积雪草多糖的脱脂工艺研究

为优选并确立积雪草的最佳脱脂工艺,考察积雪草不同脱脂溶剂对多糖得率和脱脂率的影响,通过单因素试验和正交试验对脱脂工艺进行优化.最佳脱脂工艺为：料液比（g/mL）1∶10,乙醚-乙醇溶液（V乙醚∶V乙醇=2∶3）在35℃下脱脂6h.在此脱脂方案下,积雪草多糖平均得率为2.69％（n=5）,RSD为2.23％,脱脂率为15.87％（n=5）.该脱脂方案稳定,可使多糖得率更高.     

Effects of pretreatment and drying methods on molecular structure,functional properties and thermal stability of fibre powder exhibiting colour from Centella asiatica L.

Effects of pretreatment and drying methods and particle size on characteristics of fibre powder from Centella asiatica L. leaves were investigated. Thermal stability of oil‐based colour solutions was also assessed. Steaming and combined steaming and alkaline soaking resulted in the powder with more greenness and higher chlorophylls contents, while combined steaming and acid soaking yielded dark yellow powder with lower chlorophylls contents. Chemical soaking led to the powder with decreased water holding capacity and solubility. Vacuum‐drying reduced chlorophylls degradation, hence retention of the greenness of the powder. Increased particle size resulted in decreased lightness of the powder, but in increased lightness of the solutions; water and oil holding capacities of the powder increased with the particle size. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the powder corresponded to its colour and functional property changes. Colour of the solutions changed only slightly upon heating at 80 and 180 °C for 1 h.     

沙果多酚的提取及组成分析

采用水浴振荡辅助乙醇提取法提取沙果果干中的总多酚,对提取工艺进行优化并分析了沙果果干中的多酚种类。通过正交试验优化出沙果青果的最佳提取工艺:乙醇体积分数50%,料液比1∶25(g∶mL),水浴振荡时间50 min,水浴振荡温度30℃,此条件下多酚得率可达(7.875±0.008)mg/g;沙果熟果的最佳提取工艺:乙醇体积分数60%,料液比1∶25(g∶mL),水浴振荡时间30 min,水浴振荡温度40℃,此条件下多酚得率可达(10.259±0.020)mg/g。液相色谱分析表明:沙果青果多酚主要含有4种多酚,分别为绿原酸22.033%、原花青素B_(2)8.875%、表儿茶素5.95%和根皮苷1.259%,这4种多酚占总多酚的38.117%;沙果熟果除含有上述4种多酚(分别为41.0758%、5.6413%、8.3252%、0.4998%),还含有(+)-儿茶素(7.2444%),这5种多酚占总多酚的62.7865%,沙果中仍有大部分未知多酚未检出。沙果熟果多酚种类及含量高于青果,营养价值更丰富。     

Topical formulation of a new plant extract complex with refirming properties. Clinical and non-invasive evaluation in a double-blind trial

We tested an OTC formulation versus placebo in a double-blind trial to evaluate its ability to improve elasticity and firmness of the skin. The clinical non-invasive evaluation in 20 volunteers shows: 1. No adverse reactions such as itching or irritation 2. Efficacy and cosmetic acceptibility of the test cream 3. An increase in electrical capacitance (moisture content) even though without statistical significance. This result is not surprising because the patients had healthy skin and were relatively young (aged 20-25) 4. A very significant improvement in the biomechanical properties (extensibility and firmness) of the skin. This increase was statistically significant (P < 0.02) The main components of the cream (boswellic acids, Sylibin and Centella asiatica extracts) were formulated as complexes with lyso-phospholipids and soya bean non-saponifiable lipids.     

