Designed damping controller for SSSC to improve stability of a hybrid offshore wind farms considering time delay

This paper presents the stability improvement results of hybrid doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based and permanent magnet generator (PMG)-based offshore wind farms (OWFs) using a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC). An adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) controller of the proposed SSSC is designed to render adequate damping characteristics to the studied system. A frequency-domain approach based on a linearized system model using eigenvalue technique analysis is performed. A time-domain scheme based on a nonlinear system model subject to a three-phase short circuit fault at infinite bus with variations in the signal transmission delays has also been investigated to compare the damping of the studied system in cases of with and without controller. The simulation results with MATLAB/SIMULINK toolbox have been presented. It can be concluded from the simulation results that the proposed SSSC joined with the designed ANFIS damping controller can offer adequate damping performance to the studied hybrid DFIG-based and PMG-based OWFs under severe disturbance.     

ABB变频器在双馈发电机试验台上的应用

本文介绍了风力发电系统目前存在的技术方案，重点介绍了ABB用于双馈式风力发电系统的变频产品ACS800—67的特性，并对由其构建的发电机测试平台的案例进行了实验分析。     

风力发电与变流器

讨论了目前流行的两种主流风力发电系统：变速恒频双馈风力发电系统和永磁直驱同步风力发电系统。着重分析了两种风电变流器的拓扑结构、工作原理和性能特点,对风力发电系统发电机、变流器、无功支持和低电压穿越能力等方面进行了论述。     

Intelligent control of doubly‐fed induction generator systems using PIDNNs

An intelligent control for a stand‐alone doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG) system using a proportional‐integral‐derivative neural network (PIDNN) is proposed in this study. This system can be applied as a stand‐alone power supply system or as the emergency power system when the electricity grid fails for all sub‐synchronous, synchronous, and super‐synchronous conditions. The rotor side converter is controlled using field‐oriented control to produce 3‐phase stator voltages with constant magnitude and frequency at different rotor speeds. Moreover, the grid side converter, which is also controlled using field‐oriented control, is primarily implemented to maintain the magnitude of the DC‐link voltage. Furthermore, the intelligent PIDNN controller is proposed for both the rotor and grid side converters to improve the transient and steady‐state responses of the DFIG system for different operating conditions. Both the network structure and online learning algorithm are introduced in detail. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed control scheme is verified through experimentation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

双馈风力发电机控制策略的仿真研究

变速恒频双馈风力发电机组主要工作在同步速附近,在这一运行区域转子励磁电流频率很低(同步速时为0),通过转速来调节转子励磁频率很难保证双馈发电机输出功率的稳定.通过对东北新能源公司大连驼山风电厂东汽FD77E型风机实际运行情况的研究分析,将DTC技术应用到双馈风力发电机的控制领域.首先对直接转矩控制技术进行了理论分析,阐述了它的工作原理和系统结构,进而推导出控制方程,并给出了具体的控制框图,然后利用MATLAB进行了仿真研究,仿真结果验证了理论分析和提出的策略是可行的.     

基于等效转子电压的双馈感应发电机灭磁控制

针对电网电压故障引起的双馈感应发电机磁链弱阻尼振荡问题,提出一种采用等效转子电压的双馈感应电机灭磁控制策略。分析电网电压故障激起的双馈感应电机定子磁链的暂态过渡过程,建立定子磁链状态方程;通过求解状态方程的特征根和定子磁链的振荡频率及阻尼比,在转子电压前馈补偿项的基础上引入定子磁链的微分反馈项,得到等效转子电压参考值,并研究了其改善磁链欠阻尼特性和加快暂态磁链衰减的机理。最后,双馈感应发电机的仿真结果表明,本文方法可以较好地抑制故障期间的磁链振荡冲击,有利于双馈风电机组故障穿越能力的提高。     

双馈异步风力发电系统低电压穿越控制策略仿真

根据我国颁布的风电并网标准,将电压跌落深度区域划分为三个,讨论了在不同区域内DFIG实现低电压穿越的方法,并且在Matlab／simulink环境下进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明：装设有撬棒和chopper保护的DFIG在实现低电压穿越问题上相比于只有主动式撬棒保护的DFIG更有优势,并且可以保护双馈风电机组在电压跌落深度在80％以内的情况下不被切机。因此,含有撬棒和chopper保护的DFIG在较多情况下已经具备低电压穿越能力。     

Annular ring slot antenna design with reconfigurable polarization

A microstrip‐fed conventional annular ring slot (ARS) antenna with linear polarization (LP) is initially studied. To generate two orthogonal degenerate modes for circular polarization (CP) radiations, two identical meandering perturbation slots (MPS) are symmetrically loaded into the ARS. By further incorporating a PIN diode switch across each MPS, the proposed antenna can switch between left‐hand CP (LHCP), right‐hand CP (RHCP), and LP. All three polarizations have shown good impedance bandwidth and broad CP bandwidth that can satisfy the wireless local area network (WLAN) 2.4‐GHz operating band (2400–2480 MHz). Furthermore, desirable gains of 1.8–2.0 dBi and 2.40–2.84 dBic are also exhibited at LP and LHCP/RHCP, respectively. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 26:110–120, 2016.     

A compact asymmetric slot dual band antenna fed by CPW for PCS and UWB applications

A compact slot antenna with an overall dimension of 30 × 30 × 1.6 mm³ is proposed for dual band applications. The radiating element is a hexagonal shape patch which protrudes from a Co‐Planar Waveguide (CPW) feed into a step shape slot. The slot is basically rectangular in shape and is extended by inserting rectangular cuts of different sizes on the ground plane around it. The ultrawide impedance bandwidth is achieved using asymmetric feed line along with extended rectangular cuts around the slot. For realizing the second band for personal communication system applications (near 1.9 GHz), a metallic stub of quarter wave length is attached at the top of the slot. The measured impedance bandwidth (for S₁₁ < ?10 dB) is 110 MHz (1.86–1.97 GHz) for the first band and 9 GHz (3.0–12.0 GHz) for the second band. The antenna is further characterized by omnidirectional radiation patterns in the H‐plane, dumb‐bell shape radiation patterns in the E‐plane and a peak gain of 3–5 dBi over the ultrawideband. All the measured results are found to be in good agreement with the simulated results. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:243–254, 2015.     

双馈风力发电机控制系统半实物仿真平台设计

针对目前风力发电机仿真仅限于某个功能或单元的建模及分析,难以进行整机控制系统仿真的问题,以双馈发电机为对象,设计与实现了风力发电机半实物仿真实验平台.该平台包括控制系统、风力机虚拟对象、通讯接口以及监控界面组成,软件之间通过自动化设备规范(ADS)协议进行数据交互融合,为整机及控制系统的性能在线评估提供支持.最后在所开发实验平台上进行了低风速仿真实验,验证了所设计平台的有效性和合理性,为风电场后期的参数评估及性能优化提供一个完善可行的实用化平台.