Bobo revisited: What the research says.

[Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 17(2) of International Journal of Play Therapy (see record 2008-14897-001). A reference was incomplete. The correct reference is Trotter, K., Eshelman, D., & Landreth, G. (2003). A place for Bobo in play therapy. International Journal of Play Therapy, 12, 117-139.] There has been some discussion in the play therapy literature regarding whether to use a Bobo doll (bop bag) in the play therapy room. The following article reviews research studies from the fields of personality, learning, and social psychology, and underlying theories to help inform and assist play therapists in their decision-making regarding Bobo. Suggestions are offered regarding future empirical research in play therapy outcomes and the choices of play materials in the playroom. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

萝卜籽油特性及其对小鼠的通便作用

本文研究了萝卜籽油的组成及其对小鼠的通便作用。通过化学方法测定了萝卜籽油的各项理化指标、脂肪酸组成及多种活性物质含量;以高、中、低三个浓度的萝卜籽油喂食小鼠及便秘模型小鼠,检测小鼠排便重量、粒数、首粒排黑便时间、墨汁推进率。结果表明:萝卜籽油含多种脂肪酸,其中芥酸含量为36.18%,亚麻酸20.22%、油酸19.80%、亚油酸12.35%,其余脂肪酸含量很少;油脂中的不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的88.74%。萝卜籽油中含有维生素E 1.5984 mg/g、莱菔素55.35 mg/kg、甾醇14.3201 mg/g。用25%~100%的萝卜籽油取代基础饲料中的大豆油,有明显促进小鼠排便的作用。灌胃1.0 g~3.0 g/(kg·bw)萝卜籽油,具有明显改善便秘小鼠通便及推动便秘小鼠小肠蠕动的作用。2.0 g~3.0 g/(kg·bw)萝卜籽油几乎可以达到治愈小鼠便秘的目的。萝卜籽油品质优良,具有通便作用,开发前景广阔。     

基于Kinect体感传感器的心理宣泄系统的实现

击打宣泄是心理宣泄疗法的主要手段。基于Kinect体感传感器和Direct3D图形绘制编程接口,设计并实现了心理宣泄系统。系统利用Kinect体感传感器采集人体关节点坐标信息,控制虚拟拳头击打虚拟击打对象,模拟真实拳击运动,通过击打实现心理宣泄。实验表明:该系统不仅能获得良好的心理宣泄效果,而且,可以为健身运动提供新的体验平台,其计算出的击打力还可作为拳击训练的重要参考标准。     

Emotional catharsis and aggression revisited: Heart rate reduction following aggressive responding.

The authors tested two components of the catharsis theory of aggression: physiological tension reduction and aggressive drive reduction. On the basis of work in the stress-aggression literature, they also examined the moderating effect of impersonal stress exposure on cathartic reductions in heart rate following aggressive responding. Participants were instructed to administer nonaggressive (correct button) or aggressive (shock button) responses to a frustrating confederate in a laboratory aggression paradigm, and half the participants were exposed to an impersonal stressor (aversive air blasts) during the procedure. Heart rate was recorded before and after the participants administered the aggressive or nonaggressive response. Analyses revealed that participants exhibited reductions in heart rate following aggressive but not nonaggressive responding, but this was the case only for those not exposed to the impersonal stressor. Heart rate reductions during the experimental blocks actually predicted the most intense aggression in a subsequent block of trials. The results are considered in light of different theories of aggression by J. E. Hokanson (1974) and L. Berkowitz (1990) and have implications for interventions with anger-prone individuals. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Bobo revisited: What the research says": Correction to Drewes (2008).

Reports an error in "Bobo revisited: What the research says" by Athena A. Drewes (International Journal of Play Therapy, 2008[Sum], Vol 17[1], 52-65). A reference was incomplete. The correct reference is Trotter, K., Eshelman, D., & Landreth, G. (2003). A place for Bobo in play therapy. International Journal of Play Therapy, 12, 117-139. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2008-04333-005.) There has been some discussion in the play therapy literature regarding whether to use a Bobo doll (bop bag) in the play therapy room. The following article reviews research studies from the fields of personality, learning, and social psychology, and underlying theories to help inform and assist play therapists in their decision-making regarding Bobo. Suggestions are offered regarding future empirical research in play therapy outcomes and the choices of play materials in the playroom. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Do people aggress to improve their mood? Catharsis beliefs, affect regulation opportunity, and aggressive responding.

Do people aggress to make themselves feel better? We adapted a procedure used by G. K. Manucia, D. J. Baumann, and R. B. Cialdini (1984), in which some participants are given a bogus mood-freezing pill that makes affect regulation efforts ineffective. In Study 1, people who had been induced to believe in the value of catharsis and venting anger responded more aggressively than did control participants to insulting criticism, but this aggression was eliminated by the mood-freezing pill. Study 2 showed similar results among people with high anger-out (i.e., expressing and venting anger) tendencies. Studies 3 and 4 provided questionnaire data consistent with these interpretations, and Study 5 replicated the findings of Studies 1 and 2 using measures more directly concerned with affect regulation. Taken together, these results suggest that many people may engage in aggression to regulate (improve) their own affective states. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Some factors affecting the reduction of overt hostility.

2 assumptions were tested to explain observations that initial expressions of aggression may be followed by decline in such unfriendly attitudes. The "symbolic catharsis hypothesis" assumes the reduction of hostile attitudes due to vicarious (fantasy) expression of hostility; guilt theory assumes inhibition, rather than reduction, of hostile atitudes. Ss were fed information, supposedly opinions of each other, which encouraged unfriendly or friendly attitudes. Ss were then either allowed to associate to TAT cards or fed additional information so as to be made to feel guilty about unfriendly attitudes towards the other. Results were interpreted as supporting the guilt hypothesis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)