几种云南木材液体浸渍行为的研究

研究了几种云南木材在水和有机液体中的浸渍行为 ,探讨了浸渍液体的溶解度参数、木材种类和密度、助浸剂、浸渍时间和压力以及电子束辐射 (EBI)等因素对木材的液体浸渍行为的影响     

A comparative study on the antioxidative and anti‐allergic activities of fresh and aged black garlic extracts

The antioxidative and anti‐allergic activities of fresh and aged black garlic extracts were investigated. The garlic samples were extracted with 70% ethanol (v/v) and the total phenolic content was measured. The antioxidant capacity of extracts was assessed by determining the scavenging activities on 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl radicals, ferricyanide reducing power, ferrous ion‐chelating ability and inhibitory effect on linoleic acid peroxidation. The anti‐allergic activity of extracts was analysed by measuring their inhibitory effects against β‐hexosaminidase release. The aged black garlic exhibited significantly higher phenolic content and greater antioxidative activity than fresh garlic. Both garlic extracts showed strong antioxidant capacity in a dose‐dependent manner. On the other hand, a considerably higher suppression of β‐hexosaminidase release was found in fresh garlic extract at lower concentration compared with that of the black garlic. Results of this study illustrate that ageing of garlic could enhance its antioxidant capacity, but could decrease its anti‐allergic activity.     

Effects of garlic oil on milk fatty acid profile and lipogenesis‐related gene expression in mammary gland of dairy goats

BACKGROUND: Garlic oil (GO) has blood lipid‐lowering effects. Milk fatty acid (FA) originates partly from plasma, and can be affected by the mammary lipogenesis. This study aimed to investigate GO effects on milk FA profile and mammary lipogenesis‐related gene expression. Early‐lactation goats were randomly allocated to four treatments with six goats each, and offered corn silage ad libitum and fixed amount of 0.79 kg day^?1 dry matter (DM) concentrate mixed with GO (0, 0.57, 1.14, 1.71 g kg^?1 DM) for 30 days consisting of 26‐day adaptation. RESULTS: Intake of corn silage reduced (P≤0.05) as GO level increased in the concentrate. Lipase activity and lactose content linearly increased, while non‐esterified FA concentration quadratically decreased with increasing GO level (P≤0.05). The proportions of short‐ and medium‐chain (C14:0, C15:0 and C16:0) and saturated FA decreased, whereas C18, cis9 trans11 conjugated linoleic acid (c9t11 CLA), t10c12 CLA, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FA, and some ≥ C20 FA proportions increased in a linear manner with increasing GO level (P≤0.05). The mRNA abundance of genes remained unchanged (P > 0.1) as GO level increased. CONCLUSION: Garlic oil altered milk FA profile and these effects may not be related to the mammary lipogenesis‐related genes expression. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

3株魏斯氏菌的分离鉴定与生物学特性研究

目的 对泡菜发酵初期魏斯氏菌进行分离鉴定,并探究其安全特性和益生特性。方法 采用平板对细菌进行分离,进行分离菌株生理生化鉴定和16S rDNA测序鉴定,检测其代谢产物毒性,抗生素敏感性,耐药基因,评价细菌的耐酸、耐胆盐、耐人工肠液、黏附能力、对胆固醇及甘油三酯的降解能力、抗氧化能力以及抑菌能力。结果 共筛选出3株魏斯氏菌,命名为融合魏斯氏菌C13、食窦魏斯氏菌G232和W212; 3株菌代谢产物无毒性,对14类21种抗生素表现出不同程度耐药,耐药基因检测C13携带四环素类耐药基因(tetM), G232和W212携带磺胺类耐药基因(sulⅡ); 3株菌能耐受pH 2～4和3.0 g/L以下的胆盐,在人工肠液中3 h后存活率超过76.80%; 3株菌的黏附能力好,疏水性为60.47%～62.69%,自凝聚率为43.76%～52.55%,共凝聚率为43.20%～61.58%;对胆固醇及甘油三酯的降解主要在前15 h;表现出一定的抗氧化能力,对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苦肼自由基清除率较高(清除率25.69%～58.12%),对超氧阴离子自由基清除率相对较低(10.08%～35.29%); ...     

维氏气单胞菌中AHLs介导的群体感应现象及大蒜提取物的干扰作用

以发酵鱼糜中分离的1株维氏气单胞菌为对象,分析该菌中N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯(AHLs)介导的群体感应现象,研究大蒜提取物作为群体感应抑制剂对该菌群体感应及腐败能力的干扰作用.结果表明,维氏气单胞菌至少产生3种AHLs信号分子,即C6-HSL、C7-HSL和C8-HSL.在细菌快速生长阶段,AHLs分子的活性不断增加;当细...     

Alliinase-independent Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus B33 by Heated Garlic

ABSTRACT: Heated (121 °C) garlic extract in which alliinase was inactivated before crushing exhibited complete bacteriostatic activity at 15% against Staphylococcus aureus. Garlic heated for 45 min showed the highest antibacterial activity and the relative peak areas of 4-heptenal, methyl allyl disulfide, diallyl disulfide, 2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiin, and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) were highest at 45 min of heating. Other than 4-heptenal, all these compounds are known to possess different degrees of antibacterial activity. DATS was thought to be the primary antibacterial compound in heated garlic extract. It was tentatively concluded that antibacterial compounds were formed from alliin unreacted by alliinase by marked heating. Diallyl compounds with more than three sulfur atoms and the oxidized form of allicin were not detected.     

低盐功能菊芋泡菜工艺研究

以菊芋为主要原料,研究低盐菊芋泡菜的制作工艺.试验结果表明:Vc(0.4％)和柠檬酸(0.2％)混合使用护色效果较好;菊芋泡菜最佳配方为菌种接种量为3％,食盐浓度为3％,加糖量为10％,香辛料的添加量为0.3％;低盐菊芋泡菜发酵的时间应为8天;菊芋中菊糖在整个发酵过程中含量略有降低.     

蒜辣酱油的研制

研制具有一定功能的保健酱油,以满足消费者生活水平提高,后更深层次的需求,不失为调味品企业在激烈的市场竞争中求得发展的一条途径。本文主要介绍了由公司研发室研制的蒜味酱油产品的生产工艺,操作要点及最佳配方的确定方法。     

大蒜绿变物质的提取及其分离

研究了提取及分离纯化大蒜绿变物质的方法。结果表明,体积分数为80%的甲醇溶液,按料液比1∶3(g:mL),室温浸提24h,提取效果最好;利用薄层层析法进行色素的分离纯化,确定展层剂为体积分数77%甲醇、3%乙酸乙酯、0.24%HCl的水溶液,最终能达到初步分离纯化的目的。     

蒜苔采后灰霉病害及生防拮抗菌的筛选研究

在蒜苔贮藏后期,从0℃冷库里发生灰霉病的蒜苔上分离到灰霉菌,经纯化和致病性鉴定得到灰霉属病原菌株。并且在其中并未发病的蒜苔分离到16种拮抗细菌,通过平板筛选法筛选出4株对灰霉菌具有拮抗作用的细菌,这4株拮抗菌在平板上对灰霉病菌的抑制力分别为:63.5%、47.6%、41.3%、38.1%。