Combination of heat treatment and chitosan coating to improve postharvest quality of wolfberry (Lycium barbarum)

The synergistic application of hot water dip at 42 °C for 30 min and 1% chitosan coating on differentiation in postharvest quality traits, microstructure as well as microbiological evolution of wolfberry fruits was investigated. Fresh wolfberry fruits were stored at 2 ± 0.5 °C and 90% relative humidity (RH) for 28 days. Results indicated the combination of prestorage heat treatment and chitosan coating maintained higher levels of ascorbic acid, total phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity as well as lower decay, compared with untreated wolfberry fruits. The possible mechanism was that the heat treatment almost sealed open stomata to limit the sites of pathogen penetration into fruits independently, followed by the biofilm formed by chitosan which controlled secondary infections as well as slowed changes in fruit respiration and metabolic activity in wolfberries. The synergistically treated fruit also exhibited a higher acceptability obtained by sensory analysis after cold storage. In this sense, the integrated application of heat treatment and chitosan coating could be regarded as an effective strategy to extend storage life and maintain the postharvest quality of wolfberry fruits.     

枸杞发酵液的抗衰老活性和皮肤安全性研究

采用枸杞为原料,德氏乳杆菌为菌种进行发酵获得枸杞发酵液。对枸杞发酵液的生理生化性质与成分进行检测,通过自由基清除实验与成纤维细胞增殖实验对枸杞发酵液的抗衰老活性进行检测,利用人体斑贴实验对枸杞发酵液的安全性进行评估。实验结果表明,枸杞发酵液为黏稠弱酸性液体,主要成分是多糖,具有较强的清除DPPH自由基和羟自由基的能力,在一定体积分数内可促进成纤维细胞增殖。     

不同产地枸杞干果品质的差异性研究

本文主要对南梁、惠农、固原、中宁、内蒙、甘肃、青海、新疆八个产地的枸杞干果理化成分的差异显著性做了研究,从而综合比较了八个产地枸杞品质的差异。分别测定了其7种理化成分和3种活性成分,并做了方差分析、显著性分析(LSD)、加权得分和聚类分析。结果表明,各产地枸杞综合加权得分分值大小及品质高低顺序依次为:中宁7.3>南梁5.1>新疆4.8>惠农4.5>甘肃3.8>青海3.7>内蒙3.6>固原3.2;银川南梁和惠农的枸杞品质与中宁的枸杞非常接近,故优质枸杞中心仍然在宁夏,但是地点已呈现由中宁往南梁、惠农等地转移的趋势。     

醋酸催化下枸杞多糖的硒化修饰及抗肿瘤活性

制备硒化枸杞多糖,初步了解其结构及体外抗肿瘤活性。利用亚硒酸钠对枸杞多糖进行修饰,通过将无机硒转化为有机硒,为得到高含硒量的枸杞多糖进行探索,找出最佳反应条件为:2mL冰醋酸作为催化试剂,硒化试剂硒酸钠用量为2g,室温下反应时间48h。通过紫外光谱、红外光谱分析,并进行了体外抗肿瘤的初步试验研究。结果:确定了硒化枸杞多糖的分子结构中存在亚硒酸基团,人宫颈癌细胞抑制率可达到26.1%。硒化枸杞多糖对人宫颈癌细胞存在一定的抑制作用。     

超声波辅助复合酶法提取枸杞多糖工艺研究

以枸杞为试验材料,研究了超声波辅助复合酶（脂肪酶/蛋白酶/纤维素酶/果胶酶=1:1:1:1）提取枸杞多糖的工艺条件。以枸杞多糖得率为评价指标,通过正交试验确定了最佳提取条件为料液比1∶40（g∶mL）,提取温度50 ℃,超声时间50 min,复合酶添加量0.5%。在此最佳条件下,枸杞多糖平均得率为58.910%。     

黑果枸杞酵素发酵前后主要成分分析及其体外抗氧化活性研究

为了分析不同原料配比黑果枸杞酵素发酵前后主要成分及其体外抗氧化活性变化。以4种黑果枸杞酵素(XD、GD、XF和GF)为原料,对发酵前后的理化成分、活性成分、有机酸类型和含量及其体外抗氧化活性进行了分析与比较。结果表明,经过90 d发酵后,XD、GD、XF和GF的可滴定酸、总黄酮、总酚含量和SOD酶活性均上升;总糖、还原糖、pH值、总蛋白质和花青素含量均下降;XD、GD和XF中淀粉酶活性均升高,而GF中淀粉酶活性有所下降;XD、GD和GF中有机酸总量均上升,而XF中有机酸总量有所减少。发酵完成后,XD、GD、XF、GF中有机酸种类分别有12、13、12、12种,主要以乳酸、琥珀酸、醋酸为主;并且4种酵素的DPPH自由基清除能力、总抗氧化能力、羟自由基清除能力和还原力均表现出剂量依赖效应。因此,黑果枸杞酵素经自然发酵之后,品质良好,并具有很好的抗氧化活性,可为今后黑果枸杞酵素的开发提供理论支撑。     

4种天然物质抗氧化能力的研究

为研究单宁、人参皂苷、枸杞多糖、虾青素4种天然物质的抗氧化能力,测定4种天然物质的自由基清除能力、金属离子螯合能力、总还原能力、脂质抗氧化能力等体外抗氧化能力指标。结果表明:在质量浓度0.2 mg/mL～1.0 mg/mL,单宁清除DPPH、ABTS+自由基能力及其总还原能力、脂质抗氧化能力、螯合金属离子能力最强;人参皂苷清除超氧阴离子自由基的能力最强;枸杞多糖在质量浓度0.2 mg/mL～0.8 mg/mL对羟基自由基清除能力最强,虾青素清除DPPH自由基能力在0.6 mg/mL～1.0 mg/mL高于人参皂苷及枸杞多糖。经主成分分析,单宁的DPPH、ABTS+自由基清除能力及总还原能力、金属离子螯合能力较好。虾青素的DPPH自由基清除能力,人参皂苷清除超氧阴离子自由基能力较好,枸杞多糖的羟基自由基清除能力及总还原能力较好。     

Lycium barbarum polysaccharide inhibits the proliferation of HeLa cells by inducing apoptosis

BACKGROUND: Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), isolated with boiling water from the famous Chinese medicinal herb Lycium barbarum fruits, is one of the most important functional constituents in Lycium barbarum. In this study the effects of LBP on cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa cells) were investigated. RESULTS: LBP could inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cells by changing cell cycle distribution and inducing apoptosis. In addition, the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψ_m) was observed by flow cytometry and the increase of intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration was detected by laser scanning confocal microscope in apoptotic cells. At the same time, the nitric oxide content, nitric oxide synthase and inducible nitric oxide synthase activities were also increased. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect of LBP on the proliferation of HeLa cells was caused by inducing apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. The results showed that LBP can be developed as a potential chemotherapeutic agent candidate against human cervical cancer. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry