Antioxidant effect of turmeric powder,nitrite and ascorbic acid on stored chicken mince

This investigation was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant effect of turmeric (turmeric 1000 ppm, turmeric 5000 ppm), nitrite (nitrite 200 ppm) and ascorbic acid (ascorbic acid 500 ppm) on raw minced chicken stored at 4 ± 1 °C. Physicochemical properties [pH, water activity, cooking loss, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, peroxide value (PV), free fatty acid (FFA)] were evaluated on 0, 2, 4 and 6th day of storage. Highly significant differences (P < 0.01) in pH, TBA value, PV and FFA value were noticed between treatments and between storage periods. TBA values were observed to be lowest for nitrite 200 ppm and then turmeric 5000 ppm, and there was no significant difference between nitrite 200 ppm and turmeric 5000 ppm, and both were superior to ascorbic acid 500 ppm and turmeric 1000 ppm. Among different treatments, PV was found to be lowest in turmeric 5000 ppm and highest in nitrite 200 ppm. FFA value was found to be lowest in turmeric 5000 ppm and highest in ascorbic acid 500 ppm among all treated samples. It can be concluded that turmeric has potential to replace synthetic antioxidants presently used in meat processing with many added advantages.     

超高压与转谷氨酰胺酶协同对碎猪肉凝胶成型的研究

研究了超高压与TGase协同对碎猪肉凝胶成型的影响,采用Box-Behnken实验设计获得的碎猪肉凝胶成型最佳工艺条件为:TGase添加量4.5g/kg,压力水平240MPa,保压时间10min。最佳工艺条件下的碎猪肉凝胶成型制品与鲜猪肉的硬度、粘着性、内聚性、胶凝性差异不显著。超高压与TGase结合的技术,实现了碎猪肉的凝胶成型,为碎猪肉边角料的利用提供了新方法。     

芦荟保健低温火腿肠的研制

以芦荟、猪肉为原料研制低温芦荟保健火腿肠,旨在保持火腿肠原有风味的同时,增加其营养性和保健作用。其原料的最佳配比为:芦荟全法汁:猪肉(肥:瘦=15:85)=1:3,采用β-CD处理芦荟汁,并添加天然风味料,研制出风味优良,具有一定保健和营养功效的芦荟低温火腿肠。     

二次杀菌时间对猪肉糜持水性的影响

测定猪肉糜二次杀菌前后的蒸煮损失、质构特性以及自旋-自旋弛豫时间,研究85℃条件下二次杀菌时间(0、5、10、15、20、25 min)对猪肉糜持水性的影响。结果表明:二次杀菌导致蒸煮损失率显著增加(P0.05),当杀菌时间超过15 min时,质构特性参数值显著降低(P0.05),不易流动水相对含量显著(P0.05)降低,而自由水相对含量则显著(P0.05)升高。说明二次杀菌时间会影响肉糜中蛋白质的保油保水性,进而影响肉糜制品的质构特性。     

气相色谱法测定鲅鱼脂肪酸的含量

目的研究提取鲅鱼鱼油的条件和脂肪酸的组成及含量。方法用气相色谱法测定鲅鱼中脂肪酸的组成及含量。结果鲅鱼干重含油率高达54.8%。其中不饱和脂肪酸含量达51.4%。结论鲅鱼油中含有较高的不饱和脂肪酸,吃鲅鱼有利于人体健康。     

鲤鱼肉蛋白水解物在熟猪肉糜中的抗氧化效果

研究鲤鱼肉蛋白的碱性蛋白酶(alcalase)水解物对肉糜的抗氧化作用。将肉糜分为6组,包括阴性对照组、2.0%的未水解鲤鱼肉蛋白组、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%的水解物(4h)添加组、0.02%的丁基羟基茴香醚(butylatedhydroxyanisole,BHA)的阳性对照,在冷藏7d过程中测定肉糜的红度值(a*)、硫代巴比妥酸值(TBARS)值和pH值的变化,并对产品的感官指标进行评定。结果表明:与对照组相比,添加水解物的处理组能显著抑制脂肪的氧化(P<0.05),其中2.0%水解物处理组效果最明显,能显著降低TBARS值、增加肉糜的红度值(a*)(P<0.05),但较添加BHA处理组的效果欠佳;感官评定得到同样的结果。     

