Lipozyme RM IM脂肪酶催化苦瓜籽油和癸酸合成功能性油脂

以苦瓜籽油为原料,利用癸酸在脂肪酶Lipozyme RM IM的催化下进行结构修饰,来降低苦瓜籽油中桐酸的含量。选取底物物质的量的比、加酶量、反应温度、反应时间为影响因素,采用响应面分析法进行反应条件优化,得最佳反应条件为底物物质的量的比(苦瓜籽油:癸酸)=1:4、加酶量(占底物质量的质量分数)12.5%、反应温度60℃、反应时间14.8h。在此最优反应条件下得到的新油脂中癸酸含量为47.12%,同时桐酸含量由反应前苦瓜籽油中的56.17%降为25.46%。     

苦瓜皂甙柱提取工艺的研究

用一种新的提取方法--柱提取法提取苦瓜总皂甙,详细讨论了各工艺参数对提取苦瓜皂甙得率的影响,在单因素实验的基础上进行了正交实验,优化了工艺参数.又在Matlab软件对流出曲线进行拟合和积分处理得到了较好的结果,并在此基础上,最终确定了最佳提取工艺条件为:提取溶剂70%的工业酒精、提取温度75℃、流速4.5BV/h、柱提取220min,皂甙得率为4.198%.     

罗汉果植物保健饮料的研制

以罗汉果为主要原料研制罗汉果植物保健饮料。通过正交试验和感官评价的方法确定该饮料的最佳配方为：罗汉果提取物2.0g/L、枸杞提取物1.4g/L、决明子提取物1.2g/L、杭白菊提取物6g/L、白砂糖40g/L。以离心沉淀率为指标证实添加0.15%的果胶该饮料的稳定性最佳。分光光度法检测该饮料中有效罗汉果苷的含量为8.6mg/L。该罗汉果植物保健饮料的感官指标、理化指标和微生物指标均符合国家标准。     

Structure Identification of Triacylglycerols in the Seed Oil of Momordica Charantia L. Var. Abbreviata Ser.

Triacylglycerols (TGs) in the seed oil of Momordica charantia L. var. abbreviata Ser. (MCV) were separated by non-aqueous reversed-phase (NARP)-HPLC. Many of the TGs contain two different fatty acyl chains, such as palmitic (P), stearic (S), oleic (O), linoleic (L), and conjugated linolenic acid (CLn). Seven pairs of AAB/ABA-type TGs might present in the seed oil of MCV, namely CLnCLnP/CLnPCLn, CLnCLnS/CLnSCLn, CLnCLnO/CLnOCLn, CLnCLnL/CLnLCLn, SSCLn/SCLnS, OOCLn/OCLnO and LLCLn/LCLnL. The positional isomers of a AAB/ABA-type TGs pair yielded mass spectra showing a significant difference in relative abundance ratios of the fragment ions [AA]⁺ to [AB]⁺, which were produced by preferred losses of the fatty acid from the 1/3-position compared to the 2-position of the glycerol backbone. The precise stereospecific structures of the predominant regioisomers of TGs in AAB/ABA pairs were identified by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) according to the special relative abundance ratios of the fragment ions [AA]⁺ to [AB]⁺. TGs with CLn occupying the sn-2 position in seven pairs of AAB/ABA might be major constituents of the oil, such as CLnCLnS, LCLnL, CLnCLnP, and so on. Some of the TGs which were isolated and collected as fractions from the seed oil of MCV by NARP-HPLC were further analyzed by ¹³C-NMR. ¹³C-NMR data of type-AAA TGs containing α-eleostearic acyl have been complemented.     

Optimization of the production of Momordica charantia L. Var. abbreviata Ser. protein hydrolysates with hypoglycemic effect using Alcalase

Momordica charantia L. Var. abbreviata Ser. protein was hydrolyzed using six different proteases. The results showed Alcalase 2.4L to have the best hydrolyzing capacity, followed by Pancreatin. In addition, Alcalase hydrolysate had stronger hypoglycemic effect than that of Pancreatin hydrolysate at the same dose. Alcalase was chosen to produce M. charantia L. Var. abbreviata Ser. protein hydrolysates (MCPHs) with hypoglycemic effect. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the hydrolysis conditions using Alcalase. Model equation was proposed with regard to the effect of enzyme/substrate ratio, pH and temperature. The optimum values for enzyme/substrate ratio, pH and temperature were found to be 2.37%, 9.2 and 57 °C respectively.     

新型苦瓜保健饮料的制作工艺研究

苦瓜不但营养丰富,而且具有很大的药用价值和保健作用。以苦瓜与蔗糖为原料,研制出一种口味独特、具有一定保健效果的饮料,并重点介绍了苦瓜保健饮料的工艺流程。     

Identification of triterpenoid feeding deterrent of red pumpkin beetles (Aulacophora foveicollis) fromMomordica charantia

The triterpenoids isolated from the leaves ofMomordica charantia Linn (bitter gourd) were found to elicit feeding-deterrent activity against red pumpkin beetles (Aulacophora foveicollis Lucas). The most abundant triterpenoid which deterred feeding was identified as momordicine II, 23-O--glucopyranoside of 3,7,23-trihydroxycucurbita-5,24-dien-19-al. A concentration of 3200g/ml and above of the triterpenoids caused significant reduction of feeding by red pumpkin beetles in in vitro bioassay experiments, which compared favorably with the levels of triterpenoids inM. charantia leaves found in nature.     

小分子苦瓜多糖MCPⅡa的纯化及结构分析

利用酶解结合水溶醇沉提取水溶性的苦瓜多糖（Momordica charantia polysaccharide,MCP）,经Sevag法除蛋白、DEAE-纤维素离子交换、Sephadex G-100凝胶过滤获得活性多糖MCPⅡa。由高效凝胶渗透色谱检测可知MCPⅡa为均一多糖,平均分子质量为13.0 kD,单糖组分分析显示其单糖组成为鼠李糖、半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖、木糖和阿拉伯糖（各组分物质的量比为12∶3.05∶19.89∶5.95∶56）。傅里叶红外光谱、核磁共振及刚果红实验发现其存在C1、C2、C3、C5连接,在水溶液中具有稳定的β-三股螺旋构象,扫描电镜下显示其为菱形晶体颗粒。