北部湾盆地福山凹陷CO2气成因探讨

北部湾盆地福山凹陷油气钻探中发现了高含CO₂气的天然气气藏。对CO₂气稳定碳同位素、伴生稀有气体氦和氩同位素进行了分析研究，结果显示，福山凹陷CO₂气稳定碳同位素偏重，(13C_CO2为-5.01～-10.08‰，绝大多数样品大于-7.0‰，为无机成因CO₂气特征；伴生稀有气体氦同位素³He/⁴He值为(4.74~5.03)×10^-6，R/Ra值为3.38～3.59；伴生稀有气体氩同位素⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar值为1881～2190，也显示出幔源或壳幔混合CO₂气的特征。综合判定认为，福山凹陷CO₂为壳幔混合成因。始新统流沙港组岩浆岩体分布特征与CO₂气藏分布范围基本一致，也表明幔源-岩浆可能是福山凹陷CO₂气的主要来源。与南海北部边缘盆地其它地区如珠江口盆地西部、琼东南盆地东部CO₂气成因一致，都为幔源-岩浆来源，或壳幔混合来源。     

北部湾茅尾海副溶血性弧菌的分离鉴定与致病性分析

为解析北部湾海域及水产品中副溶血性弧菌的多样性特征与安全风险,本研究采集了北部湾茅尾海养殖区域海水和水产经济动物样品,利用硫代硫酸盐柠檬酸盐胆盐蔗糖琼脂培养基(TCBS)对所采样品进行海洋弧菌的分离和纯化,共分离获得109株疑似弧菌菌株。通过16S rDNA和特异功能基因toxR的PCR扩增并测序鉴定,共检出副溶血性弧菌20株,检出率为18.3%。此外,通过系统发育分析还发现副溶血性弧菌的toxR和tdh基因序列都存在水平基因转移现象,呈现出较大的多样性。对20个副溶血性弧菌菌株的毒力基因tdh进行分析,结果表明有4株携带了tdh毒力基因,检出率为20%,易引起食物中毒,对公共卫生造成的威胁较大。因此,本研究建议采用PCR技术开展副溶血性弧菌特异种属基因和毒力基因检测,准确评估北部湾区域海水及其水产品的卫生安全性,降低爆发水产养殖业病害和食源性疾病的风险。     

塔里木盆地中上奥陶统油源层地球化学研究

通过对塔里木盆地古生界地层的沉积岩石学、有机地球化学、有机岩石学以及测井地质学等的综合研究,发现在满加尔凹陷南北斜坡带及柯坪露头区发育的中上奥陶统泥灰岩、泥页岩具有有机质丰度高(TOC 0.5%~5.54%)、有机成熟度适中(VRE 0.8%~1.3%)的特点,且具有一定的厚度分布。这套源岩的发育主要受上升洋流引起的高有机生产力带的控制,其生烃母质的构成具有浮游和底栖植物双重性。根据三芳甲藻甾烷和24-降胆甾烷等具有特殊生源和时代意义的生物标志物的油-岩对比分析和生烃史分析结果,证实目前在台盆区发现的工业性油流主要来源于这套地层。     

渤海湾盆地铲形正断层及其次级断层组合成因

渤海湾盆地铲形正断层及其反向分支断层组合可分为５类，它们的形成过程取决于断层形态，控制断层形态的因素包括岩石力学性质，沉积压实，地层压力等非构造因素，正是这些因素时复杂变化造成亚样式多样性和千姿百态的断层分布。     

Evaluating the potential for energy extraction from turbines in the gulf stream system

Increasing energy consumption and decreasing reserves of fossil fuels have led to growing interest in renewable energy from the ocean. Ocean currents are an alternative source of clean energy due to their inherent reliability, persistence and sustainability. General ocean circulations exist in the form of large rotating ocean gyres, and feature extremely rapid current flow in the western boundaries due to the Coriolis effect. The Gulf Stream system is formed by the western boundary current of the North Atlantic Ocean that flows along the east coastline of the United States, and therefore is of particular interest as a potential energy resource for the United States. The theoretical energy balance in the Gulf Stream system is examined using the two-dimensional ocean circulation equations based on the assumptions of the Stommel model for subtropical gyres with the quasi-geostrophic balance between pressure gradient, Coriolis force, wind stress and friction driving the circulation. To represent flow dissipation due to turbines a spatially varying turbine drag coefficient is formulated and a finite difference numerical approach is utilized to obtain an implicit solution of the model. The results show that considering extraction over a region representing the entire Florida Current portion of the Gulf Stream system, the average power dissipated ranges between 4 and 6 GW with a mean around 5.1 GW. This corresponds to an average of approximately 45 TWh/yr. However, if the extraction area approximates the entire portion of the Gulf Stream within 200 miles of the US coastline, the average power dissipated becomes 18.6 GW or 163 TWh/yr. The impact of the localized turbine drag on the hydrodynamics is primarily within the turbine region. The extra drag force from turbines slows down the current velocity and leads to redirection of the Gulf Stream flow. It also results in a sea surface drop in the turbine region. Localized turbine drag significantly reduces residual kinetic energy flux in the circulation. However, its influence on the residual volume flux depends on the area of the turbine region.     

