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排序方式: 共有289条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Shim JH Kim YW Kim TJ Chae HY Park JH Cha H Kim JW Kim YR Schaefer T Spendler T Moon TW Park KH 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》2004,17(3):205-211
In an effort to improve the properties of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) as an antistaling enzyme, error-prone PCR was used to introduce random mutations into a CGTase cloned from alkalophilic Bacillus sp. I-5 (CGTase I-5). A mutant CGTase[3-18] with the three mutations M234T, F259I and V591A was selected by agar plate assay. Sequence alignment of various CGTases indicated that M234 and F259 are located in the vicinity of the catalytic sites of the enzyme and V591 in the starch binding domain E. The cyclization activity of CGTase[3-18] was dramatically decreased by 10-fold, while the hydrolyzing activity was increased by up to 15-fold. These mutations near subsite +1 (M234T) and at subsite +2 (F259I) are likely to alter the enzyme activity in a concerted manner, promoting hydrolysis of substrate while retarding cyclization. The addition of CGTase[3-18] reduced the retrogradation rate of bread by as much as did the commercial antistaling enzyme Novamyl during 7-day storage at 4 degrees C. No cyclodextrin (CD) was detected in bread treated with CGTase[3-18], whereas 21 mg of CD per 10 g of bread was produced in bread treated with wild-type CGTase. 相似文献
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利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对8种大米淀粉的回生特性进行了研究,通过SPSS软件对大米淀粉的理化指标与回生特性的相关性进行了分析 试验结果表明:大米淀粉的回生主要是由支链淀粉的重结晶引起 直链淀粉的含量与支链淀粉重结晶成核速率有显著正相关,但与支链淀粉最终重结晶程度没有显著相关 因此可以推断直链淀粉通过参与支链淀粉晶核的形成来影响支链淀粉的重结晶过程,但不参与支链淀粉后期晶体的生长和稳定 相似文献
3.
大米淀粉回生特性及控制技术研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
大米是我国的主食原料之一,在储藏过程中容易出现硬度增加、黏性下降、脱水等品质劣化现象,制约了大米主食品的发展.大米的主要成分淀粉易回生是导致大米主食品储藏过程中品质劣变的主要因素之一,本文重点阐述了大米淀粉的结构及大米中其他主要成分对回生特性的影响.根据国内外的研究动态,综述了常用于控制大米淀粉回生的技术方法,以期为大米主食品的品质改良、延长大米主食品的货架期提供思路. 相似文献
4.
Wattinee Katekhong Sanguansri Charoenrein 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2014,49(10):2283-2289
This study investigated the effect of rice grain ageing (0.7–12 months) and freeze‐thaw 1–5 cycles on the textural properties of cooked rice. The cooked rice from aged rice grains was freezing and thawing up to five cycles. Ageing of the rice grain increased the hardness and decreased the stickiness of the cooked rice. Repeated freeze‐thaw cycles caused an increase in hardness and a decrease in stickiness of aged cooked rice. Scanning electron micrographs showed a rough surface on the cooked rice after repeated freeze‐thaw cycles, especially for cooked rice from rice aged for 12 months. Differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction showed increased starch retrogradation with increased freeze‐thaw cycles. The gelatinisation temperature and gelatinisation enthalpy increased when rice was aged for longer periods. Thus, ageing of rice and the number of freeze‐thaw cycles influence the textural properties of cooked rice. 相似文献
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采用布拉班德黏度仪、差示扫描量热仪等测定芒果皮粉的添加对玉米淀粉和大米淀粉黏度、热特性、透光率、沉降率、凝胶硬度与色泽的影响。结果表明,随芒果皮粉添加量(0%~15%)的增加,2种淀粉的起糊温度逐渐降低,玉米淀粉糊峰值黏度在添加15%芒果皮粉时显著升高,崩解值增大;大米淀粉糊峰值黏度呈降低趋势,崩解值先降低后升高,2种淀粉回生值都显著降低。芒果皮粉的添加显著降低了2种淀粉的糊化和老化焓值及贮藏中透光率与沉降率的下降程度,减小玉米淀粉凝胶的硬度,降低了2种淀粉凝胶色泽的变化程度。说明芒果皮粉的添加影响淀粉的糊化特性,且影响趋势随淀粉品种不同而异,但能有效抑制2种淀粉的老化。 相似文献
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Meiqin Feng Xue Yang Jian Sun Xinglian Xu Guanghong Zhou 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2018,53(5):1287-1293
This study aimed to investigate the effect of flaxseed gum (FG) on the retrogradation of maize starch (MS) gels under different storage temperatures. In this work, MS‐FG gels with 0–0.4% FG were stored under different temperatures (–20, 4 and 20 °C). Under all storage temperatures, the addition of FG inhibited the retrogradation process of MS, suppressed the recrystallisation of starch molecules, reduced the water loss of starch gels and improved the texture of the gels. Among the three storage temperatures, ?20 °C could almost stop the starch retrogradation but leading it results in the hardest gel texture. The retrogradation of MS‐FG gels stored under 4 °C was most serious with the fastest rate of recrystallisation. When stored at 20 °C, the gels had a retrogradation degree that was lower than when they were stored at 4 °C and also had the softest texture. 相似文献
9.
Kang Zhang Rong‐rong Wang Kai‐rui Zhang Fei Cheng Yu Tian Yi Lin Mi Zhou Pu‐xin Zhu 《Polymer International》2020,69(3):274-279
A series of hyperbranched poly(citric polyethylene glycol) (PCPEG) materials with varied polyethylene glycol (PEG) chain lengths as plasticizers were mixed with maize starch (MS) via cooking and film‐forming. The structure, pasting property, plasticization, aging property, moisture absorption and compatibility of plasticized starches were studied by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, rapid viscosity analysis, tension testing, moisture absorption measurements and scanning electron microscopy. Compared with PEG and citric acid, PCPEG was more effective in promoting starch chain movement and inhibiting the retrogradation of starch film. Also, PCPEG/MS had smaller moisture content. The longer the plasticizer chain, the better were the aging resistance and moisture resistance of starch. But with an increase of PEG chain length, mechanical properties of PCPEG/MS deteriorated and the compatibility between PCPEG and MS decreased. The hyperbranched derivative of PEG with longer chain exhibited improved plasticization and compatibility with starch. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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