Traumatogenic factors affecting the knees of carpet installers

An ergonomics analysis of carpet installation tasks was performed. The purpose was to identify and quality potential sources of biomechanical trauma that may be responsible for the high rates of knee morbidity found by previous researchers among carpet layers. Nine carpet layers were studied either at an apartment building worksite or at a training school. Results from a job analysis indicated that workers spent approximatately 75% of their time in the kneeling position using a tool called a knee-kicker to stretch and install carpet. Awkward body postures were identified from films of workers installing carpets. At the moment of impact the knee is severely flexed, subtended angles were less than 60 degrees. To obtain measures of impact force on the knee, the kicker-tool was instrumented with a load cell. Workers who executed the hardest kicks with the tool produced impact peak forces that averaged 3019 newtons (N), which is equivalent to about four times body weight. Measures from an accelerometer attached to the worker's knee showed values in ecxess of 120 m/s², which are comparable to those found during vigorous running and jumping exercises. The results imply that repetitive impact of the knee joint from the use of the knee-kicker combined with knee flexion, kneeling and squatting may be responsible for the high level of occupational knee-morbidity found among carpet layers.     

新型城镇化语境下的阿拉善地毯传统技艺探析

目的研究阿拉善地毯传统技艺传承与保护现状。方法通过田野调查个案并结合民俗学、艺术学的理论对阿拉善地毯进行探析。结论了解新型城镇化进程中该项技艺的生存情况,考察它的传承与保护现状,审视它面临的困境与机遇,分析并探究它的传承与保护对策是极具理论价值与现实意义的。     

丙纶簇绒地毯阻燃研究

研究开发了ＦＨ复合阻燃剂，用于背衬胶乳阻燃法阻燃丙纶簇地毯。工艺简单，阻燃效果显著。其阻燃背衬胶乳氧指数可达７０以上。     

地毯有机挥发物的ETC-ATD-GC/MS联用测试法

采用环境测试舱(ETC)、自动热脱附仪(ATD)和气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)联用技术,建立了地毯中13种挥发性有机物(VOCs)的分析方法。该方法对VOCs单体的最小检出限(LODs)范围为0.008～0.4μg/m~3,方法的加标回收率为90%～106%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于11%。将该方法用于多种市售地毯的VOCs测试,发现地毯释放VOCs的种类,与地毯底层材料有较大关联,沥青底胶层的方块地毯释放出较多的2-乙基-1-己醇,黄麻背衬地毯和聚酯背衬地毯释放出较多的苯乙烯和4-苯基环己烯,而薄层聚丙烯背衬地毯则释放出较多的直链或支链烷烃。     

维吾尔族地毯图案数字化技术

 针对织物图案CAD中需要保存和传承民族的风格特点,以维吾尔族的恰其曼地毯设计为实例,提出一种研究织物图案的CAD方案。首先,通过标识地毯图案元素,利用模板匹配算法提取图案中的同类元素,构成不同类别的图案基因库;然后引入PhotoShop中的路径、画笔预设技术,实现组合PhotoShop技术的织物图案风格化设计。该方法真实地引入了民族地毯的风格设计元素,可以设计出具有民族特色的维吾尔族地毯图案     

基于模糊控制的低辐射恒温电热毯的研制

介绍了恒温电热毯的硬件及其模糊控制系统，提出了过零触发技术，使得在调节温度过程中产生的高次谐波大为减少。模糊控制系统以温度偏差及其变化量为输入，加热功率为输出，通过模糊控制算法，达到电热毯温度自动调节的目的。     

Replicating the cross-sectional distribution of house-dust mite allergen found in carpet

With a view to producing carpets that could be used to determine the ease of particulate aerosolisation during domestic activity, we measured the cross-sectional distribution of dust-mite allergen, Der p 1, produced using American Society for Testing and Materials method (ASTM F608–89) for embedding house dust in carpets with that produced by several alternative protocols. Allergen concentrations produced at different levels within the pile using the different techniques were also compared with those in carpets from actual houses – in which the majority of allergen is typically found towards the base of the pile. To obtain profiles of allergen, horizontal sections, 2-mm thick, were taken from new carpets after they had been seeded with dust and embedded using one of four following techniques: (1) dragging a fixed roller across the surface of the carpet four times, (2) using the same roller but following it up with 200 revolutions in a hexapod wear simulator, (3) dragging the fixed roller across the carpet surface 30 times (the ASTM method), and (4) 2 minutes under a commercial plate compactor. Fibre from each 2-mm-thick section was collected and the Der p 1 content determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and results expressed as ng Der p 1 per area in each section. Embedding with a fixed roller alone was not found to be particularly effective, resulting in roughly equal amounts of dust being apportioned within each pile layer, irrespective of the number of embedding passes used. In contrast, a distribution biased towards the base of the pile was found after roller-embedding/hexapod wear, although still to a lesser extent than has been observed in used carpets. Plate compaction gave a similar allergen distribution profile to combined roller/hexapod treatment but was considerably easier to perform. Thus, both techniques offer promise for researchers seeking to replicate the cross-sectional distribution of dust mite allergen found in carpets after actual use (and conceivably other particulate pollutants also).     

纺织废料再生纤维增强混凝土力学性能的研究

对纺织废地毯再生纤维增强混凝土的力学性能进行实验研究．结果表明，含量为2％的纺织废地毯再生纤维增强混凝土的抗压强力、抗剪切强力和抗弯曲强力等力学性能较普通混凝土有所提高；干燥收缩性以及由此引起的韧性及能量吸收性较普通混凝土均有较大改善．这种混凝土若能得到广泛使用，还可节约资源、保护环境．     

地毯耐脏污性能的探讨

文章介绍了地毯防污处理的作用及防污工艺，测试了地毯防污效果，并分析了影响地毯脏污的因素。     

Controlling surface plasmon polaritons in transformed coordinates

Transformational optics allows for a markedly enhanced control of the electromagnetic wave trajectories within metamaterials, with interesting applications ranging from perfect lenses to invisibility cloaks, carpets, concentrators and rotators. Here we present a review of curved anisotropic heterogeneous meta-surfaces designed using the tool of transformational plasmonics, in order to achieve a similar control for surface plasmon polaritons in cylindrical and conical carpets (for the latter we provide some analytical insight), as well as cylindrical cloaks, concentrators and rotators of a non-convex cross-section. Finally, we provide an asymptotic form of the geometric potential for surface plasmon polaritons on such surfaces in the limit of a small curvature.