The effects of bleached and unbleached rosemary oleoresins on light-sensitized oxidation of soybean oil

Bleached and unbleached forms of a rosemary oleoresin (RO) in stripped and nonstripped soybean oil behave both as antioxidant and prooxidant in a light-induced oxidative system. At 0.02 and 0.05% levels, RO had the greatest antioxidant activity, while at 0.01 and 0.5% levels it had the highest prooxidant activity in both stripped and nonstripped soybean oil. Treatment of both soybean oil systems with tertiary butylhydroquinone controlled light-induced oxidation of the oil better than did the oleoresin treatments. The prooxidant activity of the 0.5% RO level was probably due to an excess of prooxidant components being carried into the oil at that level, whereas the reduced antioxidant activity at 0.01% was probably due to the low initial level of active antioxidant components being added to the oil. Published as Journal Series No. 10072, Nebraska Agricultural Research Division, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0919.     

几种抗氧化剂对棉籽油氧化稳定性的影响

利用Rancimat法研究3种天然抗氧化剂迷迭香提取物、茶多酚、维生素E(VE)及合成抗氧化剂特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)对棉籽油抗氧化性能的影响。通过在棉籽油样品中添加不同质量浓度的单一和复合配比的抗氧化剂,分别测定诱导时间并考察抗氧化效果。结果表明,在棉籽油中单一抗氧化剂的抗氧化性能依次为TBHQ>迷迭香>茶多酚>VE;在复合抗氧化剂组合中,迷迭香提取物与茶多酚以3:1进行复配时具良好的协同增效作用;当3种天然抗氧化剂与TBHQ进行复配时,其抗氧化效果优于同等质量浓度的单一天然抗氧化剂。      

迷迭香和绿茶提取物对25℃贮藏茄香酱汁品质的影响

研究在茄香酱汁中分别添加迷迭香提取物0.1 g/kg(RE0.1)和0.25 g/kg(RE0.25)、绿茶提取物0.05 g/kg(GT0.05)和0.1 g/kg(GT0.1),评价在25℃贮藏15 d过程中茄香酱汁品质变化规律。结果显示在25℃贮藏过程中,绿茶提取物未抑制茄香酱汁中微生物生长,GT0.05和GT0.1的货架期分别为5 d和8 d,而迷迭香提取物显著抑制微生物生长,RE0.1和RE0.25在15 d内菌落总数均未超标;同时,RE0.25在8 d对茄香酱汁原有风味没有影响,而RE0.1在15 d内对茄香酱汁的风味、p H和盐度均未产生显著影响。因此,添加迷迭香提取物0.1g/kg可以保持茄香酱汁品质,延长其货架期至15 d。      

迷迭香提取物对真空包装熟猪肉饼抗氧化和抑菌效果的影响

以真空包装熟猪肉饼为试材,探讨不同质量分数迷迭香提取物的抗氧化、抑菌能力及其对肉饼品质的影响。将0.03%、0.06%和0.09%的迷迭香提取物分别添加到肉饼中,对肉饼在10 d冷藏期间的硫代巴比妥酸（thiobarbituricacid reactive substance,TBARS）值、菌落总数、挥发性盐基氮（total volatile basic nitrogen,TVB-N）含量、pH值、红度值（a*）和质构进行测定,并与0.02%二丁基羟基甲苯（butylated hydroxytoluene,BHT）进行比较。结果表明：添加迷迭香提取物的各处理组抗脂肪氧化能力高于空白对照组（P＜0.05）,迷迭香提取物添加量为0.09%的处理组在前7 d的冷藏过程中抑菌能力显著高于空白对照组（P＜0.05）。添加迷迭香提取物的各处理组TVB-N含量在冷藏4 d后显著低于空白对照组,而pH值在整个冷藏过程中均显著低于空白对照组（P＜0.05）。在冷藏1 d后,添加0.09%迷迭香提取物的肉饼a*值与空白对照组相比显著上升,而在冷藏7、10 d后,添加迷迭香提取物的各处理组a*值均显著升高（P＜0.05）。此外,添加迷迭香提取物的各处理组咀嚼性在冷藏4、7、10 d后显著升高,硬度在冷藏1、10 d后显著升高,迷迭香提取物添加量为0.09%的肉饼在冷藏4、7 d后硬度也显著提升（P＜0.05）。可见,迷迭香提取物能有效抑制真空包装熟猪肉饼的脂肪氧化及微生物生长,并且能在一定程度上改善其颜色和质构。     

