海参肠自溶水解物抗氧化活性的研究

为了提高海参肠的利用率,利用海参自溶技术制备海参肠自溶水解物.分析了自溶水解物的分子质量分布范围和氨基酸组成,并通过体外化学模拟体系测定其1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH·)清除能力、Fe2+螯合能力和还原能力.结果表明,海参肠自溶水解物主要由分子质量小于3 ku的组分组成,含有17种氨基酸,其具有一定的DPP...     

啤酒废酵母自溶条件的研究

本文探讨了以啤酒废酵母为原料，采用自溶法生产酵母抽提物的条件。结果表明：以食盐为啤酒酵母自溶促进荆的最佳作用条件是10％的啤酒酵母悬浮液在pH5．0、温度50℃、食盐浓度3％T，自溶40h，所得酵母抽提液的氨基氮含量为O．498g／100mL．产品得率47．50％。风味非常醇厚。     

酵母精鲜味剂实验研究

研究了温度、p H值、时间和促溶剂对酵母细胞自溶的影响 ;探讨了相关工艺 ;预测了酵母精用作鲜味剂的前景     

The effect of moderate pulsed electric fields on autolysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the amino acid content in autolysates

The effect of moderate pulsed electric fields (MPEF) strength on autolysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was evaluated in this study. After exposure to MPEF with intensity of 7 kV cm⁻¹ for 4 ms, the integrity of the cell wall was obviously destroyed and the inactivation of S. cerevisiae reached 99.43%. During the subsequent 42-h autolysis process, the release of free α-amino nitrogen of MPEF-treated cells, as well as extracellular protease activity, was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of untreated cells. Moreover, exposure to 7 kV cm⁻¹ led to an increase of the total amino acid of 149.36%. In particular, the content of aspartic acid and glutamic acid which are important umami flavour precursors increased by 232.55% and 209.40%, respectively. These results indicate that MPEF will be an effective method to accelerate autolysis of S. cerevisiae for obtaining high-quality yeast extract as flavour enhancers and nutrition supplements.     

Bioactive peptides released from Saccharomyces cerevisiae under accelerated autolysis in a wine model system

ABSTRACT:  The ACE inhibitory activity (IACE) and the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC-FL) values of yeast peptides isolated from a model wine during accelerated autolysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been studied. Samples were taken at 6, 24, 48, 121, and 144 h of autolysis. Peptide concentration increased throughout autolysis process. Peptides were fractionated into 2 fractions: F1, constituted by hydrophilic peptides, and F2, containing hydrophobic peptides. Both IACE activity and ORAC-FL values increased during 121 h of autolysis, then decreased afterward. Peptide fraction F2 was the main fraction involved in IACE activity and ORAC-FL.     

Use of dry yeast cells as a cheap nitrogen source for lactic acid production by thermophilic Bacillus coagulans WCP10-4? ?

Dry yeast cells (DYC) were used as a cheap nitrogen source to replace expensive yeast extract (YE) for L-lactic acid production by thermophilic Bacillus coagulans. Cassava starch (200 g·L⁻¹) was converted to L-lactic acid by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using Bacillus coagulans WCP10-4 at 50 °C in the presence of 20 g·L⁻¹ of DYC, giving 148.1 g·L⁻¹ of L-lactic acid at 27 h with a productivity of 5.5 g·L⁻¹·h⁻¹ and a yield of 92%. In contrast, 154.4 g·L⁻¹ of lactic acid was produced at 24 h with a productivity of 6.4 g·L⁻¹·h⁻¹ and a yield of 96% when equal amount of YE was used under the same conditions. Use of pre-autolyzed DYC at 50 °C for overnight slightly improved the lactic acid titer (154.5 g·L⁻¹) and productivity (7.7 g·L⁻¹·h⁻¹) but gave the same yield (96%).     

虾头自溶产物苦味与蛋白平均疏水度联系及脱苦

为了探明虾头自溶产物中苦味肽的分布以及蛋白疏水性与苦味的联系,采用超滤将虾头自溶产物分成不同组分,分别检测其苦味与平均疏水度,并研究自溶过程中添加复合风味蛋白酶协同水解虾头对苦味的改善作用。结果表明：虾头自溶产物的苦味主要来自分子质量为3～5kD 的肽;不同分子质量大小的自溶产物,平均疏水度越小苦味越大;添加复合风味蛋白酶协同水解虾头,与自溶比较,其蛋白回收率提高了3.5%,苦味降低了50%。     

微波辅助酵母破壁工艺的研究

研究微波功率、微波作用时间、酵母含量、pH值对酵母细胞破壁的影响。以破壁前后酵母细胞的数量和氨基酸态氮含量来衡量酵母细胞的破壁率,确定最佳破壁条件。通过单因素和正交试验。结果表明,在酵母含量为4%、pH 6.0、微波功率600W条件下,微波处理40min,添加1%的质量比为1∶1的木瓜蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶,3%的NaCl,在55℃恒温自溶2h后即可得到最佳的破壁效果。     

采用催化自溶和生物破壁技术提取啤酒酵母细胞壁多糖

以废弃啤酒酵母为原料采用催化自溶与生物破壁技术生产细胞壁多糖。经过单因素试验后确定了酵母自溶的适宜条件:50～60℃,pH 5.0～6.0,食盐浓度0.8%,VB2浓度200 mg/L,料液比(g∶mL)1∶8～10,剪切微化处理约9 h以上。此外,确定了采用60℃下,1∶10的料液比,0.02%～0.03%的蛋白酶添加量和2%的NaOH浓度为细胞壁多糖的适宜提取条件。此方法得到的细胞壁多糖中甘露聚糖的含量>22%,葡聚糖的含量>35%。同时发现使用酪蛋白钠和改性淀粉作为酵母提取物的微胶囊化材料时,产品喷雾效果好,且不吸潮。