Establishment of a color tolerance for yarn-dyed fabrics from different color-depth yarns

Yarn-dyed fabric is often woven from warp and weft yarns in the same color depth to ensure a uniform color appearance. The difference in color depth between warp and weft tends to result in the uneven color of the yarn-dyed fabric. This article aims to establish a color tolerance for yarn-dyed fabric that can be woven with a qualified color appearance but from the warp and weft yarns in different color depths. A total of 27 yarn-dyed fabric samples in three color series (red, yellow, and blue) were evaluated by using the yarn-dyed fabric from warp and weft yarns in the same color depth of 2% (on weight of fabric, owf) as the standard. Visual assessment and instrumental measurement of color were carried out to establish the color tolerance ellipse that was defined as CMC (Color Measurement Committee) color differences (2:1) of no more than 1.00. It was found that the color strengths (K/S) and color differences (ΔE_CMC(2:1)) of these fabric samples for each color series had linear relationships with the color depths of warp and weft yarns. The color tolerance ellipses indicated that, even though the warp and weft yarns had an apparent color difference, they could be woven in fabrics with relatively uniform color appearance and meet the requirements for yarn-dyed fabric. This work provided valuable insight into the production of qualified yarn-dyed fabrics from unqualified dyed yarns.     

高深溜井井筒堵塞的爆破处理实践

溜井是采用平硐-溜井方式开拓矿山的运输咽喉,溜井正常与否对矿山生产影响极大。本文通过黑沟铁矿高深溜井井筒堵塞处理实例,对其堵塞爆破处理方法及经验做了系统分析。重点介绍的爆破冲击波破拱疏通高深溜井井筒高位堵塞的爆破方法,富有新意,可供国内外同类型矿山参考借鉴。     

Influence of pulse-jet cleaning pressure on performance of compact dust collector with pleated filter operated in clean-on-time mode

To operate a bag filter continuously, pulse-jet cleaning of dust particles from the filter medium is commonly required, and the pulse-jet pressure significantly affects the filter performance. In this study, the accumulation structure of residual dust particles inside and on the surface of a filter medium at different pulse-jet pressures was investigated by constructing a simple model, and the influence of the dust structure on the filter performance was clarified. Using a simple model, we determined the effective ratio of filtration area β, which represents the ratio of the filterable area to the total filtration area, the true resistance coefficient due to the primary dust layer ζ_p’ thinly deposited on the filter surface, and the true resistance coefficient inside the filter media itself ζ_f’_. The effective ratio of filtration area β decreased with operation time for all pulse-jet pressures; however, it maintained a high value when the pulse-jet pressure was high. The validity of β analyzed by the model was verified using two different methods, and the results showed good agreement, indicating that the model is effective in identifying real conditions. The true resistance coefficient due to the primary dust layer ζ_p’ decreased as the pulse-jet pressure increased; however, the true resistance coefficient inside the filter media itself ζ_f’ was the highest at 0.5 MPa. In addition, the dust collection efficiency was different at each pulse-jet pressure, which was considered to be caused by the difference in the dust particle accumulation structure.     

Mixing enhancement mechanism of combined H2–Water jets in supersonic crossflows in a combustor with an expanded section

To obtain the mixing enhancement mechanism of H₂–Water combined jets in supersonic crossflows in a combustor with expanded section for rotating detonation ramjet, the flow field shape and spray structure were studied by experimental and numerical methods. The Eulerian–Lagrangian method was used to investigate the diffusion mechanism and H₂–Water interaction law of combined jets with different sequences. At the same time, high-speed photography and the schlieren technique were used to capture the flow field. The effects of jet pressure drop, orifice diameter, orifice spacing, incoming Mach number, and other parameters on the penetration depth of water jets were studied. The results of experiment and simulation show that using H₂–Water combined jets, the penetration depth of the jet spray can be greatly increased and the jet mixing effect can be significantly improved, which will contribute to the engine's ignition and stable combustion. In the case of pre-water/post-H₂, the penetration depth of the hydrogen jet is greater. In the case of pre-H₂/post-water, the hydrogen jet raises the water spray mainly by protecting the integrity of the water column.     

