链烷烃的表面张力与内压

对Ｄａｖｉｓ和Ｒｏｓｓｅｉｎｓｋｙ提出的关系检验表明，液体的表面张力σ与Ｐ１Ｖｍ１／３之比不仅取决于温度，还与液体的种类有关，据此，建立了一个能由链烷烃的分子结构准确预测其表面张力的方法。     

Viscosities of nonelectrolyte liquid mixtures. III. Selected binary and quaternary mixtures

This paper is the final in a series of three viscosity and density studies of pure n-alkanes and selected binary and quaternary mixtures. A standard U-tube viscometer was used for viscosity measurements, and a Pyrex flask-type pycnometer was used for density determinations. Results are given here for pure alkane and selected binary mixtures of n-tetradecane + n-octane, for selected quaternary mixtures of n-hexadecane + n-dodecane + n-decane + n-hexane, and for pure and selected quaternary mixtures of n-hexadecane + n-dodecane + n-nonane + n-heptane at 303.16 and 308.16 K. The principle of congruence was tested, as was the Grunberg and Nissan equation, as they have been shown to be useful as prediction techniques for other n-alkane binary mixtures. Comparisons were made between the two groups of quaternary alkane mixtures and the binary n-tetradecane + n-octane mixtures of the same pseudo composition to understand better the dependence of mixture viscosities on the composition parameter.     

What do we mean by “catalytic activity”?

The relative reactivities of the lower alkanes in hydrogenolysis on a Pt/Al₂O₃ catalyst depend on the H₂ pressure used, as do those of a Ru/Al₂O₃ catalyst, pretreated in various ways, for propane hydrogenolysis. Apparent activation energies also vary with H₂ pressure. No single rate measurement adequately represents catalytic activity, which is properly defined as the rateconstant for the slow step.     

充油型脱醇型硅酮密封胶性能研究

研究了甲基硅油、低分子量聚丁烯、氢化烷烃油作为增塑剂用于脱醇型RTV-1硅酮胶对其性能的影响。结果表明:甲基硅油增塑剂对降低模量、提高位移能力效果明显;聚丁烯与聚硅氧烷相容性差,影响与基材的界面粘接;少量添加烷烃油能起到与甲基硅油类似的效果,但热失重超过10%,添加量增加对基材的粘结性变差,其它性能也大幅降低。     

Relative reactivities of alkanes in multi-component catalytic cracking reactions

An experimental technique is discussed for measuring relative reactivities of alkanes in the catalytic cracking of multi-component hydrocarbon mixtures over a heterogeneous, Y-zeolitebased catalyst at 250–350 °C. With the technique, ca. 0.1 l of an alkane mixture is evaporated and contacted with a catalyst, after which the mixture of reaction products and the unreacted feed enters the chromatographic column and is immediately analyzed. The technique is used to measure relative reactivities of 21 alkanes in a single experiment. The principal results of these experiments are similar to the results of single-component cracking: alkane reactivity rapidly increases with the increase of the carbon number, and methyl-branched alkanes are more reactive than linear alkanes. However, the variations in alkane reactivities as a function of their molecular weight and skeleton structure differ very significantly between single- and multicomponent experiments.     

一种结构信息连接性指数

根据分子中原子的特性和连接性 ,提出一种新的结构信息连接性指数 mE ,其中1E对烷烃和环烷烃异构体有较强的区分能力 .该法用于研究饱和链烷烃类和环烷烃类化合物的沸点 ,获得较满意结果 .与其他已有的拓扑指数比较 ,该指数结构选择性和相关性好 .对链烷烃和环烷烃沸点的实验与计算平均误差为 1 1 4% .     

分子连接性指数与链烷烃热力学性质的相关性

在分子拓扑理论的基础上，利用Randic连接性指数的逆指数，对85种气链烷烃的标准生成焓、标准熵、标准生成自由能进行研究，给出了相关方程，相关系数R分别为0．9952，0．9991，0．9877，基本符合一个好的QSPR模型要求（R＞0．99），为预测同类化合物的热力学性质提供了一种有效方法。     

Pt-Sn-Li/Al2O3/FeCrAl催化剂的制备、表征和长链烷烃脱氢催化性能

以FeCrAl合金薄片为基体,Pt-Sn-Li/γ-Al₂O₃为活性涂层,制备了Pt-Sn-Li/Al₂O₃/FeCrAl金属基复合载体负载型催化剂。采用XRD、SEM、TPR等手段对催化剂进行了表征,并在微型固定床反应器中考察了不同反应温度、液时空速和氢/烃摩尔比下对长链烷烃脱氢的催化性能。结果表明,将活性浆料直接涂覆于焙烧后的金属薄片上制得的催化剂有良好的结合性能,经超声波振荡后涂层脱落率小于2%。当Pt-Sn-Li/γ-Al₂O₃活性涂层涂覆到FeCrAl金属基体后复合载体Al₂O₃/FeCrAl与活性成分的相互作用明显增强。催化反应性能评价表明,较高的反应温度有利于长链烷烃脱氢过程,但温度过高时将加速催化剂积炭失活。较低的空速有利于十二烷的转化,但进一步减小空速将造成十二烯的选择性明显降低。减小氢/烃摩尔比虽然有利于提高十二烷的转化率,但进一步减小氢/烃摩尔比也将加速催化剂积炭失活。     

Non‐Covalent Functionalization of Graphene Using Self‐Assembly of Alkane‐Amines

A simple, versatile method for non‐covalent functionalization of graphene based on solution‐phase assembly of alkane‐amine layers is presented. Second‐order Møller–Plesset (MP2) perturbation theory on a cluster model (methylamine on pyrene) yields a binding energy of ≈220 meV for the amine–graphene interaction, which is strong enough to enable formation of a stable aminodecane layer at room temperature. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations on an assembly of 1‐aminodecane molecules indicate that a self‐assembled monolayer can form, with the alkane chains oriented perpendicular to the graphene basal plane. The calculated monolayer height (≈1.7 nm) is in good agreement with atomic force microscopy data acquired for graphene functionalized with 1‐aminodecane, which yield a continuous layer with mean thickness ≈1.7 nm, albeit with some island defects. Raman data also confirm that self‐assembly of alkane‐amines is a non‐covalent process, i.e., it does not perturb the sp² hybridization of the graphene. Passivation and adsorbate n‐doping of graphene field‐effect devices using 1‐aminodecane, as well as high‐density binding of plasmonic metal nanoparticles and seeded atomic layer deposition of inorganic dielectrics using 1,10‐diaminodecane are also reported.