孕妇服装的设计与选择

针对孕妇的生理和心理特征，从结构、色彩、材料等方面论述了孕妇服装设计要有利于孕妇和胎儿的安全及身心健康，介绍了几款不同类型的孕妇装，指出了孕妇内衣和鞋子的选择应遵循的原则。     

宙斯的歌者——铁凝的母性书写

20世纪90年代铁凝的母性书写,以其独特的笔致,在母亲系谱的构建中,以母性为链,勾连起女性的过去、现在与未来,展现出祖辈、母章、子章三代之间的生存景象和灵魂镜像.潜入文化、社会、心理、人性结构的内里与底层,显示出其批判的力度、深度和广度.     

孕妇服防电磁辐射检测技术研究

电磁辐射对孕妇的影响一直受到人们的关注,但目前孕妇防辐射服防辐射效果的检测还没有标准可依。用低介质材料建立一个可内置检测探头的孕妇人体仿真模型,并在模型中分别加入仿人体组织液、蛋白质纤维等不同填充物．模拟人们生活和工作的电磁环境中最常接触的频段,在半电波暗室中测得服装的屏蔽效能。分析了不同填充物对服装防电磁辐射性能的影响,并利用现行有效的面料屏蔽效能测试方法测得的结果,与人体仿真模型测试结果进行了分析对比。测试结果表明：在仿真模型上测得的服装屏蔽效能结果与服装面料平面屏蔽效能结果存在较大差异：不同填充物下测得的服装防电磁辐射结果各不相同;人体仿真模型测得的服装屏蔽性能与面料的屏蔽性能趋势吻合。     

Algorithms for dairy barn design: Maternity and milking areas

This paper presents a series of algorithms for dairy barn design. The aim of the study was to develop algorithms for the design of new barn areas that can added to the main barn areas (resting, feeding, and exercise) to complement barn layout. More specifically, we developed design and dimensioning schemes to incorporate the maternity area and the milking area (holding pen and milking parlor) into dairy barns. Each algorithm requires input design parameters related to the characteristics of the areas considered. The output of the algorithms provides layout solutions for the maternity and milking areas and the overall dimensions of both areas, which enables the user to assess the possibility of incorporating maternity and milking into a dairy barn composed of resting, exercise, and feeding areas. The algorithms presented in this paper allow for space optimization by using the values defined for the design parameters considered.     

论南京国民政府时期生育保险立法（1927-1937年）

南京国民政府对女工生育保险较为重视,《工厂法》及一些地方法规对女工生育期间待遇作了规定。这些法律法规虽然在政府强力推行下,取得了一定的成效,但由于立法本身不完善,立法在执行过程中存在诸多弊端,其执行效果与立法初衷相距甚远。     

孕妇裤原型样板研究

根据妊娠的不同阶段将孕妇的体型分为4类:C1体型、C2体型、C3体型、C4体型.采用随机抽样的方法对青岛地区200名妊娠期女性进行体型测量,运行SPSS13.0软件对测量数据进行详细分析,得出了4种体型的中间体尺寸及控制部位分档数值,推导出4种体型孕妇裤装的号型系列,最后对5.3C1、5.3C2、5.3C3、5.3C44个号型系列的中间体进行规格设计,并根据孕妇的体型特征研究了这4个号型中间体原型裤样板设计方法.论文揭示了孕妇裤原型样板设计规律,研究成果能为孕妇裤样板设计提供理论依据.     

我国企业职工生育保险制度可持续发展展望

通过简要回顾我国企业职工生育保险制度的发展历程，着重分析了当前该制度所面临的问题，并在此基础上提出发展的建议。     

Secluded maternity areas for parturient dairy cows offer protection from herd members

Use of individual maternity pens for dairy cows is recommended to ensure undisturbed calving and postpartum transfer of colostrum to calves, but management of these pens is a challenge due to difficulty predicting the time of calving. If group-housed cows, however, have the opportunity to calve in a secluded area of a group pen, this may limit disturbance of the dam and her newborn, especially if this area is fitted with a gate preventing other cows from entering. The aims of this study were to assess effects of cows calving inside a secluded area versus cows calving in the group area on maternal behavior and social interaction between dam and herd members during the first postpartum hour, calf's latency to stand, number of calves suckling an alien cow, and the dam's acute response to separation from the calf. This was investigated in pens consisting of a central group area with access to 6 secluded areas with or without a mechanical push gate allowing only 1 cow access at a time. At least 2 wk before expected calving, 60 Danish Holstein multiparous cows were assigned alternately, in groups of 6, to a group pen with 6 gated secluded areas or a group pen with 6 ungated secluded areas. The effects of treatment (gated, ungated) and calving place chosen within treatment (secluded area, group area) on maternal behavior, interactions with herd members, maternal response to separation, and calf latency to stand were investigated. Irrespective of whether cows calved in a secluded area or not and whether the secluded area was gated or not, cows spent, on average, 39 (±7.9) min of the first hour after calving licking their calves. When calving in a gated secluded area, the cows interacted less with herd members than when calving in the group area (0.5, 28, 18, and 33 min/h for gated/secluded, gated/group, ungated/secluded, and ungated/group areas, respectively), and no calves suckled an alien cow within the first hour after birth. In addition, the longer the calf stayed with the dam, the longer the dam stood with her head out of the pen after removal of the calf. Calf's latency to stand after calving was unaffected by treatment and calving place (mean = 39 min; range = 8–243 min). The results show that dam and calf can be protected from disturbances when cows calve in a secluded maternity area, especially if the secluded maternity area is fitted with a gate preventing other cows form entering.     

基于三维动作捕捉仪的孕妇裤托腹效果评价

为考察孕妇托腹裤的托腹效果,以及孕妇穿着托腹裤时的感受情况,以孕妇裤托腹部位的结构设计为切入点,利用三维动作捕捉仪,以孕妇运动时髋关节角度的变化为参考基准,通过单因素方差分析法对所得数据进行显著性检验,并对有效数据进行对比,比较孕妇与正常人体进行下肢体活动时最大髋关节角度差值的大小,结合主观评价实验进行综合分析。结果表明：孕妇在运动时随着自身孕周的增加,腹围增大,孕肚的重量增大,髋关节最大角度也会增大;通过髋关节角度值大小可判断孕妇裤的托腹效果,即髋关节角度值越小,孕妇裤的托腹效果越好。同时在现有孕妇托腹裤款式的基础上提出改进方案,以协助孕妇提升和改善生活质量。     

20世纪80年代女性文学中的母性书写

20世纪80年代以来,随着人道主义思潮的复兴,作家们突破了十七年学表现的禁区,立足干人性等方面开拓新的创作领域。在母性书写方面,女作家从社会、生理、化三方面对母性的生命给予了真切的呈现。母性由最初的作为本能的发现,到化符码化的描述以至在历史视野中的本体观照,都镌刻着新女性的自我认知、自我发现的心路历程。