Rectangular Section Control Technology for Silicon Steel Rolling

Rectangular section control technology(RSCT)was introduced to achieve high-precision profile control during silicon steel rolling.The RSCT principle and method were designed,and the whole RSCT control strategy was developed.Specifically,RSCT included roll contour design,rolling technology optimization,and control strategy development,aiming at both hot strip mills(HSMs)and cold strip mills(CSMs).Firstly,through the high-performance variable crown(HVC)work roll optimization design in the upper-stream stands and the limited shifting technology for schedule-free rolling in the downstream stands of HSMs,a hot strip with a stable crown and limited wedge,local spot,and single wave was obtained,which was suitable for cold rolling.Secondly,an approximately rectangular section was obtained by edge varying contact(EVC)work roll contour design,edge-drop setting control,and closed loop control in the upper-stream stands of CSMs.Moreover,complex-mode flatness control was realized by coordinating multiple shape-control methods in the downstream stands of CSMs.In addition,the RSCT approach was applied in several silicon-steel production plants,where an outstanding performance and remarkable economic benefits were observed.     

Corrosion resistance of Al–Cr-slag containing chromium–corundum refractories to slags with different basicity

Al–Cr slag is the solid waste generated by the smelting of Cr metal. It presents a range of environmental hazards. This study addressed the corrosion resistance of Al–Cr slag containing chromium–corundum refractories to slags with different basicity. Herein, we provide suggestions for the use of Cr–corundum of different basicity in kilns. Al–Cr slag, brown fused Al₂O₃, and chrome green were used as the raw materials, with pure calcium aluminate cement being used as a binder. The brick samples, prepared using different blends of chrome green and corundum, were fired at 1600?°C, and subsequently subjected to a slag corrosion test. After corrosion by slag of different basicity, the phase composition and microstructure of the sample were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectrometer and scanning electron microscopy. There were two major findings. First, Cr–corundum brick made from Al–Cr slag has a better slag corrosion resistance than that made from Cr₂O₃ and brown fused Al₂O₃. Second, Cr–corundum brick made from Al–Cr slag has superior corrosion resistance to slag with a CaO:SiO₂ ratio of 2:1.     

丝网气液分离器分离性能和压力损失分析

对丝网气液分离器的分离机理进行了详细分析,在此基础上给出了丝网气液分离器的分离效率和压降计算公式。与HG/T 21618-1998《丝网除沫器》中的公式相比,此公式可以用于任意组合的丝网结构,更具普适性,并且能定量分析各种分离机理对分离的贡献。对丝网式空气过滤器计算的结果表明,此公式具有很好的精度,可以用于工程设计。     

新一代深度张力面板

新一代深度张力面板不仅具有基本的深度、张力采集、处理、显示功能,同时还具有多种报警及通讯功能.其最大的特点是采用了液晶显示屏和触摸屏,使得信息的显示更加丰富、直观和醒目.同时,触摸屏的采用,省去了传统的按钮、开关及键盘操作模式,使操作更加方便简洁、自然.该面板可以单独工作,也可以配备于测井、录井地面系统中使用.     

覆盖层厚度对巷道周围应力分布的影响及巷道间相互作用的仿真

给出了覆盖层厚度对巷道周围应力分布的影响及巷道间相互作用的计算机仿真，用三维有限元法分析了在不同覆盖层厚度下巷道周围的应力分布和两个巷道之间不同距离下的相互作用。数值模拟表明了巷道周围应力分布和应力集中系数随覆盖层厚度增加的变化规律，找到了两巷道之间的距离的临界值，当两巷道间距离大于该临界值时，它们之间的相互作用消失。     

一种软件实现虚拟景深的方法

影视后期制作或图像合成中，动态实时改变显示画面的景深能进一步增强画面的真实感，但由于实时性要求较高，软件实现在处理速度方面容易产生瓶颈。为此，采用预处理的办法，分别对前景和背景进行低通滤波，得到前、背景各自的模拟帧序列，通过调节前景和背景帧序列的位置，模拟确定其各自的变焦程度，然后将前景和背景动态合成具有虚拟景深效果的画面。