Effect of high temperature alkali cooking on the constituents,structure and thermal degradation of hemp fiber

Degumming of hemp fiber by high temperature alkali cooking was investigated, and the effect of temperature and dosage of alkali on the constituents, structure, and thermal degradation of hemp fiber was also discussed in this work. The morphology, structure, and thermal degradation of hemp fiber after high temperature cooking were investigated through SEM, FTIR, WAXD, and TG analysis. The results indicated that the high temperature cooking process was effective for removing hemicelluloses and lignin and could also improve the thermal stability of cellulose. Crystallinity index of the treated hemp fiber was increased, which was related to the cooking temperature and NaOH dosage. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

大麻/彩棉交织物蓬松柔软整理

为了提高大麻/彩棉交织物的柔软度,分别选用弱阳离子型柔软剂和阳离子型蓬松片对织物进行处理,以抗弯刚度为主要评价指标.考虑到柔软剂与蓬松片的交互作用,通过二次回归正交试验建立回归方程,确定交互作用下试剂的最佳浓度.通过对处理前后交织物的断裂强力、断裂伸长及手感进行对比分析最后得出最佳整理工艺:柔软剂的质量浓度为7.656...     

不同优株花椒甲醇提取物麻味素、总多酚、总黄酮含量测定及抗氧化能力研究

为了从17种不同品种的花椒中筛选出最佳的优良品种,本研究以17种不同丰产优株花椒果皮为原材料,测定了花椒中麻味素、总多酚和总黄酮含量及抗氧化能力,并进行相关性分析。结果表明在17种不同花椒优株椒皮中,花椒果皮中总多酚、总黄酮和麻味素含量最高的样品分别是来自绳池的M37、M1和来自陕县的S1,而M31样品中总黄酮和总多酚含量最低,M4样品中麻味素含量最低。不同花椒果皮提取物均具有很好的还原能力和DPPH自由基清除力,且总多酚和总黄酮均与还原能力和DPPH自由基清除力之间呈现良好的相关性。研究表明,从大田中优选出的17株花椒丰产优株中,花椒果皮的主要活性成分具有显著差异,来自渑池的M37、M1和来自陕县的S1、来自灵宝的L1等丰产优株树可以作为不同花椒良种进行培植。      

大麻APMP制新闻纸的实验

对用大麻生产新闻纸的可能性进行了探索。结果表明，用全秆大麻制取APMP，不能有效地发挥大麻韧皮部长纤维的作用。用大麻木质芯秆（包括纺织用大麻剥取韧皮纤维后废弃的木质芯秆）制取的APMP，配入20%针叶木漂白硫酸盐浆，手抄片的白度、不透明度和物理强度均可达到优质新闻纸的标准。用大麻韧皮纤维制取的半漂硫酸盐浆，以其自然配比，与其芯秆制取的APMP配抄新闻纸，也可达到上述效果。     

细特大麻/棉混纺纱的开发

大麻纤维较粗,与棉纤维混纺抱合力差,成纱条干差,麻粒多,产品以27．8tex以上居多。使用改性处理后的大麻纤维,在棉纺设备上进行部分改造,并配以合适的工艺,可以生产出条干均匀、麻粒少的细特大麻／棉混纺纱,可广泛用于机织和针织。     

大麻加工技术现状及发展

针对大麻纤维正在引起普遍关注的现实，围绕大麻脱胶这一关键技术，综述了目前国内外的各种方法及其存在的缺点；同时介绍现有的纺纱、染整技术和产品开发现状，呼吁加强研究工作，以期能更好地解决大麻脱胶和分纤的问题。     

高温脱胶对大麻纤维成分与结构的影响

研究了大麻纤维高温脱胶技术,讨论了脱胶温度和碱量对大麻纤维成分与结构的影响。用SEM、FT-IR、XRD对大麻纤维高温脱胶前后的表面形态结构、聚集态结构进行了表征。实验结果表明:高温脱胶后大麻纤维中的半纤维素和木质素含量分别下降了79.1%和83.5%,纤维素含量提高;大麻纤维的结晶度上升,其结晶度与NaOH的质量分数及反应温度有关。     

Effects of the addition of hemp powder on the physicochemical properties and energy bar qualities of extruded rice

Extruded rice/hemp mixtures were prepared by mixing defatted and whole hemp powders with rice flour at varying hemp levels (0%, 20%, 30% and 40%). The influence of hemp powder type and level on physicochemical and antioxidant properties was studied. The bulk densities of the extruded rice/hemp samples increased with increase in levels of added hemp powder. The extrudates blended with hemp powder had a lower water absorption index than the control (extruded rice without hemp). The extruded rice/whole hemp had more total phenolics and flavonoids and had a better scavenging effect on DPPH radicals than extruded rice/defatted hemp. The highest potential to inhibit β-carotene oxidation was found in extruded rice/40% whole hemp. Increasing amounts of hemp powder resulted in lower equilibrium moisture content of energy bars. The energy bar made with extruded rice/20% whole hemp was preferred for colour, taste and overall acceptability.     

ECMP麻浆用于配抄稻草板护面纸板的研究

研究了将ECMP麻浆配用国内废纸浆,抄造稻草板护面纸板的可行性,并对外层、里层施胶度、以及干燥前压榨压力、经济成本等进行了讨论,结论认为:ECMP麻浆配抄稻草板护面纸板可以满足护面纸企业标准要求,并可取得良好的经济效益。     

13种食用植物油中矿物质元素含量的研究

建立了湿法消解-原子吸收光谱法测定食用植物油中6种矿物质元素(Mg、K、Ca、Fe、Cu、Zn)的分析方法。结果表明:优化的湿法消解条件为以硝酸-过氧化氢作为消解溶液,硝酸用量20.00 m L,加热功率500 W;6种目标物在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.998),检出限为0.32~21.16 mg/kg,3种食用植物油加标回收率为82.9%~115.0%,相对标准偏差为1.1%~8.8%。通过该分析方法对13种食用植物油中6种矿物质元素含量进行对比研究,结果发现火麻油中矿物质元素含量较丰富,营养价值较高。