当代苏南城市公园空间的地域个性营建

在多元理念介入的现代风景园林中,城市公园呈现出鲜明时代特征的同时也面临着园林空间个性的缺失。苏南各地公园凭借着深厚的造园根基和人文内涵,在景观营建上拥有深远的意境,丰富的空间,精致的建构和素雅的色彩,在中国当代公园建设中形成了富有个性的地域特色。     

美国城市公园和开放空间发展策略及其对我国的借鉴

通过对当今美国城市公园和开放空间发展现状问题，以及正在实施中的发展策略的研究和介绍，主要阐述了当前美国在发展城市公园和开放空间中，在土地利用、开发管理模式以及公园规划设计和维护方面的一些方法，以期对我国公园和开放空间的发展，有一定的借鉴作用。     

英国苏格兰国家公园管理模式研究

苏格兰国家公园的管理理念是英国国家公园理念的继承和发展,其资源管理、社会经济管理和旅游管理三大目标的可持续发展构成了国家公园管理目标的核心。以凯恩戈姆山为代表的国家公园的管理模式体现在协同管理的机构设置、愿景共享的伙伴关系和目标分解的规划体系。归纳出苏格兰与我国建立国家公园管理制度的历史阶段相似、人类活动对国家公园资源改造影响较大、不同利益主体对于保护地利益冲突都较大的特点,以期解决我国建立国家公园管理制度所面对的“一与多”“左与右”“公与众”“存与用”“前与后”“内与外”“上与下”等问题提供解决思路和借鉴。     

Planning for Areas Adjacent to National Parks in Victoria

Threats to national parks from development outside their boundaries are increasing especially on the urban fringe. This article examines the threats in Victoria and the USA. It looks at what has been done so far by town planners in Victoria to combat these threats. Various measures such as the use of siting and design guidelines, conservation covenants and agreements, zoning controls and the role of state and local government legislation are discussed. The article goes on to suggest what could be done. It discusses the importance of having buffer zones around parks in which the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources would become a statutory referral authority. The problems of defining the buffer zone and administering it are also discussed. The author calls for more co-operation between state and local government authorities to reduce these threats. How America handles these threats is also mentioned.     

Children’s Parks in Lisbon’s urban spaces: a childhood education and assistance programme during the Portuguese dictatorial regime (1933–1974)

This article deals with how a female member of the elite from the period of the Portuguese dictatorial regime (1933–1974) used Lisbon’s gardens to implement a free childhood education and assistance programme for poor children – the Children’s Parks programme. The Children’s Parks were located in some of Lisbon’s most attractive gardens, housed in pavilions that were directly connected to outdoor spaces. These spaces responded to the educational purposes of the programme, based on the importance of leisure and play activities in outdoor spaces and linked to children’s moral, social, and physical development. In considering the living conditions experienced by children within the context of the Portuguese dictatorship, and by highlighting the way in which these were reflected at the level of architecture and the urban space, the paper seeks to contribute towards an understanding of the place of the child in the history of architecture and urbanism. Besides reflecting the social and educational identity of the project, the urban and architectural settings of the programme were crucial for its success. The interpretation of this case provides a basis for reflecting on the historical and current significance of children’s spaces, and for examining a number of social, educational, architectural, and urban questions.     

营养盐对球等鞭金藻生长及多糖等生化成分含量的影响

通过研究营养盐浓度对球等鞭金藻生长及其细胞生化成分含量的影响，探讨了球等鞭金藻细胞生长与其细胞内多糖、叶绿素、蛋白质营养成分的关系。结果表明，所选用的4种营养盐在一定的浓度范围内均对球等鞭金藻的生长和细胞生化成分有很大的影响，这4种营养盐的适宜浓度依次为NaNO_3-N10mg／L、FeCl_3-Fe0.10mg／L、KH_2PO_4-P0.6mg／L、Na_2SiO_3-Si0.3mg／L。     

基于集对分析的长三角城市公园与人口协调性研究

城市公园与人口协调发展是长三角人 居环境高质量发展的重要表征。基于集对分析 中的同异反联系度和集对势的协调评价模型对 2006—2019年长三角市际公园与人口协调性进 行了评价。结果显示：整体上公园与人口两系统 呈正向发展态势,协调程度趋好,但稳定性较 弱;各协调类型城市公园与人口系统内部差异较 大,公园系统协调性总体优于人口系统协调性, 公园总量、公园格局、人口生活水平因子协调影 响力强;时序上“一核五圈”城市群公园与人口 协调能力保持正向发展态势,空间上圈层之间协 调能力杭州、宁波都市圈领先、上海较差。研究 可为长三角公园系统的优化、人地协调状况的 平衡以及城镇化的健康发展提供理论指导。     

城市综合体中公共空间设计的分析——以日本难波公园、六本木新城为例

随着我国城市化的进程,集多种功能于一体的城市综合体逐渐成为城市中心区的主要组成部分,给城市带来了特有的物质与文化景观,并为人们提供了更多的购物娱乐休闲空间。然而目前国内大部分城市建筑群体项目只做到集约化和效益最大化,忽略了自身对城市公共空间的积极作用。该文通过对国外城市综合体案例的公共空间的分析,总结其特点,阐述其对城市公共空间的重要贡献,以期为我国的城市综合体公共空间的发展提供参考。     

生物反应器培养金藻生产生物柴油技术初探

本实验将金藻用生物反应器在实验室条件下进行培养,并初步优化了乙醚石油醚法从一种金藻中提取油脂的方法。金藻中富含油脂,实验研究得出,用无水乙醚和石油醚混合溶剂在体积比2：1、温度20℃[1]、提纯时间5h以上的实验条件下萃取海藻中的脂肪质量最高。皂化过程选取甲醇作为溶剂要明显优于以乙醇作为溶剂的结果,实验确定采用KOH一甲醇作为皂化试剂。     

The changes produced in the electrical resistance of vacuum-condensed films of neodymium and praseodymium when they react with hydrogen and with air

When thin films of vacuum-condensed praseodymium and neodymium are exposed to hydrogen or to air the electrical resistance changes owing to the chemical reactions which occur. The progress of the reactions was studied by means of the resistance changes which occur and by means of electron diffraction.At room temperature, neodymium reacted less readily with hydrogen than did praseodymium and the reaction rate for both metals increased with increasing temperatures. The phases formed in the various experiments ranged from the double h.c.p. structure of the metals to the high resistance cubic structure of the hydrides LnH_x with x approaching 3. Cubic and hexagonal Nd₂O₃ formed when the specimens were strongly heated by the beam of the electron microscope.Exposure to air caused the films to oxidize. Thin films approximately 250 Å thick became insulators but the oxide layer formed on thicker films protected the interior of a given film from rapid oxidation so that the film did not become an insulator.