Dehulling of canola by hydrothermal treatments

Hydrothermal pretreatments for loosening the hull of Westar canola (Brassica napus L.) to promote dehulling of the seeds were investigated. The samples tested had on average 14.5% hull on a mass basis. Conditioning treatments involved soaking the seeds in distilled water or exposing the seeds to saturated steam. The moistened seed was treated with one of the following drying methods: unheated-air drying, infrared drying, and fluidized-bed drying. The dried grain was milled in an abrasive dehuller to break the hulls loose. The hulls were removed from the mix by aspiration. The treated seeds yielded a minimum of 11.4% to a maximum of 14.9% of the seed mass as the hull fraction. Nontreated seeds yielded 9.4% of the seed mass in hull fraction after abrasive dehulling and aspiration. Among treatments, raising the moisture content of the whole seed from 6 to 15% by exposure to steam, followed by drying in a fluidized bed, resulted in the maximum percent dehulling efficiency. The hull fraction contained about 24% crude fiber, 18% oil, and 18% protein on a dry-mass basis.     

关于大豆预处理工序中几个问题的分析和探讨

对几种大豆脱皮工艺和影响脱皮效率的主要因素进行了探讨 ,并对大豆软化、生坯直接浸出的操作要点进行了叙述。     

大豆脱皮工艺及其对大豆取油工艺效果的影响

大豆脱皮不仅是大豆浸出取油工艺中生产低温豆粕必要的前处理工序,也应在生产高温饲用豆粕的大豆浸出取油工艺中推广应用。其目的是,提高豆粕的蛋白质含量,增加浸出设备的处理量,降低湿粕的含溶量和残油量,减少生产过程的能量消耗,改善油品质量。     

Effects of radiation process on total protein and amino acids composition of raw and processed pearl millet flour during storage

The present work describes radiation‐induced effects during storage on total protein and amino acids composition of raw and processed flour of two pearl millet cultivars (Ashana and Dembi). The protein content of the whole raw flour was 14.46% and 13.38% for Ashana and Dembi cultivars, respectively. Dehulling of the grains reduced the protein content to 13.38% and 12.67% for the cultivars, respectively. Storage of the radiated whole and dehulled flour for 60 days slightly reduced the protein content even after cooking. The effect of radiation process in combination with the treatments applied to the grains and/or flour on amino acids contents was found to be varying between the cultivars. Most of the amino acids were stable against all treatments except leucine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine. Regardless of the storage period and processing method, amino acid contents of Ashana cultivar were increased after radiation process compared to that of Dembi cultivar.     

双低油菜籽冷榨浸出的产品质量及效益分析

双低油菜籽是优质的油料资源，为了进一步开发利用双低油菜籽资源，对双低油菜籽脱皮、调质、冷榨、浸出的产品质量和效益进行初步分析，其主要产品油和粕的质量好，附加值高，经济和社会效益显著。     

谷物脱皮加工技术的研究现状

脱皮处理是谷物加工过程中的一个重要环节,它直接影响谷物籽粒的后续加工及产品的品质.从谷物机械脱皮、化学脱皮以及脱皮程度对谷物品质影响三个方面综述了谷物脱皮加工技术的研究现状.重点阐述了影响机械脱皮效果的因素:谷物皮层所占的比例、机械脱皮的温度、加水量、调质时间以及设备技术参数等,为深入研究不同的谷物脱皮加工方法提供参考.     

双螺旋榨油机在脱皮菜籽加工中的应用

介绍了双螺旋榨油机的特点以及在脱皮菜籽加工中的应用情况.双螺旋榨油机适于脱皮菜籽的冷榨,机械性能稳定,出油率高,冷榨油质量好,显著改善了产品质量,并且降低了能耗,提高了菜籽加工的经济效益.     

大豆热脱皮工艺探讨

大豆脱皮是近年发展起来的大豆油脂生产的先进技术。大豆脱皮对提高大豆油脂生产效果和产品质量的重要性已为业内人士所共识。就新型的大豆热脱皮工艺及实际生产效果进行了阐述和探讨，以期为国内大豆脱皮工艺的研究和发展提供一些经验和参考。     

Mechanical stress on canola seed during dehulling

The mature canola seed comprises an embryo, a group of structures that have a high content of protein and oil, and a fibrous seed coat held together by endosperm tissues. High-quality canola meal production requires removal of fiber-rich seed hull that typically contributes little nutrient value. Canola hull accounts for more than 70.0% of the insoluble fiber within the seed, which limits its uses as feed. Dehulling canola seed, before oil extraction, increases the protein content and decreases fiber content in the meal, to up to 50.0% and to down to 10.0%, respectively. Due to the complexity in dehulling canola seeds, several methods have been explored by the canola processing industry. However, little research has been conducted in analyzing the effects that mechanical dehulling methods have on seeds. In this study, we conducted mechanical tests to characterize seed behavior and hull fracture under uncoupled stresses such as compression and shear;stresses generated by the common dehulling equipment used in the industry, such as mills. All tests were carried out on single seeds at different moisture contents, from 5.00% to 25.0% wet mass basis (w.b.). Over a range of moisture contents studied, shear loading mode limited deformation of embryos in comparison to compression loading. Additionally, hardness tests were performed with a nano-indenter machine to determine seed hull properties. The overall results from these experiments provided information used to construct a computational model that represents canola seed deformation under compression stress.     

Infrared Processing of Dry Peas, Canola, and Canola Screenings

Dry peas, canola and canola fine screenings were heated to various temperatures using infrared energy, then selected characteristics were compared with those of unprocessed commodities. Processed dry peas exhibited dehulling and air classification characteristics similar to raw peas. Bitterness and protein solubility in raw pea protein were reduced by infrared heating. Infrared processed canola seed exhibited lower crude fibre content and lower yields in dehulling compared to raw seed. Processing the seed did not affect crude oil quality, except for sulfur and phosphorus content. Inactivation of canola and screenings myrosinase by infrared heating was related to commodity moisture content. Infrared heating to 105°C inactivated weed seed viability in screenings.