花岗岩风化层和承压水条件下的深基坑渗流分析和计算要点

基于深基坑地下水渗流的基本原理,结合本工程多层地基和承压水的特性,给出了渗流分析和计算的基本方法和各种参数的选取方法,并对渗流计算结果进行了评价。     

大流量承压水井成井工艺探讨

大流量承压水井从钻进到成井如何做到保证不自流，又能缩短成井时间。     

地下水监测工程承压-自流监测井密封技术

针对地下水监测工程施工中面临的承压-自流监测井密封、监测、取样、洗井等紧迫难题,研发了承压-自流监测井密封技术。该技术是在监测井管口安装一个具有多个功能组件的密封不锈钢盖板来实现自流监测井长期监测的各项需求。本文介绍了承压-自流监测井密封技术原理、系统组成和安装流程及方法。通过山西忻州市地下水监测井现场示范及其他地区50余口井的工程应用,证实该技术可有效解决自流监测井井口密封、水样采集、洗井清淤和维护探头等一系列问题,具有密封效果好、不污染水质、操作便捷和成本低等优点,可实现不同特征自流监测井地下水数据长期自动采集与传输,并可为类似井的封孔工作提供解决思路。     

承压水区地基基础应用浅析

举例说明地质勘探未予探明的地下承压水对工程的危害及损失，浅析承压水区地基基础成功的应用经验，以减少地下承压水对工程建设的危害。     

合肥地区的抗浮设计水位取值分析

文章阐述了合肥地区的气象和水文条件、地下水的埋藏条件,分析区内的地下水和地表水水力联系以及运行规律;根据现有的水文资料。探讨了地下室或地下构筑物的抗浮设计水位的取值。     

东北地区下侏罗统自流井组烃源岩特征研究

通过对四川盆地东北地区下侏罗统自流井组烃源岩分布特征、有机质类型及丰度的研究,并根据自流井组烃源岩的主要地球化学特征,揭示了川东北地区烃源岩性质,初步探讨了该地区烃类的形成条件,预测了进一步勘探的方向。     

r超深地下连续墙槽壁稳定性数值分析

根据土层的物理力学性质、承压水头及护壁泥浆等进行超深地下连续墙槽壁稳定性分析。通过槽壁稳定性解析理论与数值计算对比分析出安全系数,相应提出超深地下连续墙的施工泥浆护壁措施,防止槽壁坍塌。     

未穿透覆盖层的自流井渗流模型与解析解

针对未打穿覆盖层的泉水井抽水引起下卧承压地下水渗流问题建立了数学模型,应用Laplace-Hankel变换及其逆变换求解得到定水头边界条件下承压层水头降的解析解。通过算例分析了承压含水层水头降发展和分布规律以及影响因素,结果表明:阻越流系数对承压含水层的水头降速率和幅度均有明显的影响,阻越流系数越小,承压水头下降的速率和幅度值都越小,且水头降越快达到最大值和稳定流状态;靠近承压含水层顶面水头降最大,随着深度增加而减小,距井越近水头降沿厚度分布越不均匀;承压含水层各向异性对抽水引起的水头降影响较大,K_r/K_v越小承压水头下降的速率和幅度均越大;承压含水层的宽度和厚度均对水头降有很大影响,宽度越大,水头降越明显,而厚度越大,水头降越小。     

对深基础施工中出现流沙和管涌现象的防治

根据多年从事深基础施工的经验,对深基础施工中出现流沙、管涌现象的成因进行了分析,总结了较有实用性的预防流沙、管涌的方法,重点介绍了基础出现管涌、流沙的应急措施,以确保深基础施工的顺利进行。     

A NEW MODEL FOR THE FORMATION OF DOLOMITE IN THE TRIASSIC DOLOMITES,NORTHERN ITALY

The Pale di San Martino and Pale di San Lucano (referred to together as the “Pale”) are remnants of an originally more extensive carbonate platform in the Dolomite Mountains of northern Italy. The platforms are composed of Middle Triassic dolomites and limestones up to 1.6km thick. Limestones comprise 2–3% of the platform carbonates and are restricted to narrow corridors (tens to a few hundred metres wide, hundreds of metres long and high) within the dolomite. The mainly sucrosic dolomites of the Pale are interpreted as the result of recrystallization of a depositional, nearly stoichiometric Mg calcite under burial temperatures of ca. 40–70°C. The principal arguments are:

• The quantitative composition indicates that all platform carbonates are composed mainly of micritic crusts (45%; boundstone fabric prevails) and early cement (35%; microcrystalline, fibrous). The platform carbonates were probably mainly bacterial precipitates and tight at the sediment‐water interface (porosities <5%, permeabilities in the micro‐Darcy range).
• The limestone‐dolomite transitions (centimetres to decimetres wide) lack dolomite gradients. The lack of evidence for flowing fluids causing dolomitization suggests stagnant pore waters.
• The δ¹³C of average dolomite is 1.3‰ heavier than that of coeval limestone (666 analyses). The difference corresponds to a primary difference of 50mol% MgCO₃ and is interpreted as the result of fractionation. It suggests a dolomite precursor of very high Mg calcite, whereas present‐day limestone of the Pale was probably deposited as a basically Mg‐free polymorph (aragonite and/or calcite).
• The dolomite δ¹⁸O (+1 to ?11‰ VPDB) values show a scatter over the platform thickness and preserve randomly distributed values around 0‰. The scatter is probably due to selective re‐setting of δ¹⁸O near pore spaces and is mainly a sampling effect.
• The observation that ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios (77 analyses) of limestone and dolomite are either slightly higher or lower than Middle Triassic seawater, but almost never “normal marine”, suggests that the platform carbonates of the Pale were deposited from seawater contaminated with artesian freshwater. The limestone corridors are probably caused by artesian springs of somewhat higher than ambient depositional temperature, with low Mg calcite and/or aragonite deposited in or near fracture zones. The volumetrically subordinate cycle‐cap dolomite is possibly a primary precipitate.