IOP fraction (LIOP), from the fruiting bodies of Inonotus obliquus, high-fat diet (HFD) plus STZ-induced type 2-like diabetic nephropathy C57BL/6 mice were investigated in this study. Our data showed that eight weeks of administration of 10–100 kDa, LIOP (300 mg/kg) had progressively increased their sensitivity to glucose (less insulin tolerance), reduced triglyceride levels, elevated the HDL/LDL ratio and decreased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(ACR) compared to the control group. By pathological and immunohistochemical examinations, it was indicated that LIOP can restore the integrity of the glomerular capsules and increase the numbers of glomerular mesangial cells, associated with decreased expression of TGF-β on renal cortex in mice. Consistently, three days of LIOP (100 μg/mL) incubation also provided protection against STZ + AGEs-induced glucotoxicity in renal tubular cells (LLC-PK1), while the levels of NF-κB and TGF-β expression significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings demonstrate that LIOP treatment could ameliorate glucolipotoxicity-induced renal fibrosis, possibly partly via the inhibition of NF-κB/TGF-β1 signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy mice.     

析因设计优化桦褐孔菌液体发酵培养基

采用部分析因试验,从碳源、氮源以及5种常用无机盐共计7个因素中,选取了4个显著影响桦褐孔菌生长的主要因素,研究其对菌丝生物量的影响;采用正交设计优化这4个主要因素的组合,得到桦褐孔菌的最佳液体发酵培养基,配方为玉米粉3.0%、黄豆粉1.5%、磷酸氢二钾0.15%、硫酸镁0.1%。     

Daily doses of light in relation to the growth of Scenedesmus obliquus in diluted three‐phase olive mill wastewater

BACKGROUND: The use of olive‐oil mill wastewater (OMW) from a three‐phase centrifugation process used in the olive‐oil industry, has been studied in relation to the production of the microalga Scenedesmus obliquus CCAP 276/3A. The chemical characteristics of OMW indicated nitrogen deficiency. RESULTS: S. obliquus is able to assimilate nutrients present in a culture medium (water‐OMW 5%) and grow at its maximum specific growth rate of 0.026 h^?1, both under mixotrophic as well as heterotrophic conditions. The different daily doses of light (DDL) used, in the range 0–36 E m^?2 d^?1, determined light‐limited and light‐inhibited cultures. The light‐inhibited mixotrophic cultures bore characteristics similar to those of the heterotrophic cultures, and became more so when the dose of light received was higher. The low protein yield (258 mg g^?1) and high percentage of carbohydrates of the biomass (65.8%) confirmed a nutritional‐stress situation associated with nitrogen limitation. CONCLUSION: The similarity between the fatty‐acid composition of the heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultures strongly inhibited by light appeared to indicate the cancelling of the photosynthetic behaviour of the cells at high DDL values. The biomass generated can be used for biofuels. The maximum elimination of biological oxygen demand (BOD₅) per unit of biomass was achieved in the heterotrophic cultures. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

辐照处理对桦褐孔菌多糖抗疲劳作用的影响

目的:研究经过辐照处理的桦褐孔菌多糖对小鼠的抗疲劳作用.方法:用60Co-γ射线进行辐照,得到5、10、20、30 kGy辐照剂量和未辐照的桦褐孔菌菌粉制得多糖.分为对照组、辐照高中低剂量组和未辐照高剂量组,对雄性昆明种小鼠进行四周连续灌胃,测定小鼠爬杆、力竭游泳时间,肝糖原(LG)、肌糖原(MG)、全血乳酸(BLA)...     

大孔树脂纯化桦褐孔菌多酚及其成分分析

采用大孔吸附树脂对桦褐孔菌多酚进行纯化,并采用高效液相色谱-电喷雾-质谱（high performance liquidchromatography-electrosprary ionization-mass spectrometry,HPLC-ESI-MS）技术对桦褐孔菌多酚纯化物进行分离鉴定分析。实验结果表明,D101树脂不仅静态吸附量、吸附率最大,且解吸性能优良,适合分离纯化桦褐孔菌多酚。最佳纯化工艺条件为上样质量浓度1.0 mg/mL、上样流速1.0 mL/min、洗脱液乙醇溶液体积分数70%、洗脱流速1.0 mL/min,在此条件下,其纯度由16.52%提高到了49.77%;根据HPLC-ESI-MS检测分析结果推测桦褐孔菌多酚中含有9 种物质,分别为无色花色素、花旗松素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷、仙茅苷、像黄素-3-O-己糖苷、7-木糖苷儿茶酚、雪胆素乙、桔皮素、儿茶素、芦丁。     

响应面法优化桦褐孔菌胞外多糖发酵条件

为了获得更多的桦褐孔菌胞外多糖,以单因素摇瓶实验和响应面分析对药用真菌桦褐孔菌培养基进行了优化,确定了优化培养基(g/L):玉米糖化液21. 1,可溶性淀粉22. 3,酵母浸粉5. 1、蛋白胨4. 1、KH2PO42、MgSO40. 5,起始pH为6. 0.在优化条件下,研究了0～12d,桦褐孔菌发酵pH、还原糖、胞外粗多糖,生物量的变化情况.摇瓶发酵结果表明,整个过程中pH变化不明显,生物量先增后趋于稳定,于6 d达最大值11. 35 g/L,胞外粗多糖先降后升又降,在7d达最大3. 85 g/L.     

桦褐孔菌子实体与菌丝体三萜化合物提取及活性比较研究

为探索桦褐孔菌菌丝体与子实体在药用价值上是否存在差别,采用有机溶剂冷浸、超声回流法提取桦褐孔菌菌丝体及子实体的三萜化合物,通过薄层层析和红外光谱分析,确定两种来源的三萜化合物是相同或近似的同系物。四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT)和杯碟法测定两种来源三萜化合物对癌细胞和细菌的抑制作用,菌丝体三萜化合物对人胃癌细胞株MGC-803的最高抑制率可达到38.27%。结果证实人工培养的桦褐孔菌菌丝体同样具有子实体的药用价值,为人工培养桦褐孔菌菌丝体提供了依据。