SLM printing of cermet powders: Inhomogeneity from atomic scale to microstructure

It is very challenging for 3D printing based on the selective laser melting (SLM) technology to obtain cermet bulk materials with high density and homogeneous microstructures. In this work, the SLM process of the cermet powders was studied by both simulations and experiments using the WC-Co cemented carbides as an example. The results indicated that the evolution of the ceramic and metallic phases in the cermet particle during the heating, melting and solidification processes were all significantly inhomogeneous from atomic scale to mesoscale microstructures. As a consequence, the microstructural defects were caused intrinsically in the printed bulk material. The formation and growth of the bonding necks between the particles were mainly completed at the later stage of laser heating and the early stage of solidification. Both simulations and experiments demonstrated that thin amorphous layers formed at the ceramics/metal interfaces. This work disclosed the mechanisms for the evolution from the atomic scale to microstructure during the SLM printing of cermet powders, and discovered the origin of the defects in the printed cermet bulk materials.     

Role of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Head and Neck Tumorigenesis

The cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a potent enzyme that converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandins (PG), including PGE2, a key mediator of inflammation and angiogenesis. Importantly, COX-2 is activated in response to inflammatory stimuli, where it is also believed to promote the development and progression of head and neck cancers (HNC). COX-2 can mediate its protumorigenic effect through various mechanisms, such as inducing cell proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, and suppressing the host’s immune response. Furthermore, COX-2 can induce the production of vascular endothelial growth factors, hence, promoting angiogenesis. Indeed, the ability of COX-2 inhibitors to selectively restrict the proliferation of tumor cells and mediating apoptosis provides promising therapeutic targets for cancer patients. Thus, in this comprehensive review, we summarized the reported differential expression patterns of COX-2 in different stages of head and neck carcinogenesis—from potentially premalignant lesions to invasive carcinomas. Furthermore, we examined the available meta-analysis evidence for COX-2 role in the carcinogenesis of HNC. Finally, further understanding of the biological processes of COX-2 and its role in orchestrating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis may give therapeutically beneficial insight to develop the management plan of HNC patients and improve their clinical outcomes.     

基于ANSYS有限元分析深水墩施工技术研究

介绍了丹江口二桥深水墩基础施工平台的设计，重点介绍利用ANSYS通用有限元程序对施工平台的施工过模拟分析，以及对分析结果的总结。     

曹娥江大闸闸墩混凝土高温季节温控措施

曹娥江大闸是国内最大的河口大闸,其中闸墩施工在夏季高温季节进行.较全面地阐述了混凝土原材料取料温度值的选取及控制措施,已浇筑混凝土内外温差及降温速率的控制措施等.根据闸墩的结构及边界条件,为了控制温度应力防止裂缝的产生,在施工过程中采取了骨料预冷、冷水拌和、掺冰屑拌和、仓面遮阳、内部通冷却水及外侧保温等综合温控措施,确保了闸墩混凝土的施工质量.     

水下封底混凝土与钢护筒粘结力试验

针对吊箱围堰施工中，混凝土与钢板间的粘结力无详实数据的现象，介绍了确定数据的实验模型、实验步骤，并分析了实验结果，以方便施工，指导施工。     

紧贴保护体钢筋砼老闸墩控爆拆除

介绍了特大体积闸墩爆破拆除时爆破参数的选取和实施方法。新老闸墩一端仅隔4cm，利用钻孔爆破法拆除老闸墩取得了快速，经济，安全的爆破效果。     

济钢小板坯连铸机φ360mm拉辊优化改造

为解决小板坯连铸机φ360mm拉辊断颈、断辊问题，对拉辊原设计及现场使用条件进行了分析，将材质由55^#锻钢改为35CrNiMo，辊身与辊颈处改为圆锥台式，同时加大辊颈处过渡圆弧并磨削处理，延长水冷孔通过辊颈圆弧，从而使拉辊寿命由3～4个月延长到10～12个月，减少了事故损失，加快了生产节奏，年直接经济效益达49万元。     

桥梁板式橡胶支座局部脱空设计成因分析

经过对支座转角组合进行的分析,在研究柔性高墩墩顶转角位移计算方法的基础上,提出了更加严密的支座转角验算修正公式,得出修正后的转角验算公式易于应用的结论,对于保证板式橡胶支座在使用过程中不脱空有重要的意义。     

Prediction of scouring around an arch-shaped bed sill using Neuro-Fuzzy model

In this study, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) has been used to model local scouring depth and pattern scouring around concave and convex arch shaped circular bed sills. The experimental part of this research study includes seven sets of laboratory test cases which were performed in an experimental flume under different flow conditions. A data set consists of 2754 data points of scouring depth were collected to use in the ANFIS model. The ratio of arch diameter, D, to flume width, W, is used as a non dimensional variables in all test cases. The results from ANFIS model were compared with the results of ANN model obtained by Homayoon et al. [24] and previously presented models. The results indicated that for D/W equal to 1 and 1.2, the ANFIS models produced a good performance for convex and concave bed sills. As a result, the ANFIS models can be used as an alternative to ANN for estimation of scour depth and scour pattern around a concave bed sill installed with a bridge pier.     

Sensitivity to Cisplatin in Head and Neck Cancer Cells Is Significantly Affected by Patient-Derived Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the most abundant and critical components of the tumor stroma. CAFs can impact many important steps of cancerogenesis and may also influence treatment resistance. Some of these effects need the direct contact of CAFs and cancer cells, while some involve paracrine signals. In this study, we investigated the ability of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) patient-derived CAFs to promote or inhibit the colony-forming ability of HNSCC cells. The effect of cisplatin on this promoting or inhibiting influence was also studied. The subsequent analysis focused on changes in the expression of genes associated with cancer progression. We found that cisplatin response in model HNSCC cancer cells was modified by coculture with CAFs, was CAF-specific, and different patient-derived CAFs had a different “sensitizing ratio”. Increased expression of VEGFA, PGE2S, COX2, EGFR, and NANOG in cancer cells was characteristic for the increase of resistance. On the other hand, CCL2 expression was associated with sensitizing effect. Significantly higher amounts of cisplatin were found in CAFs derived from patients who subsequently experienced a recurrence. In conclusion, our results showed that CAFs could promote and/or inhibit colony-forming capability and cisplatin resistance in HNSCC cells via paracrine effects and subsequent changes in gene expression of cancer-associated genes in cancer cells.