基于淮河中游鱼类不同等级生境保护目标的生态需水

随着社会经济发展,生产生活用水长期挤占生态环境用水,造成河道断流、生境破坏、生态系统恶化等一系列生态环境问题。针对淮河流域目前的水生态环境问题,以淮河中游鱼类为研究对象,通过分析河段天然流量过程,以淮河流域生态恢复为目标,建立鱼类保护目标概念模型,采用IHA及EFC指标体系分析天然流量变化特性,并用HEC-RAS模型基于鱼类生态水力需求确定流量值大小,得出符合天然流量动态变化且满足不同等级生境目标需求的生态需水推荐结果,可为淮河流域水资源优化配置提供依据。     

HEC-RAS在河道整治工程方案优化中的应用

为分析论证绣源河景观整治方案的可行性和合理性,尽可能减少景观工程对河道行洪能力的影响,利用HEC -RAS软件对整治后的河道水面线进行了多方案分析计算.结果表明:原8#滚水坝设计方案存在一定问题,造成上游水位壅高值偏大,给河道两岸堤防及跨河桥梁的防洪安全带来隐患;若将8#滚水坝加长至300 m,坝顶高程和坝前河底高程不变,则经十东路桥和章丘大道桥梁底标高均能满足100 a一遇洪水防洪要求,但待建桥的梁底标高不能满足50 a一遇洪水防洪要求,需对其进行调整.     

HEC—RAS在溢洪道水面线计算中的应用

HEC—RAS软件是一款在国内外河道水面线计算中广泛运用的软件,但是在中小型水库溢洪道水面线计算中应用较少。通过工程实例将HEC—RAS计算结果与传统水面线计算结果相比较,该软件计算溢洪道水面线既省时又精确,还可获得流速、水头等其它结果,所以可在今后的设计中推广应用。     

HEC-RAS模型在密江特大桥防洪评价中的应用

介绍了HEC-RAS模型计算桥梁壅水的基本原理和主要步骤,并以吉林市至珲春市高速铁路客运专线密江特大桥的壅水计算为实例,采用HEC-RAS模型,模拟了300年一遇、100年一遇、50年一遇、20年一遇以及10年一遇设计洪水频率下建桥前后的河道水面线,进而求得桥梁阻水壅高值和壅水长度。计算结果表明,HEC-RAS模型在分析计算桥梁对河道的阻水壅高影响时方便实用,工程适用性较好,可供防洪工程决策制定的参考。     

基于HEC-RAS和GIS的小东川河流域沿河村落山洪淹没范围确定

模拟预测山西省吕梁市小东川河流域的山洪淹没范围,可为山区小流域防洪减灾、水利工程建设、山洪预警和人员转移等方面提供理论依据。利用河流分析系统(HEC-RAS)模型计算山洪水位—流量关系,并与GIS相结合绘制出洪泛区范围,最终实现吕梁市小东川河流域五年一遇、二十年一遇和百年一遇的洪水淹没范围的二维可视化。模拟结果表明,该模型操作便捷,模拟效果较好,模拟结果满足防洪规划要求,为山区小流域山洪评价提供了新方法。     

尾闾段河网一维水流数学模型应用研究

尾闾段河网常常是连接上下游的水上通航要道,且上游洪水需要通过尾闾段河网下泄,这就使得尾闾段河网水流运动的研究成为非常重要和十分必要的课题之一.在对尾闾段河网水流的运动特点及一维河网计算的研究现状评述的基础上,选用自编程序“河网水动力模型”和商用软件HEC-RAS分别建立一维河网水流模型,应用于赣江尾闾段,针对洪水流量、中水流量和枯水流量分别计算沿程水位.在洪水流量下,根据计算所得的水面线,找出各主要站点的水位作为警戒水位,当该站点水位有接近警戒水位的趋势时,提请有关部门应做好防洪工作.在中水期,主要考虑造床流量的影响.在枯水期,根据计算得出的水位,得到各主要站点的最低通航水位,为枯水期能否顺利通航提供依据.     

Analysis of the effect of regional lateral inflow on the flood peak of the Three Gorges Reservoir

The Three Gorges Region(TGR),located at the lower reach of the Upper Yangtze River Basin(UYRB) in China,suffers from heavy rainstorm frequently.The runoff generated from TGR composes an important part of the total flood at the famous Three Gorges Reservoir(TGRe).During the severe flood period in 1954,for example,the water from TGR accounted for up to 13.2% of the 30-days maximum flood volume of the UYRB.Considering the short and steep tributaries with rapid concentration,the regional lateral inflow(RLI) may...     

Impact of Lake Michigan water level rise on complex bidirectional flow in the Chicago Area Waterway System (CAWS)

In the past decade, continuously rising water levels in Lake Michigan have been threatening lakefront areas, especially in metropolitan regions like the Greater Chicago area. This provides the motivation to analyze the impact that high lake levels have on the Chicago Area Waterway System (CAWS). As the only primary free connection between the CAWS and Lake Michigan, the Calumet Area waterway subsystem plays a key and unique role. In this work, a numerical model covering the Calumet subsystem and having Lake Michigan as a boundary condition, is set up, calibrated, and validated using limited field observations. It is found that the Calumet subsystem has become bidirectional, where both discharge and flow directions are controlled by lake levels. When lake levels are below −0.15 m (-0.5 ft, Chicago City Datum, CCD), the discharge in the Grand Calumet River is around zero, with water flowing along its east branch towards Indiana. When lake levels are above +0.46 m (+1.5 ft, CCD), the flow reverses direction and drains west into Illinois. In 2020, the mean lake-level was at +1.07 m (+3.5 ft, CCD), and the base discharge in the Grand Calumet River was approximately 8.5 m³/s (300 ft³/s). The higher Lake Michigan’s level is, the larger the discharge would be into Illinois. Potential impact of this extra discharge on Lake Michigan Diversion Accounting (LMDA) of the State of Illinois and flood management in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal (CSSC), is analyzed; while the nature of the bidirectional flows is characterized with the intent of shedding light on this complex phenomenon.     

Arc View GIS耦合HEC—RAS模型的应用研究

以金盆水库为例,利用Arc View GIS耦合HEC—RAS模型模拟了该水库在校核洪水情况下（P=0．05％）,水库下游区域的洪水演进过程,计算洪水淹没范围并成图,并对模拟结果进行了分析．