单片机在管道强制输球清蜡装置中的应用

用AT89C2051单片机作控制核心，接口部分采用少量集成电路，使投球机除具有手动投球功能外，又能依据管道温度、自动改变投球间隔时间，具有一定的智能性，可靠性和实用性。     

可追溯的绿色安全猪肉生产系统研究

现在，养猪生产者滥用激素、微量元素和违禁药物饲养生猪，而消费者却无法识别这种猪肉，严重地威胁着消费者的食品卫生安全。为此，应用射频识别技术，采用综合软件管理，以一维条形码实行三网合一查验的方式来建立猪肉生产卫生安全跟踪系统，是保障消费者食品卫生安全的理想方法。     

The effects of glycol methacrylate as a dehydrating agent on the dimensional changes of liver tissue

The dimensional changes of liver sections during the course of processing with glycol methacrylate (GMA) or with ethanol are described. Tissue processing with ethanol served as a control. During prolonged processing steps (24 h each), linear shrinkage of tissue specimens dehydrated with GMA at room temperature was 13.2%. Subsequent infiltration with GMA resulted in trivial swelling, and polymerization in slight shrinkage (2.3%). In comparison, processing with cold GMA resulted in shrinkage during dehydration (about 10.8%), a slight swelling in pure GMA, followed by shrinkage during polymerization (2.2%). Short routine processing schedules resulted in similar shrinkage/swelling patterns, although precise values differed slightly. In all experiments, ethanolic dehydration resulted in smaller dimensional tissue changes than did GMA dehydration. The dimensional changes of tissue sections during stretching on water, mounting and drying compensated for the major part of the shrinkage manifested during processing.     

Distribution of diethylstilboestrol in pigs

The synthetic growth promoter diethylstilboestrol (DES) administered orally to pigs can be detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA) analysis of kidney, liver, faeces, bile and urine from animals fed continuously to slaughter, but not in muscle, fat or plasma. If treated animals are fed on material not containing DES for 72 h prior to slaughter, then the levels of parent compound and metabolite in all products decrease to become not significantly greater than those in control animals. The gross metabolism of DES in pigs and bovines appears to be similar.     

One-Step Generation of Multiple Gene-Edited Pigs by Electroporation of the CRISPR/Cas9 System into Zygotes to Reduce Xenoantigen Biosynthesis

Xenoantigens cause hyperacute rejection and limit the success of interspecific xenografts. Therefore, genes involved in xenoantigen biosynthesis, such as GGTA1, CMAH, and B4GALNT2, are key targets to improve the outcomes of xenotransplantation. In this study, we introduced a CRISPR/Cas9 system simultaneously targeting GGTA1, CMAH, and B4GALNT2 into in vitro-fertilized zygotes using electroporation for the one-step generation of multiple gene-edited pigs without xenoantigens. First, we optimized the combination of guide RNAs (gRNAs) targeting GGTA1 and CMAH with respect to gene editing efficiency in zygotes, and transferred electroporated embryos with the optimized gRNAs and Cas9 into recipient gilts. Next, we optimized the Cas9 protein concentration with respect to the gene editing efficiency when GGTA1, CMAH, and B4GALNT2 were targeted simultaneously, and generated gene-edited pigs using the optimized conditions. We achieved the one-step generation of GGTA1/CMAH double-edited pigs and GGTA1/CMAH/B4GALNT2 triple-edited pigs. Immunohistological analyses demonstrated the downregulation of xenoantigens; however, these multiple gene-edited pigs were genetic mosaics that failed to knock out some xenoantigens. Although mosaicism should be resolved, the electroporation technique could become a primary method for the one-step generation of multiple gene modifications in pigs aimed at improving pig-to-human xenotransplantation.     

The application of thermal sprayed coatings for pig iron ingot molds

Molds made of gray cast iron for casting pig iron ingots are subjected to severe temperature fluctuations. The main life- limiting factor for mold damage is the formation of surface cracks arising from thermal fa-tigue. Various flame and plasma sprayed coatings were investigated to extend the life of these molds. Coating materials studied include plasma sprayed ceramic coatings with bond coats as well as flame sprayed oxidation- resistant alloy powders. The results of cyclic furnace tests from room temperature to 1100 °C in air, simulating the thermal cycle in casting, indicated that failure occurred along the interface between the bond coat and the gray iron substrate because of iron oxidation, and not at the interface between the ceramic top coat-ing and the bond coating for a superalloy substrate. The field test results indicated that plasma sprayed alumina coatings with 200 μm top coating thickness are the most promising materials for pig iron casting.     

为铸造厂生产优质铸造生铁已刻不容缓

论述了优质铸铁件,特别是球铁、等温淬火球铁（ADI）和蠕铁件的市场需求及生产这些铸件必需的优质铸造生铁（包括高纯生铁）成分要求;指出优质铸造生铁大都是小高炉生产的,由于国家有关部门下令关闭200 m3以下的高炉,造成优质铸铁件必需的原材料缺乏危机;建议国家有关部门均衡考虑制造业中各行业的发展,有计划地落实铸造生铁,特别是优质铸造生铁和高纯生铁的生产和供应问题.     

基于对称像素块识别的病猪行为监测系统

针对传统人工观察方法不能及时发现群养猪患病的缺点,设计一种病猪行为自动监测系统。该系统基于高级RISC微处理器平台,对群养猪的排泄行为进行24 h监控,采用改进的运动目标检测算法和基于像素块对称特征的图像识别算法定位具有异常行为的疑似病猪,将报警图像通过GPRS网络传送至监控中心。实验结果表明,该系统具有较好的实时性和监测效果,通用性强。     

猪血深加工企业与屠宰场行为博弈分析——基于契约型组织模式

通过建立监控—违约博弈模型,选择猪肉供应链中的猪血深加工企业与生猪屠宰场两个相邻供应链结点,分析两者间静态与动态博弈关系,利用博弈模型导出双方行为选择的临界点,并以此为核心,展开分析各相关因素对双方博弈行为的影响,为双方在供应链中的行为选择提供参考依据,以促进双方形成互惠共赢、稳定合作的稳定关系,从而优化与完善整条供应链。     

基于PLC的牲猪屠宰生产线三线同步控制

以牲猪屠宰过程中实现酮体解剖输送线、红脏线和白脏线的三线同步控制为研究对象,采用PLC和变频器组合的控制方案,提出了适于PLC控制、能在三线传动过程中实现高精度稳速控制及同步控制的控制策略,并对系统进行了硬件和软件设计.完全实现了三线准确定位和同步运行,避免了因电机性能差异和三线中负载波动对控制性能的影响.