城市生活垃圾能源利用探讨

报道了城市有机废弃物转化为能源的几种途径。在管式反应器内甘蔗渣裂解气化制煤气以及在高压釜内湿式裂解气化制煤气液体产品，可得到中值煤气。也研究了甘蔗渣二步法糖化和糖发酵，当ＰＨ为３．６，酵母浓度为１．３３％，乙醇产率可达理论值的６４．８６％。     

Municipal solid waste conversion to energy

In recent years it has been recognised by an increasing number of nations that there is considerable energy potential within MSW. As a result many countries have established R,D& D programmes to examine methods of exploiting this potential. The IEA's MSW Conversion Activity was set up in 1986 to provide an infrastructure for sharing information and co-ordinating work in this area internationally. This Activity was extended in 1989 and currently a total of 9 nations participate in it.

To cope with the wide scope of the area (encompassing both biological and thermal processing of MSW) the Activity was divided into three subgroups or Expert Working Groups (EWGs). Each of these dealt with a distinct area of expertise:

1. •Downstream effects of source separation and screening of MSW

2. •Sampling and analytical protocols

3. •Landfill gas

In addition to these groups a central secretariat based at Harwell (UK) has provided guidance, established and administered databases of contacts and produced a series of national reports.

This paper describes the achievements of the Activity and discusses work proposed for the future.     

垃圾焚烧发电厂烟气处理系统设计研究

文中结合垃圾焚烧发电厂烟气处理设计,介绍了干法烟气净化系统设计的主要技术要点及其效果,为垃圾焚烧发电厂烟气净化处理提供了设计的方向.     

垃圾焚烧管式布风流化床的冷态实验

在床截面为300mm×300mm、床高为4. 4m的管式布风流化床实验台上,分别对宽筛分下不同颗粒粒度、不同床层高度、不同截面流速、布风的均匀性以及非平衡布风时颗粒流化特性进行实验研究,为未来垃圾衍生燃料的流化燃烧实验提供基础数据。管式布风流化床的开孔方向与夹角大小对床层压降变化影响明显,向下开孔角度越小,动能消耗越大,但床层稳定性能好。随着料层高度增加,各布风管间的布风更趋于平衡,流化的稳定与均匀性能也越好。管组压降失衡时,床层压降不平衡明显增加,波动幅度增大,不稳定性明显高于正常流化状态。     

煤与垃圾衍生燃料的流化床混烧试验研究

使用鼓泡流化床燃烧炉进行了煤与垃圾衍生燃料(RDF)的混烧实验研究,分析了燃烧尾气中O2、CO、CO2、H2O、NOx、CH4、SO2、HCl、HCN浓度的变化,并对各成分之间的浓度进行了相关性分析。研究结果表明在750~900℃的范围内,高温利于SO2的脱除;NO的浓度随床温的提高而增加,NO2的浓度与床温的关系不大;HCl的浓度随床温的升高而增加,说明高温不利于HCl的脱除;在空气量较低的情况下,CO、CH4、N2O、HCN等气体的浓度较高,相关分析表明,这些气体浓度之间有较强的正相关关系,说明这些气体适宜于还原气氛下生成;随着HCl气体浓度的增加,SO2浓度降低,说明HCl的存在可促进石灰石脱除SO2的反应,同时还证实煤与RDF混烧可使尾气中的SO2和HCl气体浓度均有所下降。     

良庄煤矿发展煤炭加工与综合利用的有效途径

良庄煤矿在发展煤炭加工与综合利用方面探索了一些有效途径 ,在洗选加工方面采用重介选煤工艺代替跳汰选 ,运行效果良好 ,利用浮选精煤制备水煤浆及燃煤锅炉改烧水煤浆、压滤煤泥发电及矸石制砖等方面均有显著的经济和环保效益     

用Fenton试剂-矿化垃圾生物反应器联合处理离子交换树脂再生废水

研究了Fenton试剂-矿化垃圾生物反应器联合处理离子交换树脂再生废水.研究结果表明：当原水CODCr为413 mg/L和过氧化氢投加量为24 mL/L（废水）时,经Fenton试剂预处理后,再经矿化垃圾生物反应器后续生化处理（运行周期为4 h,1 h进水,3 h落干,进水流量为600 mL/h）,出水CODCr降至85 mg/L左右,达到国家排放标准.     

湖北省城镇垃圾处理政策研究

在对垃圾处理现状进行系统的调查研究的基础上,作者提出了湖北省城镇垃圾处理的合理改革与相应措施．     

煅烧煤矸石的火山灰活性

经ＸＲＤ证实永城煤矸石是砂质泥岩。其主要粘土矿物是高岭石，但加热相变有别于纯净的高岭石。当煅烧温度９００℃，活性来自偏高岭石的生成。当煅烧温度约１１００℃，生成相当数量的莫来石的同时存在较多的玻璃体，以致也具有良好的活性。     

Low Temperature Dechlorination of Densified Refuse Derived Fuel in Pyrolysis

Study on behavior of chlorine contained in oval-shaped densified refuse derived fuel (d-RDF) prepared from municipal solid waste in pyrolysis was carried out by means of temperature-programmed electrical furnace, and the gas evolving from pyrolysis was investigated by FFIR. De-HC1 rate was calculated by determining the emission fraction of HC1 in the flue gas and the fraction of C1 left in the pyrolysis residue. The results show that C1 in the d-RDF releases primarily in the form of HC1 during the pyrolysis, and the initial releasing temperature of HC1 enhances with the increase of heating rate. Meanwhile, the higher the end temperature of pyrolysis, the more the C1 released. De-HCl rate is about 70% when the end temperature of pyrolysis is around 600℃. Besides, mechanism of C1 release is discussed.