双波段比色辐射温度计的波长选择

通过对比色测温法灵敏度温区特性和波比数判据的分析,讨论了比色波长的匹配原理,试图解决选择比色波长的理论依据。     

On the Yustova threshold plates

A response to criticism of threshold plates for the study of color vision developed at the Mendeleev All-Russia Research Institute of Metrology and published in 1994 is presented. The critics base their conclusions on colorimetric testing and the examination of the plates. In response to the article by M. V. Danilova and J. D. Mollon [4]. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 1, pp. 37–39, January, 2007.     

Chromatic luminance,colorimetric purity,and optimal aperture‐color stimuli

Chromatic luminance (i.e., luminance of a monochromatic color) is the source of all luminance, since achromatic luminance arises only from mixing colors and their chromatic luminances. The ratio of chromatic luminance to total luminance (i.e., chromatic plus achromatic luminance) is known as colorimetric purity, and its measurement has long been problematic for nonspectral hues. Colorimetric purity (p_c) is a luminance metric in contrast to excitation purity, which is a chromaticity‐diagram metric approximating saturation. The CIE definition of p_c contains a fallacy. CIE defines maximum (1.0) p_c for spectral stimuli as monochromatic (i.e., optimal) stimuli, and as the line between spectrum ends for nonspectrals. However, this line has <0.003 lm/W according to CIE colorimetric data and is therefore effectively invisible. It only represents the limit of theoretically attainable colors, and is of no practical use in color reproduction or color appearance. Required is a locus giving optimal rather than invisible nonspectral stimuli. The problem is partly semantic. CIE wisely adopted the term colorimetric purity, rather than the original spectral luminance purity, to permit an equivalent metric for spectrals and nonspectrals, but the parameter of equivalence was never clear. Since 1 p_c denotes optimal aperture‐color stimuli for spectrals, arguably 1 p_c should denote optimal stimuli consistently for all stimuli. The problem reduces to calculating optimal aperture‐color stimuli (“optimal” in energy efficiency in color‐matching) for nonspectrals, shown to comprise 442 + 613 nm in all CIE illuminants. This remedy merely requires redefinition of 1 p_c for nonspectrals as the line 442–613 nm, and gives meaningful p_c values over the hue cycle allowing new research of chromatic luminance relations with color appearance. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 469–476, 2007     

彩色CCD比色测温的灰度值融合处理方法研究

设计了基于两个彩色CCD通道的比色测温系统,提出了用于比色测温时彩色CCD的R、G、B亮度(灰度)值融合处理方法,解决了在不同快门下利用两个通道的灰度值进行比色测温计算的问题;黑体炉实验结果表明,与常用的基于面阵CCD的简化比色测温方法相比较,基于两个彩色CCD通道的比色测温方法系统虽稍显复杂,但由于采用了经融合处理后的亮度值进行比色测量计算使得测温精度较高。     

硼矿制硼酸母液中硼含量的测定方法探讨

报道了笔者用水相直接显色型比色法测定硼酸母液中硼含量的实验和结果。     

重铬酸钾氧化比色法和气相色谱法定量分析发酵液中乙醇的比较研究

为了比较重铬酸钾氧化比色法和气相色谱法测定乙醇体积分数的效果,采用这2种方法分别定量分析已知体积分数的标准液和未知体积分数的发酵液.分析和比较统计结果发现：定量分析发酵液乙醇体积分数时气相色谱法较准确,成本较高;重铬酸钾氧化比色法可以用于发酵液乙醇体积分数的批量分析,成本较低.     

4－氨基安替比林比色法测定水中苯胺类

基于苯胺与４－氨基安替比林的显色反应提出一种新的苯胺测定方法。本方法可以测定浓度为０．０２～４０ｍｇ／ｌ的苯胺水样，方法的回收率为９５．９％～１０２％，相对标准偏差为０．６３％～１．９７％。     

环境水样中挥发酚测定方法研究

采用LWCC超长比色池的连续流动分析仪分析环境水样中的挥发酚,检出限为0.056μg/L,检测下限为0.17μg/L,对1μg/L 样品,相对标准偏差为1.3%,相对误差3.9%,与《水质挥发酚的测定4-氨基安替比林分光光度法》（ HJ503-2009）相比具有检出限低、精密性好、准确度高、分析速度快,适宜于大批量样品分析,对地表水和地下水中挥发酚类预警监测作用明显,同时省去了萃取分光光度计法繁琐的操作步骤,避免了三氯甲烷对实验人员的危害。     

《盲杖第1部分:安全色标志》国家标准色度性能和光度性能指标的确定

以标准GB 16930.1-1997《盲人手杖安全色标志》为基础,参考GB 2893-2008《安全色》、GB/T 18833-2012《道路交通反光膜》等标准,选择国内外不同企业生产的30种反光膜样品,针对其色度性能和光度性能进行试验验证,包括色度坐标范围、亮度因数和最小逆反射系数.综合考虑盲杖使用者的实际出行特点、产品特性、国内行业现状、使用安全性,确定盲杖安全色标志逆反射材料色度性能和光度性能的技术指标.为修订强制性国家标准GB 16930.1《盲杖第1部分:安全色标志》提供数据支持.     

九头狮子草红色素基膜的制备及动态响应特征

目的 制备了一种九头狮子草红色素基膜,即九头狮子草红色素结合马蹄淀粉的新型比色指示膜。同时利用紫外–可见吸收光谱和灰度平均值探究其动态响应特征。方法 从植物九头狮子草中提取九头狮子草红色素(HPJH),采用共混法将HPJH、马蹄淀粉、丙三醇共混制备比色指示膜。结果 引入九头狮子草红色素后,可以改变马蹄淀粉膜的抗氧化性。适量的九头狮子草红色素促进膜结构的均匀性,当添加质量分数为8%的九头狮子草红色素时,成膜效果最好,DPPH自由基清除率达到88.70%,膜颜色稳定性实验结束时ΔE值为1.649 7。以灰度平均值直观呈现比色指示膜在不同湿度条件下对三乙胺的响应情况,更具有说服力。结论 从植物九头狮子草中提取的HPJH可提高马蹄淀粉膜的指示效果,比色指示膜具有较强的抗氧化性,并对三乙胺具有颜色变化的响应性,在猪肉、鱼肉和莴笋新鲜度监测中具有动态响应特征。