基于广义Hoek-Brown准则的节理岩体力学参数折剪计算

节理化岩体力学参数是矿山工程地质和稳定性分析的重要基础数据,一般在实验室通过单轴、三轴试验只能得到岩石的力学参数,无法得到岩体的力学参数。目前,利用岩石力学参数确定岩体力学参数的方法较多,但都过于烦琐或准确度不高,急需一种新的简易确定方法。因此,通过利用基于广义Hoek-Brown准则的地质强度指标（GSI法）,并结合相应的岩土分析软件,强度折剪岩石力学参数值,从而得到岩体的力学参数。通过将该方法应用于赤峰中色白音诺尔矿业有限公司岩体力学参数的计算中,证明采用该方法考虑岩体的结构面和完整性,可较为准确地反映节理化岩体的力学特性,且方便可行,具有工程实用价值。?     

基于Hoek-Brown准则的深部岩体力学参数及其应用

基于Hoek-Brown经验强度准则,采用最小二乘法拟合出岩体力学强度参数,并与H-B_02ed推荐的等面积拟合结果进行对比,结果发现两种拟合方法得出的岩体内摩擦角数值相差很小,但等面积拟合法得出的黏聚力强度远高于最小二乘拟合法。将两种强度参数拟合结果应用于深部矿体开采的数值模拟,发现采用最小二乘拟合法的岩体强度参数其模拟结果更接近工程实际。该方法对深部岩体力学参数的确定具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Zonal disintegration phenomenon in enclosing rock mass surrounding deep tunnels -- Elasto-plastic analysis of stress field of enclosing rock mass

The zonal disintegration phenomenon (ZDP) is a typical phenomenon in deep block rock masses. In order to investigate the mechanism of ZDP, an improved non-linear Hock-Brown strength criterion and a bi-linear constitutive model of rock mass were used to analyze the elasto-plastic stress field of the enclosing rock mass around a deep round tunnel. The radius of the plastic region and stress of the enclosing rock mass were obtained by introducing dimensionless parameters of radial distance. The results show that tunneling in deep rock mass causes a maximum stress zone to appear in the vicinity of the boundary of the elastic and the plas-tic zone in the surrounding rock mass. Under the compression of a large tangential force and a small radial force, the rock mass in the maximum stress zone was in an approximate uniaxial loading state, which could lead to a split failure in the rock mass.     

Upper bound limit analysis of roof collapse in shallow tunnels with arbitrary cross sections under condition of seepage force

The analytical solutions for predicting the exact shape of collapse mechanisms in shallow tunnels with arbitrary excavation profiles were obtained by virtue of the upper bound theorem of limit analysis and variation principle according to Hoek-Brown failure criterion. The seepage force was included in the upper bound limit analysis, and it was computed from the gradient of excess pore pressure distribution. The seepage was regarded as a work rate of external force. The numerical results of roof collapse in square and circular tunnels with different rock parameters were derived and discussed, which proves to be valid in comparison with the previous work. The influences of different parameters on the shape of collapsing blocks were also discussed.     

Hoek-Brown经验强度准则的修正及应用

对Hoek-Brown强度准则中岩体地质力学指标GSI和扰动参数D的评估值进行统计分析发现,不同评估者对岩体GSI值的评估有较强的一致性,而对D值的评估则呈现很高离散性．扰动参数D的评估值的离散性是岩体力学参数估计值可靠度降低的主要原因,因此,对Hoek-Brown经验强度准则而言,给出一种更为准确的D值确定方法是十分必要的．通过分析现有的岩体扰动参数确定方法的局限性以及基于声波测试理论的岩体完整性评价方法,探讨了基于声波传播速度的扰动参数D的确定方法以及在实际工程中考虑或忽略开挖扰动的基本原则,并通过有限元算例与Hoek等人的理论进行了比较．     

