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1.
2.
Effect of complexation of oxidised corn starch with mineral elements on physicochemical properties
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Sławomir Pietrzyk Teresa Fortuna Lesław Juszczak Dorota Gałkowska Karolina Królikowska Karolina Zięba 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2015,50(4):934-941
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of complexation of oxidised starch with mineral elements on its physicochemical properties. Corn starch was oxidised with sodium hypochlorite and, afterwards, modified with ions of potassium, magnesium and iron. Thus, native and modified starches were analysed for: contents of mineral elements, colour parameters (L*a*b*), water binding capacity and solubility in water at temperature of 60 and 80 °C. Thermodynamic characteristics of gelatinisation by DSC, molecular weight distribution by GPC, intrinsic viscosity and pasting properties by RVA were studied. The efficiency of incorporation of metal ions into oxidised corn starch was about 30%, 20% and 20% for potassium, magnesium and iron ions, respectively. The complexation with potassium ions caused the greatest changes in the molecular weight distribution and the intrinsic viscosity of starches and viscosity of starch pastes. Only modification of starch with iron ions affected the colour parameters of the starch. Incorporation of metal ions into starch resulted also in changes in its water binding capacity and solubility in water. 相似文献
3.
The glycerol region geometry of modeled saturated monoacid triglycerides was altered by bond rotations and minor angle distortions
to convert theoretical α-forms into bent β′- and β-forms. Direct α to β conversion involves lateral disruption of fatty chain
packing to generate side-chain character typical of the β-form. Such disruption, which could contribute to fat bloom, allows
additional molecular movement and shifts in molecular mechanics energy (MME) that may approximate thermal changes observed
by differential scanning calorimetry during α to β transformations. Energy calculations at 100 points throughout each transformation
identified plausible conversion routes. A two-stage conversion, α to either of two stereospecific β′-forms bent at glycerol
followed by subsequent conversion to β, showed less chain movement and more favorable MME than direct α to β conversion. The
preferred path, based on energy profiles of each conversion, involves a β′-D form and rotation of carbonyl to α-carbon bonds
in chain #2 and a side chain (chain #3). 相似文献
4.
Dorota Johansson Björn Bergenståhl 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1992,69(8):728-733
The influence of water on the interactions between fat and sugar crystals dispersed in triglyceride (vegetable) oils was qualitatively
estimated from sedimentation and rheological experiments. The experiments were performed both with and without food emulsifiers
(monoglycerides and lecithins) present in the oil. The effects of minor natural oil components (nontriglycerides) on the interactions
and on emulsifier adsorption to the crystals were examined by comparing a commercial refined oil and a chromatographically
purified oil. The results show that water generally increases the adhesion between fat and sugar crystals in oils and also
increases the surface activity of the oil-soluble food emulsifiers. Minor oil components give a small increase in the adhesion
between fat and sugar crystals in oils, but do not influence the adsorption of food emulsifiers in any systematic way. 相似文献
5.
Guan-Chiun?Lee Dong-Lin?Wang Yi-Fang?Ho Jei-Fu?ShawEmail author 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2004,81(6):533-536
Lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens efficiently catalyzed the alcoholysis of various TG in dry alcohols. For TG with short-chain FA, more MG were accumulated.
The yields of MG were affected by the alcohols used. The maximum yields of MG were as follows: 85% for monoacetin in n-butanol, 96% for monobutyrin in ethanol or n-butanol, 50% for monocaprylin in n-butanol, 48% for monolaurin in isopropanol, and 45% for monopalmitin in isopropanol. The MG produced were judged to be 2-MG
by TLC analysis. The presence of organic cosolvent affected the reaction rate of the lipase-catalyzed alcoholysis of TG. For
the alcoholysis of various TG in ethanol and cosolvent (1∶1, vol/vol), the rates had the following orders: (i) for tributyrin,
hexane > toluene > acetone > ethyl acetate > chloroform > acetonitrile > pyridine; (ii) for tricaprylin, hexane > acetone
> toluene > acetonitrile > ethyl acetate > pyridine > chloroform; and (iii) for trialurin, hexane > acetonitrile=acetone >
ethyl acetate > pyridine=chloroform > toluene. 相似文献
6.
Craig A. Dorschel 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2002,79(8):749-753
A study of processed peanut oil was undertaken to assess the utility of HPLC combined with tandem MS to obtain data easily
regarding the number of TAG of fats and oils and their FA composition. Mass chromatograms and spectra corresponding to only
TAG of a single M.W. were obtained for the full range of TAG in the sample. Analysis of the mass spectra allowed the identification
of more than 160 TAG in the sample by their FA composition. In addition, it was possible to estimate relative abundances of
the TAG and suggest the position of the FA on glycerol for a limited number of cases. This technique greatly simplifies the
task of assigning FA to coeluting TAG and facilitates identification of TAG present in trace quantities in mixtures, with
possible application in circumstances where such trace TAG could be significant markers. Results are quickly obtained without
extensive sample preparation or prefractionation of the sample. 相似文献
7.
