钢筋混凝土非正常裂缝的产生原因及应对措施

根据钢筋混凝土结构中非正常裂缝的种类，分析了各种裂缝的产生原因，并有针对性地提出了应对措施，以保证建筑物和构件安全和稳定地工作。     

氯气干燥工艺技术的改进

阐述原有氯气干燥工艺存在的问题,配合烧碱产能由100kt/a扩产至140kt/a,充分利用原有氯气冷却净化设备,将原氯气干燥用单台泡沫塔更改成填料—泡罩,填料两塔串联流程,将将干燥剂硫酸改为外循环冷却工艺。使氯气干燥主要工艺指标即氯气中含由原为的500~1000×10-6降低到100×10-6以下。     

汽轮发电机氢气干燥器的发展概况

系统介绍了汽轮发电机氢气干燥技术的几种形式,对近年来氢气干燥技术的发展概况进行了较为详细的分析比较,指出了现有氢气干燥设备存在的弱点与不足,对全自动高效氢气干燥设备的研发方向进行了展望,机械制冷式干燥技术更适合氢冷发电机的氢气冷却去湿。介绍了新近开发的高效环保制冷式氢气干燥器的工作原理、结构、关键技术与运行效果。     

Measurement of Tritiated Moisture in Gas Stream by Collection Method Using P2O5 Desiccant

A measurement method of tritiated moisture in gas stream has been developed by taking advantage of the high hygroscopic and deliquescent performances of phosphorus pentoxide P₂O₅. The method includes two techniques; one is of collecting moisture from gas stream using the desiccant, the other is of preparing homogeneous liquid scintillation cocktails containing the phosphide and the collected moisture. By introducing an idea of common use of standard vials as the collector cells disposable and the scintillation cocktail containers, the treatment process has been simplified and the chances of error arising in process for subsequent tritium analysis have been decreased. From results of a typical experiment, a relationship between the collection efficiencies and the moisture contents of P₂O₅ has been obtained and the isotope effect on the moisture collection has been elucidated. The collecting performance and the isotope effect are discussed here considering the mass transport phenomena in collector cell.     

密封养护混凝土内部湿度与收缩的一体化试验与模拟

对3种强度等级的混凝土进行了密封养护下内部相对湿度和自由变形的试验测定,获得了从混凝土浇注开始到77d龄期混凝土内部湿度和自由变形的发展数据,同时对混凝土因水泥水化引发的自干燥和自收缩问题进行了模拟.结果表明：混凝土内部相对湿度和收缩具有较好的同步性;混凝土内部湿度变化可以看作是其自收缩变化的驱动力;水灰比越小,自干燥引起的混凝土内部相对湿度下降幅度越大,密封条件下混凝土的收缩也越大;以水泥水化度和混凝土内部湿度为内因的自干燥与自收缩模型较好地模拟了密封条件下混凝土内部湿度变化与相应的自收缩发展.试验结果与模型预测值吻合良好,模型可用于不同养护环境下混凝土自干燥与自收缩的分析预测.     

鲜苹果渣不同处理方式的成分变化研究

通过对4种不同处理方式所得干苹果渣组成的测定分析,比较其成分特别是营养成分的变化,为其作为动物喂养饲料,选择更适合的处理方式,提供理论依据。     

金银花环形微波干燥装置的设计与研究

通过对新鲜金银花的微波干燥工艺进行了试验研究。根据工艺试验结果设计了微波干燥设备。该微波灭菌设备由微波发生器、微波干燥箱、排湿系统、控制系统、传动系统、微波漏能抑制机构和机架等组成。对该设备灭菌装置进行了干燥试验,试验结果表明,该装置达到预期设计目标。     

天然植物香精油的开发利用

天然植物香精油产业是一项新兴产业，满足了人们崇尚自然、追求健康的需要，具有很好的经济效益和社会效益。对天然植物香精油从用途、国内外现状、采用技术等几方面进行了阐述，得出了适用于植物香精油的最佳工艺技术和流程，采用了目前较先进的冷冻干燥技术和超临界CO2萃取技术，得到的产品具有萃取效率高、品质好等优点。     

Preservation of biological materials under desiccation

A number of life forms, including seeds, certain nematodes, bacterial and fungal spores, and cysts of certain crustaceans, show an ability to survive desiccation. The present article reviews the literature available on this subject and critically evaluates the evidence for various mechanisms that may be responsible for these phenomena. Specific mechanisms considered include vitrification (glass formation) by sugars and other polyhydroxy compounds that are accumulated by the desiccated structures, specific effects of polyhydroxy compounds on membranes, effect of “compatible solutes” on conformation of key proteins, as well as other biochemical mechanisms.

The article presents potential applications relevant to food technology and to biotechnology and reviews the research required to materialize more effective use of desiccation in food and biopreservation.