大光包滑坡滑带碎裂岩体原位钻孔剪切试验研究

安县大光包滑坡是汶川地震触发的最大规模滑坡,滑坡南侧暴露长约1.8 km顺层滑带,其岩体高度碎裂化,引起广泛关注。为准确评价滑带碎裂岩体的强度参数,笔者在前人研究的基础上开展了细致的野外调查工作,采用法国Phicometre岩土两用原位钻孔剪切试验仪对大光包滑坡滑带碎裂岩体进行了原位剪切试验。将试验结果与Hoek–Brown岩体强度准则估值和基于工程地质类比法的力学参数建议值进行了对比分析。基于以上研究,提出了大光包滑坡南侧顺层滑带碎裂岩体力学参数建议值:内聚力为245~480 k Pa,内摩擦角为25.0°~26.5°。     

金山店铁矿充填法试验采场岩体力学参数的确定

矿岩自稳条件是制约阶段嗣后充填法采用以及实施效率的重要因素,其中,局部矿岩接触破碎带的稳定性严重影响着采场的整体稳定性。以金山店铁矿西区充填法试验矿块为工程背景,以室内岩石力学试验为基础,综合GSI围岩分级系统、Hoek-Brown强度准则、Georgi法与费森科法,对室内岩石力学参数进行折减,更加合理地确定岩体力学参数,为采场稳定性分析与支护设计提供岩石力学的支持。     

Slope reliability and back analysis of failure with geotechnical parameters estimated using Bayesian inference

A Bayesian approach is proposed for the inference of the geotechnical parameters used in slope design. The methodology involves the construction of posterior probability distributions that combine prior information on the parameter values with typical data from laboratory tests and site investigations used in design. The posterior distributions are often complex, multidimensional functions whose analysis requires the use of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. These procedures are used to draw representative samples of the parameters investigated, providing information on their best estimate values, variability and correlations. The paper describes the methodology to define the posterior distributions of the input parameters for slope design and the use of these results for evaluation of the reliability of a slope with the first order reliability method (FORM). The reliability analysis corresponds to a forward stability analysis of the slope where the factor of safety (FS) is calculated with a surrogate model from the more likely values of the input parameters. The Bayesian model is also used to update the estimation of the input parameters based on the back analysis of slope failure. In this case, the condition FS = 1 is treated as a data point that is compared with the model prediction of FS. The analysis requires a sufficient number of observations of failure to outbalance the effect of the initial input parameters. The parameters are updated according to their uncertainty, which is determined by the amount of data supporting them. The methodology is illustrated with an example of a rock slope characterised with a Hoek-Brown rock mass strength. The example is used to highlight the advantages of using Bayesian methods for the slope reliability analysis and to show the effects of data support on the results of the updating process from back analysis of failure.     

The Hoek–Brown failure criterion and GSI – 2018 edition

The Hoek–Brown criterion was introduced in 1980 to provide input for the design of underground excavations in rock. The criterion now incorporates both intact rock and discontinuities, such as joints, characterized by the geological strength index (GSI), into a system designed to estimate the mechanical behaviour of typical rock masses encountered in tunnels, slopes and foundations. The strength and deformation properties of intact rock, derived from laboratory tests, are reduced based on the properties of discontinuities in the rock mass. The nonlinear Hoek–Brown criterion for rock masses is widely accepted and has been applied in many projects around the world. While, in general, it has been found to provide satisfactory estimates, there are several questions on the limits of its applicability and on the inaccuracies related to the quality of the input data. This paper introduces relatively few fundamental changes, but it does discuss many of the issues of utilization and presents case histories to demonstrate practical applications of the criterion and the GSI system.     

Hoek-Brown经验准则在边坡参数确定中的应用

根据LNG场地边坡在开挖后出现的多处坍塌，对其原因进行了分析，提出采用Hoek-Brown经验强度准则来计算边坡岩体力学参数，对原设计方案修改，并对施工后的边坡进行了变形监测，验证了参数选取的合理性。