匿名技术的研究进展

对匿名技术的研究情况进行了综述。统一给出了关联性、匿名性、假名等概念,探讨了Crowds、洋葱路由、Mix nets等匿名通信的实现机制,介绍了有关的研究进展,指出了匿名性度量、环签名和群签名等匿名签名算法、匿名应用中信赖的建立等技术中需要进一步研究的问题。     

Influence of cage design on precision of tube-trap bioassay for attractants of the onion fly,Delia antiqua

Responses of onion flies,Delia antiqua, to known attractants were measured in the laboratory with a novel tube-trap bioassay. The relative numbers of flies caught in tube traps baited with enzymatic yeast hydrolysate, brewer's yeast, andn-dipropyl disulfide were similar to those obtained previously with cone traps in the field. Changing the shape of the bioassay cage from a cuboid to a cylinder decreased the experimental error obtained from analysis of variance, as did rotating the floor of the circular cage. This bioassay should be useful in evaluating attractants for other insects that orient along the substrate.Diptera: Anthomyiidae.Paper No. 11327 of the Michigan State University Agricultural Experiment Station. Received for publication June 8, 1984.     

复配改良剂对洋葱浆馕品质的影响

以洋葱浆馕为研究对象,分别探讨单硬脂酸甘油酯、大豆磷脂、α-淀粉酶和甘油4种改良剂对其感官评分和硬度的影响,以硬度为响应值,通过响应面分析法确定复配改良剂的最佳组合.结果表明,与对照组相比,单一改良剂均能改善洋葱浆馕的感官和硬度,延缓馕老化的速率.各因素添加量对洋葱浆馕硬度的影响主次顺序均为:α-淀粉酶>单甘酯>甘油>...     

超临界CO_2流体萃取洋葱油的工艺研究

进行超临界CO2萃取洋葱油的试验研究,探讨萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间以及夹带剂用量等对洋葱油得率的影响,并通过正交试验确定了超临界CO2技术萃取洋葱油的最佳工艺参数.结果表明,影响洋葱油得率主要因素的依次顺序为萃取压力>夹带剂用量>萃取温度>萃取时间.萃取压力20MPa,加入无水乙醇15%为夹带剂,萃取温度40℃,萃取时间240min,洋葱油得率可达到0.492%.     

超高压调控蒜氨酸酶反应制备洋葱油

采用超高压技术调控蒜氨酸酶酶解反应制备洋葱油,并用固相微萃取与GC-MS联用对其成分进行定性和定量分析.制备条件为处理压力660MPa、时间5min;酶解压力150MPa、温度35℃、时间20min、pH6.6;蒸馏真空度7 kPa,提取时间4.5 h,氯化钠溶液添加量90g/1000mL.结果表明:洋葱油得率为0.47%;检测到27种成分,含硫化合物占其成分的90.43%,主要是硫醚、噻吩、硫醇、含硫杂环类化合物,其中硫醚类物质含量最高,占到其成分的58.69%.     

提取条件对洋葱提取物清除亚硝酸盐效果的影响

以洋葱为原料,采用单因素试验和响应面设计法,研究了不同乙醇浓度、提取温度、提取时间和溶剂用量对洋葱提取物清除亚硝酸盐的影响。结果表明:溶剂用量、提取时间、提取温度和乙醇浓度依次影响洋葱提取物的亚硝酸盐清除率,优化得到的提取条件为乙醇体积分数50%,提取温度69.0℃,提取时间40.7 min,溶剂用量3.7 mL/g;在此条件下,洋葱提取物亚硝酸盐清除率为82.78%。     

Effect of pretreatment on surface topographical features of vegetables during drying

It is well recognized that many adverse changes occur to a food product during drying. Various pretreatment methods have thus been introduced to maintain the quality of the product. Among the various qualities, or properties, of a food product surface characteristics are one of the most important as these affect directly the consumer acceptance of the product. In terms of food safety surface characteristics may also be related to the attachment and hence thermal resistance of pathogenic microorganisms on the product surface. In this study attempt was made to investigate changes of the surface topographical features of vegetables as affected by pretreatment (blanching in hot water or soaking in 0.5-1.5% v/v acetic acid solution) and hot air drying (60 °C); cabbage and spring onion were selected as model vegetables to represent different natural topographical features of vegetables. An image analysis technique was used to monitor the changes of vegetable surfaces after pretreatment and during drying. The surface characteristic changes of vegetables were described quantitatively in terms of the relative roughness factor (R). It was observed that the surface characteristic changes, as affected by both pretreatment and drying processes, could be well monitored by the evolution of the R value.     

Electronic properties of Bilayer Fullerene onions

HOMO–LUMO gaps of the bilayer fullerene onions were investigated. For this purpose, HOMO and LUMO energies for the isolated fullerenes were calculated using the parameterization of the tight binding method with the Harrison–Goodwin modification. Then, by the consideration of the van der Waals interaction, the thermodynamical stability of possible combinations of the fullerene molecules was verified and the unstable forms were excluded. Next, the difference of the Fermi levels of the outer and inner shells was calculated by the consideration of the hybridization of the orbitals by using the geometric parameters. The results were obtained by the combination of these calculations.