薇菜天然复配保鲜剂配方的优化及其对薇菜贮藏期生理指标的影响

为了保持薇菜的品质,延长其货架期,本实验以薇菜为研究对象,在单因素实验的基础上采用L₉(3⁴)正交试验考察三种天然保鲜剂茶多酚、川陈皮素、壳聚糖复配对薇菜感官品质、叶绿素含量、V_C含量的影响。结果表明,筛选出的复合保鲜剂配方为茶多酚0.8 g/L、川陈皮素2.5 g/L、壳聚糖2 g/L。与不添加保鲜剂的薇菜相比,该配方对于能够提升薇菜的感官品质,维持薇菜的叶绿素、V_C、可溶性糖含量,对多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性具有抑制作用,在4 ℃条件下较未用保鲜剂处理的薇菜能延长5~7 d贮藏时间。     

Modulation of Lipid Metabolism by Centella Asiatica in Oxidative Stress Rats

ABSTRACT:  A study was carried out to investigate the effects of Centella asiatica leaf on lipid metabolism of oxidative stress rats. The rats were fed 0.1% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) with either 0.3% (w/w) C. asiatica extract, 5% C. asiatica powder (w/w), or 0.3% (w/w) α-tocopherol for 25 wk. Results of the study showed that C. asiatica powder significantly ( P < 0.05) lowered serum low-density lipoprotein compared to that of control rats (rats fed H₂O₂ only). At the end of the study C. asiatica -fed rats were also found to have significantly ( P < 0.05) higher high-density lipoprotein and lower triglyceride level compared to rats fed only normal diet. However, cholesterol level of rats fed both C. asiatica extract and powder was found to be significantly ( P < 0.05) higher compared to that of control rats. It was interesting to note that consumption of C. asiatica significantly decreased body and liver weights of the rats. Histological examinations revealed no obvious changes in all rats studied. Quantitative analysis of C. asiatica leaf revealed high concentration of total phenolic compounds, in particular, catechin, quercetin, and rutin.     

分子荧光法分别测定4种野生可食植物中的色氨酸和酪氨酸

为建立分别测定食品中酪氨酸和色氨酸的新方法,选择郑州地区的贼小豆、续断菊、车前草、火棘果野生植物为样品,以6mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液水解,用分子荧光法进行测定。结果表明:在不同的酸度条件下,样品中色氨酸和酪氨酸测定的质量分数均值分别为1.37～2.63mg/g和7.98～25.83mg/g。相对标准偏差不大于5.4%,色氨酸在实验浓度范围内线性良好,方法检出限为0.011μg/mL、定量限为0.037μg/mL,回收率为93.5%～105%;酪氨酸在实验浓度范围内线性良好,方法检出限为0.033μg/mL,定量限为0.11μg/mL,回收率为94.6%～100.5%。该方法操作简便、灵敏、快速,可为食品新资源的开发提供科学参考,有一定的应用价值。     

Antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of fermented Centella asiatica herbal teas

BACKGROUND: C. asiatica was exposed to various fermentations: no fermentation (0 min), partial fermentation (120 min) and full fermentation (24 h). Total phenolic content (TPC) and ferric‐reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of C. asiatica infusions were studied as a function of water temperature (60, 80 or 100 °C), the brewing stage (one, two or three) and the brewing time (1, 3, 5, 10, 15 or 20 min). The optimum brewing procedure was adopted to study the antioxidant properties and phenolic compounds in C. asiatica infusions. RESULTS: The optimum extraction efficiency of C. asiatica infusions was achieved at 100 °C after a 10 min brewing time, and decreased substantially after applying multiple brewing steeps. However, no significant different was found between the second and third infusions. The non‐fermented C. asiatica (CANF) infusion had the highest antioxidant activity. Gallic acid, naringin, chlorogenic acid, catechin, rutin, rosmarinic acid and quercetin were identified to present. Luteolin and kaempferol were only found in 80% methanol extraction method. CONCLUSION: C. asiatica herbal teas should be prepared at 100 °C for 10 min to obtain the optimum antioxidant capacity. Multiple brewing steps in C. asiatica herbal tea are encouraged due to the certain amount of antioxidant obtained. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry