抗生素类药物的研究进展

抗生素是由微生物或高等动植物在生活史中所产生的能干扰细胞发育功能,具有抑菌或杀菌作用的化合物。近年来,抗生素在人类和动物疾病以及农业中的大量使用,使得抗生素耐药危机爆发,导致曾经容易治疗的疾病变得再次致命。因此,开发新型有效的抗生素迫在眉睫。当前,越来越多的科研工作者开始从细胞生物学方面入手,研究抗生素在微生物中的作用机理,以求发现细菌耐药的根本原因。本文综述了抗生素的研发历史及作用机制,基因组学在抗生素研发中的重要作用,抗生素复配组合使用及构建化学品库实现老药新用,并展望了抗生素类药物未来的发展方向。     

MXene介导的近红外光热效应用于快速清除多种耐药菌以及菌膜

随着细菌耐药性的不断出现和加重,针对耐药菌感染和菌膜这类难以用传统抗生素治疗的临床医疗问题,需要发展新型高效快速的杀菌方法.本文采用新型二维材料MXene与近红外激光相结合,实现了在20 min内对细菌以及菌膜的快速高效杀除.为了测试该方案的广谱抗菌性,我们对包括耐药性的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐万古霉素...     

Host Cell Antimicrobial Responses against Helicobacter pylori Infection: From Biological Aspects to Therapeutic Strategies

The colonization of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in human gastric mucosa is highly associated with the occurrence of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Antibiotics, including amoxicillin, clarithromycin, furazolidone, levofloxacin, metronidazole, and tetracycline, are commonly used and considered the major treatment regimens for H. pylori eradication, which is, however, becoming less effective by the increasing prevalence of H pylori resistance. Thus, it is urgent to understand the molecular mechanisms of H. pylori pathogenesis and develop alternative therapeutic strategies. In this review, we focus on the virulence factors for H. pylori colonization and survival within host gastric mucosa and the host antimicrobial responses against H. pylori infection. Moreover, we describe the current treatments for H. pylori eradication and provide some insights into new therapeutic strategies for H. pylori infection.