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1.
Can Ercan S. Esra Safran Artuğ Türkmenoğlu Uğur Karabakal 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2021,24(1):139-147
Garzan oil field is located at the south east of Turkey. It is a mature oil field and the reservoir is fractured carbonate reservoir. After producing about 1% original oil in place (OOIP) reservoir pressure started to decline. Waterflooding was started in order to support reservoir pressure and also to enhance oil production in 1960. Waterflooding improved the oil recovery but after years of flooding water breakthrough at the production wells was observed. This increased the water/oil ratio at the production wells. In order to enhance oil recovery again different techniques were investigated. Chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods are gaining attention all over the world for oil recovery. Surfactant injection is an effective way for interfacial tension (IFT) reduction and wettability reversal. In this study, 31 different types of chemicals were studied to specify the effects on oil production. This paper presents solubility of surfactants in brine, IFT and contact angle measurements, imbibition tests, and lastly core flooding experiments. Most of the chemicals were incompatible with Garzan formation water, which has high divalent ion concentration. In this case, the usage of 2-propanol as co-surfactant yielded successful results for stability of the selected chemical solutions. The results of the wettability test indicated that both tested cationic and anionic surfactants altered the wettability of the carbonate rock from oil-wet to intermediate-wet. The maximum oil recovery by imbibition test was reached when core was exposed 1-ethly ionic liquid after imbibition in formation water. Also, after core flooding test, it is concluded that considerable amount of oil can be recovered from Garzan reservoir by waterflooding alone if adverse effects of natural fractures could be eliminated. 相似文献
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The influence of the environment on the excited state transitions of meso-tetrakis(p-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (TPPS) is reported. TPPS was investigated in protonated and non-protonated forms, and in the presence of the cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles. The singlet excited-state absorption spectra were measured by using the white-light continuum Z-scan technique and the triplet–triplet absorption spectra were acquired employing an association of laser flash photolysis and Z-scan techniques. Our results show that the perseveration of the molecular symmetry, upon excitation, depends on the state of multiplicity of the molecules, as well as on the environment and structural characteristics of the porphyrin. Additionally, it was observed that for excited molecules, the ring distortion caused by the protonation of porphyrin ring has great influence on the changes observed for the symmetry and vibronic structure. The results clearly show that the porphyrin investigated is a promising candidate for optical limiting applications for all investigated environments. 相似文献
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The World robot summit disaster robotics category – achievements of the 2018 preliminary competition
Satoshi Tadokoro Tetsuya Kimura Masayuki Okugawa Katsuji Oogane Hiroki Igarashi Yoshikazu Ohtsubo 《Advanced Robotics》2019,33(17):854-875
The World Robot Summit is a robot Olympics and aims to be held in a different country every four years from 2020. The concept of the Plant Disaster Prevention challenge is daily inspections, checks, and emergency response in industrial plants, and in this competition, robots must carry out these types of missions in a mock-up plant. The concept of the Tunnel Disaster Response and Recovery challenge is emergency response to tunnel disasters, and is a simulation competition whereby teams compete to show their ability to deal with disasters, by collecting information and removing debris. The Standard Disaster Robotics challenge assesses, in the form of a contest, the standard performance levels of a robot that are necessary for disaster prevention and emergency response. The World Robot Summit Preliminary Competition was held at Tokyo Big Sight in October 2018, and 36 teams participated in the Disaster Robotics Category. UGVs and UAVs contended the merits of new technology for solving complex problems, using core technologies such as mobility, sensing, recognition, performing operations, human interface, autonomous intelligence etc., as well as system integration and implementation of strategies for completing missions, gaining high-level results. 相似文献
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Journal of Computer Science and Technology - New non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies are expected to replace main memory DRAM (dynamic random access memory) in the near future. NAND flash... 相似文献
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流域泥沙灾害与泥沙资源性的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
泥沙灾害与泥沙资源性是流域泥沙的重要属性,二者在一定条件下可以相互转化。本文论述了泥沙淤积、泥沙冲刷、岸滩崩塌、山地崩塌与泥石流、粗沙淤积的土地沙化等泥沙灾害,指出泥沙灾害具有时空分布的不均匀性、渐变性或突发性、群发性、转化性及危害严重性等;流域泥沙资源化的主要途径包括填海造陆及造地、引洪淤灌、堤防淤临淤背、建筑材料、湿地形成(河流、湖泊与河口海岸)等,指出流域泥沙资源化及其优化配置既要解决思想观念、基本理论、目标效益等方面的问题,还要考虑与水资源联合配置问题。 相似文献
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福建省泉州市鲤城区跨江发展后,江南片区内涝问题,已制约江南高科技园区的发展,为解决这一问题,对江南新区内涝成因,进行分析论证,提出治理措施,并对工程实施存在主要问题进行了分析。 相似文献