Oxidative stability of palm‐ and soybean‐based medium‐ and long‐chain triacylglycerol (MLCT) oil blends

BACKGROUND: Medium‐ and long‐chain triacylglyerols (MLCT) enzymatically esterified using Lipozyme RM IM lipase has very low oxidative stability as it does not contain any antioxidants. The aim of this work was to study the ability of various antioxidants to increase the oxidative stability of palm‐ and soybean‐based MLCT blends which assist to bring up the oxidative stability of both MLCT blends. In this study, the effectiveness of rosemary extracts, sage extracts, tert‐butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) and mixtures of tert‐butyl‐4‐hydroxyanisole (BHA) and tert‐butyl‐p‐hydroxytoluene (BHT) in protecting against oxidation of various MLCT blends was investigated. RESULTS: Blending of MLCT oil with either palm olein or soybean oil improved its smoke point values and oxidative stability. TBHQ addition to both palm‐ and soybean‐based MLCT blends increased oxidative stability. Combination of BHA and BHT showed no significant improvement (P > 0.05) in ability to protect blends from oxidation compared to natural antioxidants such as sage or rosemary extracts. CONCLUSION: Blended oils with 500 g kg^?1 MLCT and 500 g kg^?1 palm olein (MP5) were the most suitable for use at high temperature based on the fatty acid composition of the MLCT blends, which subsequently had an effect on thermal oxidative stability. In general, addition of either natural or synthetic antioxidant assisted in improving the antioxidative strength of both MLCT blends. MLCT blends with added TBHQ showed the highest thermal oxidative stability among the antioxidants used. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

迭香精油活性贴对鲜切猪肉保鲜效果的研究

目的 为了提高迷迭香精油(REO)的稳定性,开发出一种安全、便捷的实用型活性包装。方法 以迷迭香精油为活性成分,采用三步法(乳化、包埋、多层复合)制备出精油缓释活性贴,并验证其对鲜切猪肉的保鲜效果。结果 在4 ℃下,不同比例的迷迭香精油活性贴均可在一定程度上抑制鲜切猪肉的腐败变质,最佳处理效果的体积比为4∶6,贮藏至第6天时,猪肉的pH值、挥发性盐基氮(TVB–N)含量、硫代巴比妥酸(TBARS)值较空白对照(CK)分别降低了0.7 mg/g、0.073 1 mg/g、0.63 mg/kg;延缓了猪肉色度、汁液流失率、菌落总数(TVC)、感官品质的变化,可延长鲜切猪肉货架期2 d左右。结论 制备的缓释型活性贴具有稳定性好、操作简单易行的优势。作为绿色、可生物降解的包装材料,在食品保鲜领域具有潜在的应用价值。     

明胶-壳聚糖-迷迭香提取物复合膜对南美白对虾品质的影响

以鱼皮明胶、壳聚糖为复合膜基质材料,通过添加迷迭香提取物制备明胶-壳聚糖-迷迭香提取物复合膜(G-C-RE),并研究G-C-RE复合膜对冷藏南美白对虾的保鲜效果。结果表明,经G-C-RE复合膜涂膜处理的南美白对虾菌落总数、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)、硫代巴比妥酸值(TBARS)均显著低于对照(P<0.05)。相对于明胶-壳聚糖复合膜(G-C),添加迷迭香提取物能够减缓蛋白氧化,显著降低蛋白质羰基含量(P<0.05)。G-C-RE复合膜可改善南美白对虾的黑变程度,维持较高的感官评分,保持虾的良好品质。明胶-壳聚糖-迷迭香提取物复合膜可作为新型保鲜包装材料用于水产品的品质。     

Influence of chitosan/clay functional bionanocomposite activated with rosemary essential oil on the shelf life of fresh silver carp

A combination of chitosan biopolymer, nanoclay and rosemary essential oil was prepared as a functional bionanocomposite (FBN). Its ability to improve the shelf life of refrigerated (4 ± 1 °C) silver carp fillets was studied. The fresh fillets were left untreated as a control or coated with chitosan, chitosan/clay bionanocomposite and chitosan/clay/rosemary essential oil (Ch/clay/REO) FBN. Then, they were evaluated for chemical, microbial and sensory properties over 16‐day storage. The samples coated with the FBN had the lowest pH and total volatile basic nitrogen. Ch/clay/REO coating efficiently retarded lipid oxidation by decreasing peroxide, free fatty acid and thiobarbituric acid production in the samples. The coating also reduced total viable and psychrotrophic count of the fillets more than 1.5 log by the end of storage.