Yuen May Choo Ah Ngan Ma Hawari Yahaya Y. Yamauchi M. Bounoshita M. Saito 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(4):523-525
Successful separation of triglycerides, diglycerides, free fatty acids, carotenes, tocopherol, and tocotrienols from crude
palm oil has been achieved by supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) with a combination of a C18 and a silica gel column.
The separation was carried out by the programmed extraction elution method. Free fatty acids were separated into five components
by gas-liquid chromatography; tocopherol and tocotrienols were also separated into four components by SFC analysis, and the
pure fractionated carotenes were obtained by preparative SFC. Thus, by using supercritical fluid chromatography, crude palm
oil components can be separated and fractionated, based on differences in their functional groups. 相似文献
8.
Effects of oxidised linoleic acid on the formation of Nε‐carboxymethyl‐lysine and Nε‐carboxyethyl‐lysine in Maillard reaction system
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Ligang Yu Zhiyong He Maomao Zeng Zongping Zheng Jialiang He Mengle Wang Jie Chen 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2016,51(3):742-752
This study investigated the effects of oxidised linoleic acid (18:2) on Nε‐carboxymethyl‐lysine (CML) and Nε‐carboxyethyl‐lysine (CEL) formation in Maillard reaction systems. Model systems of lysine/glucose (L/G), lysine/18:2 (L/18:2), lysine/18:2/glucose (L/18:2/G), myofibrillar protein/glucose (MFP/G), MFP/18:2 and MFP/18:2/G were maintained at 37 °C for 6 weeks. The results showed that CML/CEL contents in L/G (6.99 and 0.96 mmol mol?1 lysine, respectively) were significantly higher than those in L/18:2/G (1.43 and 0.41 mmol mol?1 lysine, respectively), and there is a small amount of CML/CEL generation in L/18:2. However, the CML/CEL levels in MFP/G (197.2 and 83.8 ng mg?1 protein, respectively) were markedly lower than those in MFP/18:2/G (283.2 and 118.5 ng mg?1 protein, respectively). 18:2 favours the formation of CML/CEL in MFP/18:2/G, not in L/18:2/G. All these findings indicated that the role of 18:2 on CML/CEL formation in Maillard reaction system was complex, and depended on CML/CEL formation rate and substrate types (lysine or lysine residue in protein). 相似文献
9.
Shirom Arie; Melamed Samuel; Rogowski Ori; Shapira Itzhak; Berliner Shlomo 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2009,14(4):349
The authors investigated the direct and interactive effects of the job demand– control–support (JDC-S) model’s components on subsequent changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides (TRI) separately for male and female employees. In contrast to all 14 past studies on these relationships, the authors used a longitudinal design. Study participants (N = 1,137, 66% men) were all apparently healthy employees who underwent a routine health check at 2 points in time (Time 1 and Time 2) about 22 months apart. In these analyses, the authors controlled for the Time 1 level of each criterion and for other confounders. Most of the direct and moderating effects found did not support the predictions of the JDC-S model; this finding is in agreement with the majority of past cross-sectional studies. The authors did not find any evidence supporting the existence of a reverse causation for either of the components of the JDC-S model. The authors suggest that serum lipids may not be a physiological mechanism mediating the effects of the JDC-S model on atherosclerotic diseases. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
10.
Val rie Eychenne Zphirin Mouloungui 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2001,78(3):229-234
Thionation using the Lawesson’s reagent (LR) led to quantitative and selective replacement of carbonyl groups (C=O) with thionocarbonyl
groups (C=S). Mixtures of thionotriglycerides were obtained by reaction of 2,4-bis (p-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-dithia-2,4-diphosphetane-2,4-disulfide in suspension with triglycerides (TG). With a molar ratio (LR)/(TG)=3∶2,
there was complete exchange of C=O with C=S in the carboxylic groups of the TG. The yield is over 90%. The two P=S ligands
in the LR confer a double reactivity, producing a high power of thionation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed
for quantitative and qualitative characterization of the thionated TG and for monitoring the progress of partial or total
thionation as conditioned by the molar ratios of the starting compounds. Thus, with molar ration LR/TG of 0.108, 0.36, and
0.72, we obtained around 6, 20, and 40% of C=O conversion, respectively. 相似文献