三华李酒生产工艺研究

研究了菌种、三华李原汁含量、不同缓冲剂、不同碳源等因素对三华李原汁发酵果酒的影响,并对三华李酒的澄清工艺进行了研究,最终得到澄清透明三华李味浓郁的三华李酒。     

冬枣果实品质差异研究

冬枣是中国优良的鲜食枣品种,但产地间果实品质是否存在差异的相关研究性报道极少。通过对6个冬枣产地枣果的统一测定,发现产地间冬枣营养成分确有差异,在外观、厚度、口感等指标上均存在显著性差异;通过综合聚类分析将各产地冬枣分为两类,从而得出成武冬枣不应归入冬枣范畴的结论。     

Isolation,purification, and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Muzao

In the present study, crude polysaccharides from Ziziphus Jujuba cv. Muzao were isolated and purified using DEAE cellulose-52 and Sephadex G-100 size-exclusion chromatography; four fractions were collected, namely GZMP-1, GZMP-2, GZMP-3, and GZMP-4. The molecular weights of these four fractions were measured to be 111.2, 95.1, 84.2, and 571.4 kDa, respectively, using high-performance gel permeation chromatography. Gas chromatography analysis of the monosaccharide composition confirmed that GZMP-1 was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, and galactose. Rhamnose, arabinose, and galactose were the main components present in GZMP-2 and GZMP-3, whereas GZMP-4 was composed of only rhamnose and arabinose. Scanning electron microscopy showed relatively smooth surfaces for GZMP-1 and GZMP-4, whereas GZMP-2 and GZMP-3 had more folds on their surfaces. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses indicated that GZMP-1 and ZMP mainly had α-type glycosidic linkages. The in vitro antioxidant activities of the polysaccharides revealed that jujube polysaccharides exhibit remarkable antioxidant activity, and can scavenge DPPH radical and OH radical in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of this work suggest that polysaccharides from Z. Jujuba cv. Muzao have potential to be used as functional food and in the development of natural antioxidant drug carriers.     

紫甘薯色素抗菌与抗氧化作用研究进展

主要就紫甘薯色素的抗菌与抗氧化活性研究进展进行了综述,涵盖紫甘薯色素的成分与特性、提取与纯化方法、抗菌与抗氧化机理及研究现状,以期为紫甘薯的综合利用拓展方向。     

黄山贡菊多糖的微波浸提工艺和抑菌效果研究

利用响应面设计法和微波浸提法优化黄山贡菊的多糖提取工艺,多糖含量测定采用苯酚-硫酸法,并对多糖提取液进行了抑菌效果实验。结果表明：微波功率、浸提时间和pH因素对贡菊多糖提取率有显著影响,得出微波辅助提取贡菊多糖的最优工艺参数：微波功率为530W,提取时间为22min,液料比38：1,多糖浸提液pH为6.7,实际多糖得率为6.18%。抑菌实验表明：贡菊多糖的抑菌效果良好,贡菊多糖对大肠杆菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌的最小抑菌浓度为10mg·mL-1。     

Aroma potential of Brancellao grapes from different cluster positions

In this study the presence of aroma compounds in grapes of Brancellao (Vitis vinifera L.) was investigated in order to obtain its aroma potential fingerprint. It is well known that differences exist in aromatic compounds amongst grapevine varieties at ripening stages. Within the framework of an increasingly competitive market, the chance of obtaining different wines from vines of the same variety grown at the same vineyard is becoming of increasing importance. This can be done through the managing of the vineyard, but also some wineries have assayed the separation of the tip and shoulder berries of the clusters of a specific variety with this objective. In this work it is evaluated that, in the final stages of maturation, differences exist in the probable alcoholic degree, total acidity of the must, as well as in the aromatic composition of skin and flesh of berries coming from the tips and shoulders of the clusters. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to determine the aromatic composition, in the skin and flesh of each sample, either tip or shoulder berries from the clusters. The obtained results showed that there was not variability for the probable alcoholic degree and total acidity between the shoulders and tips, whereas there was variability for their aromatic composition. For the berries from the tips of the clusters most of volatiles were found in the flesh (except aldehydes) and spicy and floral nuances (with the only exception of β-ionone) were in higher proportions. For the berries from the shoulders of the clusters, most of volatiles were found in the skin (monoterpenes, norisoprenoids, aldehydes, and C₆ alcohols), where the flesh was slightly richer in aromatic alcohols, volatile phenols and pantolactone; β-ionone and herbaceous nuances were in higher proportions. These results are promising for those wineries that are considering the chance of separating berries from tips and shoulders of the clusters for the elaboration of different quality wines.     

香榧籽油对高脂膳食SD大鼠脂质代谢的影响及机理

为推进对香榧籽油生物功效的认知,以高脂膳食大鼠模型评估香榧籽油的降脂、抗氧化功效及其作用机理。将40只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组（NF组）、2%香榧籽油正常组（NFO组）、高脂对照组（HF组）、2%香榧籽油高脂组（HFO组）。每周记录SD大鼠体重,分别在第4周和第7周检测血清中总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、血糖（Glu）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白介素6（IL-6）、白介素4（IL-4）水平。在第7周处死大鼠,解剖取肝脏、十二指肠、脂肪组织,采用油红O、苏木精-伊红（HE）染色观察组织形态,并采用qRT-PCR检测肝脏脂质代谢相关基因的表达。结果表明：实验第4周,与NF组相比,香榧籽油能极显著降低SD大鼠体重（P<0.01）,整个实验周期内HF、HFO组大鼠体重无显著差异;与NF组相比,NFO组大鼠血清TG、Glu、MDA水平显著下降（P<0.05）,HDL-C水平显著提高（P<0.05）;与HF组相比,香榧籽油能显著降低大鼠血清TC、LDL-C和Glu水平（P<0.05）,显著提高SOD、GSH-Px的活性和T-AOC（P<0.01,P<0.05）。实验第7周,与NF组相比,NFO组大鼠血清LDL-C水平极显著上升（P<0.01）,TC、MDA水平显著下降（P<005）;与HF组相比,香榧籽油能显著升高大鼠血清TG、LDL-C、MDA、CRP、IL-4水平（P<0.05,P<001）;长期食用香榧籽油,大鼠肝脏、十二指肠组织中偶有炎性细胞浸润,脂肪组织细胞形态大小不均。NFO组大鼠肝脏AMPKα、SREBP-1c基因表达水平极显著高于NF组（P<0.01）,HFO组大鼠肝脏FAS、ACC、AMPKα基因表达水平极显著低于HF组（P<0.01）。香榧籽油可能通过调节AMPKα/SREBP-1c信号通路实现调节大鼠血脂、提高抗氧化水平的生物功效。     

苦味西葫芦果实木脂素类成分研究

采用色谱技术对苦味西葫芦果实的抗炎活性部位的化学成分进行分离,应用1HNMR、13CNMR确定化合物的结构.从正丁醇萃取部位分离得到4个木脂素化合物:Larisiresinol 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅰ)、( )-5'-Methoxyisolarisiresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(Ⅱ)、Lyoniside(Ⅲ)、Isolariciresinol-9-O-β-D-xylopyranoside(Ⅳ).化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ均为首次从南瓜属植物中分离得到.     

基于单片开关电源LinkSwitch的便携设备充电器设计

美国功率集成公司(Power Integrations Inc)最新推出的单片开关电源LinkSwitch适台制作高效、低成本3W以下的小型开关电源。本文以一个充电器的制作为例,介绍了其功能及电路设计要点。