椒江口-台州湾悬浮泥沙分布特征遥感研究

河口港湾淤积是当今沿海港口城市密切关注和急待解决的问题。研究港湾海水悬浮泥沙的分布特征,有助于分析港湾的淤积过程,对淤积的防治与治理也有一定的参考价值。以椒江口-台州湾为研究区,利用时间上同步的遥感数据与海水含沙量实测数据,建立了海水悬浮泥沙浓度遥感处理模型,并参照解译结果分析了研究区不同条件下海水悬浮泥沙的分布特征,为研究区其它课题的研究提供了基础依据。     

Characterization and correlation of crude oils from some wells in the North Western Desert,Egypt

Characterization and correlation of crude oils from some wells in the North Western Desert, based on six crude oil samples, were studied by different analytical techniques, including API gravity, sulfur content, nickel and vanadium, bulk compositions and saturated fraction obtained from gas chromatography have been studied. The results show that the crude oils are normal to medium aromatic oils, with high API gravity and high sulfur content. V, Ni, V/Ni and V/(V + Ni) reflecting oils might be sourced from non-clastic source rocks, possibly carbonates, deposited under anoxic-suboxic conditions. Bulk compositions revealing that the crude oils were derived from marine organic sources. While, the paraffins and naphthenes percent indicates that the oils belong to paraffinic to naphthenic oil types, deposited in slightly anoxic to suboxic conditions and contained marine organic matter. Thermal maturity data showed that the oil samples were generated from mature source rocks. This indicates the studied oil samples are well correlated with each other, where they are similar in their oil type maturation and source depositional environments.     

The impact of killing on mental health symptoms in Gulf War veterans.

This study examined the impact of killing on posttraumatic stress symptomatology (PTSS), depression, and alcohol use among 317 U.S. Gulf War veterans. Participants were obtained via a national registry of Gulf War veterans and were mailed a survey assessing deployment experiences and postdeployment mental health. Overall, 11% of veterans reported killing during their deployment. Those who reported killing were more likely to be younger and male than those who did not kill. After controlling for perceived danger, exposure to death and dying, and witnessing killing of fellow soldiers, killing was a significant predictor of PTSS, frequency and quantity of alcohol use, and problem alcohol use. Military personnel returning from modern deployments are at risk of adverse mental health symptoms related to killing in war. Postdeployment mental health assessment and treatment should address reactions to killing in order to optimize readjustment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Spatial and seasonal variation in the phytoplankton community of Lake Victoria’s Mwanza Gulf,compared to northern parts of the lake

We investigated the phytoplankton species composition and abundance in two seasons in Mwanza Gulf, Lake Victoria (Tanzania). Phytoplankton was sampled and chlorophyll a content was measured in the dry and wet seasons of 2010–2011 at three stations, from the southern land-inward end of the Gulf towards the open lake. Cyanobacteria, mostly small colonial and filamentous species (e.g., Aphanocapsa spp., Planktolyngbya spp., Merismopedia spp.) dominated at each station (76–95 %), followed by Chlorophyta (5–21 %), whereas the contribution of Bacillariophyceae was small (0–6 %). Phytoplankton densities were generally higher in the rainy season and strongly increased going land-inward from the open lake. Low abundance of N-fixing phytoplankton species suggests that N-fixation was low. The chlorophyll a content in the mouth of the Gulf was low (mean values 4–6 µg/L) compared to values reported previously. Also, chlorophyll a values (means 11–14 µg/L) at land-inward stations of Mwanza Gulf were much lower than those in the northern gulfs (Napoleon Gulf, Murchison Bay and Nyanza Gulf). Between 2002 and 2009 the phytoplankton composition of Mwanza Gulf changed from a community mostly dominated by Bacillariophyceae into a community dominated by Cyanobacteria. In the open water of Lake Victoria, Bacillariophyceae and Cyanobacteria were both abundant. Cyanobacteria dominated both in the three northern gulfs and Mwanza Gulf, but all four showed substantial differences in species and genus compositions. Phytoplankton composition and abundance in Mwanza Gulf differs in many respects from the open water of Lake Victoria and its three northern gulfs.     

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文章总结了渤海首次应用定向井反扣井眼钻井工艺技术,实现了在探井ＣＦＤ１８—２—２ＤＳ井的侧钻。该井在２８６８ｍ处开窗侧钻,将ＣＦＤ１８—２—２Ｄ井的水平位移从１４５４ｍ拉回到７１０ｍ,在井斜２７°的情况下,首先降斜至０°,然后再将井眼方位调到１８０°反向增斜进入地质设计的３０ｍ靶区半径内,满足了地质设计要求。该井的主要特点是：深井高钢级Ｐ１１０套管开窗侧钻,可控导向马达反扣井眼轨迹控制,全井计算机软件实施扭矩摩阻的分析,使用ＭＷＤ随钻测量,可控导向马达钻井技术,顶部驱动,ＰＥＭ水基钻井液技术。通过实践,总结和摸索出了一套深井、大位移井眼的反扣井眼轨迹控制技术