基于白光干涉、扫描电镜及色差仪的不同留皮度粳米外观特征研究（网络首发、推荐阅读）

通过测定不同留皮度粳米的白光干涉图像、扫描电镜图片及白度、透过度、精白度、L值、a值及b值变化研究,分析不同留皮度粳米外观形貌特征变化。研究表明：米粒两侧粒面皮层首先被碾磨,米粒腹部和背部较难碾磨;样品表面根均方高度Sq值即表面粗糙度随着留皮度减小,先增加后减少;糙米种皮、糊粉层及胚乳细胞结构,随着留皮度减少,逐层被碾磨;样品白度、透过度、精白度、L值均逐渐增加,a值及b值逐渐减少。     

色差计基本原理及其在文物修复作色中的实际应用

作色是文物修复中的一个重要环节.介绍了色差计的工作原理和颜料的测色调色原理,并在文物修复作色当中进行了实际应用.试验表明色差计的应用能提高作色的准确程度和效率.     

Tristimulus colorimeter calibration matrix uncertainties

Measurement uncertainties are propagated through the matrix calibration of a tristimulus colorimeter. It is shown that reference spectral uncertainties and the colorimeter signal uncertainties during calibration are simply scaled and combined in an applied measurement. Modeling shows that transforming x, y chromaticity and Y luminance can lead to lower chromaticity uncertainties than transforming X, Y, Z tristimulus signals themselves. Accuracy depends on the set of colours used for calibration, especially for measurements of displays. Uncertainties can be large and dominate errors due to accuracy of spectral matching to the CIE colour‐matching functions. This is particularly true if commision international de L'Eclariage (CIE) Lab values are to be derived. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 38, 251–258, 2013     

Spectral characterization and color correction of display colorimeters

Abstract— Tristimulus colorimeters commit systematic errors due to their imperfect realization of the CIE color‐matching functions. A method is proposed to characterize display colorimeters in a single session using a monochromator independently of any display. Colorimeter spectral responsivity functions are obtained that then serve to predict correction matrices for all the possible displays. Experiments show that this can be done with sufficient accuracy to meet practical requirements.     

THE MEASUREMENT OF BEER AND WORT COLOUR — A NEW APPROACH

A new method of beer and wort colour measurement is described. This uses the principle of tristimulus colour measurement. The results show excellent correlation with those obtained using the comparator disc method. Tristimulus colour measurement is now in routine use in nineteen locations within Whitbread and has become the standard colour measurement methodology.     

水泥色度若干影响因素的定量分析

试验研究了水泥比表面积以及水泥中矿渣粉、粉煤灰、石灰石粉和窑灰掺入量对水泥色度的影响。结果表明,多数的影响因素与水泥色度的L、a、b值均存在显著的相关关系。使用一元线性回归得到了这些因素对水泥色度影响的定量关系。     

光谱颜色测量的不确定度评定方法

对光谱颜色测量进行不确定度评定是评价其测量结果准确性的最好方法。首先根据ISO规定的不确定度评定方法,基于上述影响光谱颜色测量不确定度的因素对光谱反射率不确定度的评定方法进行了分析,确定了光谱反射率的A类和B类不确定度的计算方法,再基于光谱反射率不确定度和相关系数研究色度值不确定度的计算方法。最后用实验对光谱颜色测量结果的不确定度的应用性进行分析。     

彩色成像亮度计用于显示测量及其不确定度分析

彩色成像亮度计能在几秒钟之内一次完成数以万计个物点的测量,因此它非常适合于测量显示器的亮度、颜色及其分布.分析了彩色成像亮度计测量 CRT 和 LCD 显示器的不确定度,主要分析了光谱失配所引入的不确定度,结果表明系统响应的光谱失配造成了较大的测量不确定度.介绍了一种应用于彩色成像亮度计测量 CRT 和 LCD 显示器的光谱校正方法,结果表明这种校正方法能有效减少测量不确定度.     

Influence of the degree of polymerisation in the ability of catechins to act as anthocyanin copigments

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the degree of polymerisation of flavanols in their ability to act as anthocyanin copigments. With this aim, ethyl-bridged catechin derivatives were produced by reaction between catechin and acetaldehyde. Further fractionation in Toyopearl HW-40 allowed the separation of five fractions of increasing molecular size containing mixtures of compounds in the range from monomers to hexamers as established by LC-MS. The copigmentation assays were carried out in citrate-phosphate buffer solutions in 12% ethanol at pH 3.6, using malvidin 3-O-glucoside as pigment and increasing concentrations of the different catechin fractions to obtain copigment to pigment ratios ranging 0:1–20:1. Copigmentation was assessed from the modifications in the visible spectra of the solutions; chromatic analysis in the CIELAB colour space was used to characterise the copigmentation effect. It was found that all the compounds assayed were able to interact with the anthocyanin and induced changes in the colour of the solutions. The greatest effect was induced by oligomers containing 2–3 elementary catechin units, whereas monomers were the poorest anthocyanin copigments among the compounds checked. An interesting observation was that the formation of the copigmentation complexes was not and immediate process, but it required some time to attain the equilibrium, suggesting that the phenomenon was controlled thermodynamically rather than kinetically.     

一种实用的白度颜色测定仪

介绍一种用于白度和颜色测定的仪器YQ-Z-48A的工作原理、设计方法及其工业应用。基于光度学和色度学理论，结合光机设计和微机技术，实现了白度和颜色的全自动精确测量，并完全达到了工业应用的技术要求。