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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(10):1532-1540
In this study, natural pigments from Basella rubra L. were extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) technique using three levels, four factors (extraction temperature, ultrasonic power, extraction time and solid-liquid (SL) ratio) Box-Behnken response surface design. The optimal condition was found to be: extraction temperature of 54°C, ultrasonic power of 94 W, extraction time of 32 min and SL ratio of 1:17 g/mL respectively. Under this optimal condition, the experimental yield of (betacyanin of 1.42 ± 0.001 and betaxanthin of 5.35 ± 0.13 mg/g) pigments were well correlated with predicted values (betacyanin was 1.43 mg/g and betaxanthin was 5.37 mg/g). 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Determination of physico‐chemical (weight, length, diameter, stomatal density, respiration rate, colour, soluble solids concentration, titratable acidity, chlorophyll and betacyanin content) and structural changes of red‐fleshed dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus (Weber) Britton & Rose) was carried out from 5 to 35 days after pollination (DAP) in order to explain their growth, development, maturations and ripening stages. RESULTS: Fruit growth of red‐fleshed dragon fruit followed a sigmoid growth pattern. Significant changes in colour were obtained in both peel and pulp as DAP progressed, which were indicated by reductions of L*, C* and h° values as both changed from green to red–violet colour at ripening. Red–violet betacyanin was manifested earlier in pulp at 25 DAP, followed by peel 4–5 days later, and finally both peel and pulp turned full red–violet by 30 DAP. There was a significant increase in soluble solids concentration and titratable acidity with the continuous increase in betacyanin content as DAP progressed. CONCLUSION: The physico‐chemical and betacyanin accumulation of red‐fleshed dragon fruit changed as it developed, matured and ripened which coincided with structural changes. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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红甜菜甜菜红素降血脂作用的实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
探讨红甜菜甜菜红素对高血脂小鼠的降血脂效果。通过喂食高脂饲料的方法建立高血脂症小鼠模型,将受试样品分别以高、中、低三个浓度剂量给高血脂小鼠灌胃,空白组和高血脂模型组灌胃蒸馏水,连续灌胃30d后,拨眼球取血,进行总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度的测定。结果显示:红甜菜甜菜红素能降低高血脂小鼠血液中总胆固醇(中剂量组p<0.05,高剂量组p<0.01)、甘油三酯(中剂量组p<0.05,高剂量组p<0.01)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(中剂量组p<0.05,高剂量组p<0.01)的浓度,提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(高剂量组p<0.05)的浓度。甜菜红素具有明显的降血脂功效。 相似文献
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Natural pigments: carotenoids, anthocyanins, and betalains--characteristics, biosynthesis, processing, and stability 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Delgado-Vargas F Jiménez AR Paredes-López O 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》2000,40(3):173-289
Pigments are present in all living matter and provide attractive colors and play basic roles in the development of organisms. Human beings, like most animals, come in contact with their surroundings through color, and things can or cannot be acceptable based on their color characteristics. This review presents the basic information about pigments focusing attention on the natural ones; it emphasizes the principal plant pigments: carotenoids, anthocyanins, and betalains. Special considerations are given to their salient characteristics; to their biosynthesis, taking into account the biochemical and molecular biology information generated in their elucidation; and to the processing and stability properties of these compounds as food colorants. 相似文献
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为提高酶解制备红肉火龙果果汁甜菜红素保留率和出汁率,探讨了酶添加量、酶解时间、酶解温度和底物pH等工艺因素对红肉火龙果果汁甜菜红素稳定性、出汁率和透光率的影响。在单因素试验结果基础上,采用Box-Behnken试验设计和响应面分析,以红肉火龙果果汁甜菜红素保留率为重要指标,结合考虑火龙果的出汁率和透光率响应值,运用期望函数同时优化多目标途径,优化了酶法制备红肉火龙果汁的工艺条件。结果表明:当果胶酶添加量为285 U/g,酶解温度46℃,底物pH为3.7,酶解时间2 h时,火龙果中的甜菜红素保留率可达到80.8%,出汁率可达到64.4%,透光率可达到89.5%,获得的酶解工艺参数在满足红肉火龙果果汁甜菜红素保留率高的同时,又有的高出汁率和透光率。经实验验证,实验值与预测相符。 相似文献
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红甜菜是一种营养价值较高的食用蔬菜,含有大量的红甜菜色素。红甜菜色素是一种水溶性、含氮的季胺型生物碱,核心结构为甜菜醛氨酸。红甜菜色素依据化学结构不同可分为两类:甜菜红素和甜菜黄素。红甜菜色素作为一种食用天然色素,已应用于多种食品,但由于稳定性较差,其在食品、营养保健品和化妆品等领域的潜在应用受到诸多限制。作者综述了红甜菜色素的组成及结构,详细阐述了pH值、光照、温度、氧气和降解酶对红甜菜色素质量分数和颜色的影响,同时阐明了甜菜红素受这些因素影响后在易降解位置发生脱糖基化、脱羧、脱氢、醛亚胺键水解和异构化等化学变化的途径及产物,为深入研究甜菜色素稳定性、扩大红甜菜及红甜菜色素的应用领域提供参考。 相似文献