漂洗对罗非鱼鱼糜凝胶特性的影响

针对未漂洗鱼糜凝胶强度差、凝胶易劣化等问题,以罗非鱼为原料,研究漂洗工艺对鱼糜凝胶特性的影响规律.结果显示:与未漂洗鱼糜相比,漂洗鱼糜的白度值较高,为52.95;持水率提高到91.06％;凝胶强度达到了3839.3 g·mm.未漂洗鱼糜的硬度和咀嚼性显著高于漂洗鱼糜,而黏聚性、回复性和凝胶强度则比漂洗鱼糜更佳.流变特性...     

碱性pH对马鲛鱼肌球蛋白热聚集行为的影响

为探究碱性条件下pH对马鲛鱼肌球蛋白热聚集行为的影响,以马鲛鱼肌球蛋白为研究对象,探究在加热条件下pH（7.0、8.0、9.0）对肌球蛋白的结构和理化性质（溶解度、浊度、二级结构、总巯基含量、表面疏水性）的影响,未加热组作为空白对照组。结果表明：对照组肌球蛋白在pH（7.0、8.0、9.0）下溶解度从68.00%升高到82.00%、浊度变化不明显;加热组则有较大差异,溶解度从30.00%增加到94.00%,浊度吸光值从0.49降低到0.23;加热组pH 9.0的肌球蛋白α-螺旋含量减少,在所有组中含量最低,为45.60%,β-折叠含量增加,为10.60%;加热组的巯基含量呈下降趋势,由70.45 nmol/mg减少到50.11 nmol/mg,碱性pH下的蛋白质有助于巯基向分子间和分子内二硫键的转化;随着pH值的增加,对照组肌球蛋白的表面疏水性系数依次增加,而加热组下降,但加热组肌球蛋白的表面疏水性系数仍然远高于对照组。综上所述,通过探究碱性条件下肌球蛋白热聚集体的性质,有助于对其热聚集进行调控,获得一种热稳定性较好的肌球蛋白溶液,对以后研究其作为乳化剂添加到食品中有重要意义。     

鲭鱼生物胺生成菌的分离与鉴定

从鲭鱼体内分离7 株生物胺产生菌,其中3 株菌可以产生色胺,4 株菌可以产生2-苯乙胺,4 株菌可以产生腐胺,1 株菌可以产生尸胺,3 株菌可以产生组胺,1 株菌可以产生酪胺。组胺生成量较高的No.1菌株形态学、生理生化分析及菌种鉴定结果表明该菌株极有可能为侵肺巴斯德氏菌,可信度为99.9%。     

Mercury and Fatty Acids in Canned Tuna, Salmon, and Mackerel

ABSTRACT: Canned tuna ( n = 240), salmon ( n = 16), and mackerel ( n = 16) were analyzed for mercury and fatty acids. Average mercury levels were 188, 45, and 55 ppb, respectively, and below the FDA Action Level of 1000 ppb. "Light tuna in water" contained lower mercury (x = 54 ppb) compared with "white/albacore tuna in water," which contained higher eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid (EPA/DHA) x= 711 mg/100 g wet tissue). Mercury residues in salmon (x = 45 ppb) and mackerel (x = 55 ppb) were lower than in tuna products, but the EPA/DHA levels were higher (salmon, ×= 1623 mg/100 g wet tissue; mackerel, ×= 851 mg/100 g wet tissue). Information from this study will help women of childbearing age to limit their intake of mercury while obtaining healthy fats from fish.