A Student's t-based density peaks clustering with superpixel segmentation (tDPCSS) method for image color clustering

Image color clustering is a basic technique in image processing and computer vision, which is often applied in image segmentation, color transfer, contrast enhancement, object detection, skin color capture, and so forth. Various clustering algorithms have been employed for image color clustering in recent years. However, most of the algorithms require a large amount of memory or a predetermined number of clusters. In addition, some of the existing algorithms are sensitive to the parameter configurations. In order to tackle the above problems, we propose an image color clustering method named Student's t-based density peaks clustering with superpixel segmentation (tDPCSS), which can automatically obtain clustering results, without requiring a large amount of memory, and is not dependent on the parameters of the algorithm or the number of clusters. In tDPCSS, superpixels are obtained based on automatic and constrained simple non-iterative clustering, to automatically decrease the image data volume. A Student's t kernel function and a cluster center selection method are adopted to eliminate the dependence of the density peak clustering on parameters and the number of clusters, respectively. The experiments undertaken in this study confirmed that the proposed approach outperforms k-means, fuzzy c-means, mean-shift clustering, and density peak clustering with superpixel segmentation in the accuracy of the cluster centers and the validity of the clustering results.     

Modeling of the ductile damage – Application for bar shearing

The finite element method is becoming a reliable tool for designing manufacturing processes. Even in bar shearing, which is a basic operation in the metalworking industry, the finite element method is increasingly employed for the optimization of the process. Ductile damage modeling is crucial thereby. Recent experimental investigations have shown that, in particular, triaxiality and temperature must be considered in the constitutive description of damage in the shear zone. In this context, the Hooputra's criterion is in this work applied for the numerical simulation of shearing taking account of different stress states and temperatures. The parameterization of the model is based on wide experimental investigations. Characterization tests on smooth and notched cylindrical specimens as well as on flat shear specimens are carried out. The selected material for this investigation is the aluminum alloy AW6082. Subsequently, the numerical calculation of shearing is performed. By comparing the simulation results with data from experimental shearing, the importance of the consideration of the temperature gradients and the different triaxiality values in the shear zone is proven.     

古陶片年龄与烧结温度测定中的计算机模拟

介绍用已知年龄和烧结温度的古陶片穆斯堡尔超精细参数与年龄和烧结温度的实验关系曲线作基础，应用计算机模拟程序，自动求出未知陶片的年龄和最高烧结温度的方法。     

堇青石基玻璃陶瓷的制备与展望

介绍了制备堇青石基玻璃陶瓷的三种方法：熔融法、烧结法和溶胶-凝胶法，综述了玻璃组成、添加剂和成核剂对堇青石基玻璃陶瓷的烧结及性能的影响，并对其未来的发展进行了展望。     

Breakdown characteristics of oil and paper insulation for a very fast transient voltage

This paper describes the dielectric breakdown characteristics of oil and oil‐impregnated paper for very fast transient (VFT) voltages. Blumlein circuits generate VFT voltages of 60 and 300 ns in a pulse width that simulates disconnecting switching surges in gas‐insulated switch gears. We measured the breakdown voltages of needle‐to‐plane, plane‐to‐plane oil gaps and several pieces of paper between plane electrodes for VFT and lightning impulse voltages. The measured data were formulated in <i>V‐t</i> characteristics and Weibull probability distributions. The inclination <i>n</i> of <i>V‐t</i> characteristics of insulating paper is 150, which is less than <i>n</i> = 13.7 of the plane‐to‐plane oil gap in the VFT time range. The shape parameters of Weibull distribution obtained in this study show that the scattering of breakdown voltages of paper is much less than that of oil. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 141(4): 16–24, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10043     

用电话网实现远程监控自动化

分析了偏僻高山上通信机房和电气房要进行监控的内容和特点等，探讨 了用经济、可靠的电话交换网实现远程监控自动化的方案和实施办法。该设计根据监控对象 的特点，利用现有的电话网络和程控交换机实现远程监控，不需要专用通信传输通道，不需 要增加硬件和软件，成本低，技术成熟，容易实现。     

电容比和方向性对自给能γ剂量计探头的影响

本文给出了自给能γ剂量计探头在γ射线照射下积累电荷的测量结果，讨论了电容比和方向性对自给能γ剂量计探头的影响以及探头的饱和点。     

加速SPICE进行三维电磁分析

互连结构的电磁分析越来越受到人们的重视.针对三维互连,A.E.Ruehli提出了部分元等效电路法.但该法生成的等效电路具有紧耦合性,用SPICE进行分析时稀疏矩阵技术已失去原先的优越性.本文采用广义残量法作为大型紧耦合线性方程组的求解工具以取代SPICE中的LU分解法,并辅以初值预估.实际计算表明,本文的方法提高了运算速度.广义残量法也可用于矩量法的方程求解中.     

Premodification of Pt/γAl2O3 with Cinchonidine for the Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Ethyl Pyruvate: Effect of Premodification Conditions on Reaction Rate and Enantioselection

The premodification of a 5 wt% Pt/<img src="/content/m51x787331t24l32/xxlarge947.gif" alt="gamma" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst with cinchonidine (0.01 and 0.2 g g<sup>-1</sup> <sub>catalyst</sub>) is described and discussed. Premodification is carried out by treating the catalyst with a solution of cinchonidine followed by solvent removal. Catalysts premodified in this way give the same ee and initial rate of reaction for the enantioselective hydrogenation of ethyl pyruvate as those using the standard <i>in situ</i> modification procedure. Investigations of different solvents for premodification and reaction (dichloromethane, ethanol) show that it is the solvent used for the reaction that controls the observed enantioselection. Premodified catalysts also display the initial transient behavior typically observed with <i>in situ</i> modified catalysts in which the ee increases with conversion in the early part of the reaction. Premodified catalysts show an enhanced rate of reaction when ethanol is used as the reaction solvent compared with <i>in situ</i> modified catalysts under the same conditions. Premodification using aerobic conditions gives the best results and premodified catalysts can be stored prior to use for up to a week without loss of catalytic performance.