夏热冬暖地区住宅平面设计与空调能耗关系分析

夏季住宅空调能耗已成为目前广州地区电力过荷的一个主要原因，而目前建筑师对住宅设计中的空调能耗因素并未有深入的考虑。本文就广州地区中高层住宅标准层平面设计中的朝向、形状、大小及层高与空调能耗关系进行了相关的分析，适用于夏热冬暖地区。     

A multi-objective programming model for scheduling emergency medicine residents

Scheduling emergency medicine residents (EMRs) is a complex task, which considers a large number of rules (often conflicting) related to various aspects such as limits on the number of consecutive work hours, number of day and night shifts that should be worked by each resident, resident staffing requirements according to seniority levels for the day and night shifts, restrictions on the number of consecutive day and night shifts assigned, vacation periods, weekend off requests, and fair distribution of responsibilities among the residents. Emergency rooms (ERs) are stressful workplaces, and in addition shift work is well-known to be more demanding than regular daytime work. For this reason, preparing schedules that suit the working rules for EMRs is especially important for reducing the negative impact on shift workers physiologically, psychologically, and socially. In this paper, we present a goal programming (GP) model that accommodates both hard and soft constraints for a monthly planning horizon. The hard constraints should be adhered to strictly, whereas the soft constraints can be violated when necessary. The relative importance values of the soft constraints have been computed by the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), which are used as coefficients of the deviations from the soft constraints in the objective function. The model has been tested in the ER of a major local university hospital. The main conclusions of the study are that problems of realistic size can be solved quickly and the generated schedules have very high qualities compared to the manually prepared schedules, which require a lot of effort and time from the chief resident who is responsible for this duty.     

辽宁省城镇居民生活用水定额

本文分析了城镇居民生活用水的特点,介绍了辽宁省城镇居民生活用水定额制定的原则、方法。通过对全省县级以上城镇居民生活用水情况的调查,制定适合辽宁省实际情况的城镇居民生活用水定额。     

我国水库移民工作经验分析与对策探讨

水库移民是一项对水利水电事业发展极为重要的复杂工程。文章阐述了工程移民安置的几点经验和教训,对移民过程中出现的问题进行分析并提出具体的解决方案。     

重油催化裂化沉降器结焦原因分析

分析了重油催化裂化沉降器结焦的原因，认为反应油气中含有催化剂颗粒以及油气中重组分的冷凝是沉降器结焦的物理原因，而重芳烃、胶质、沥青质的高温缩合则是沉降器结焦的化学因素。因此，防止沉降器结焦的关键是抑制油气重组分的冷凝和减少油气在沉降器内的停留时间。     

住宅区室外环境的人情味探索

本文从现代生活对居住环境的要求出发,指出目前我国城市住宅区空间环境规划设计中普遍存在的过于理性化、简单化、标准化的构成模式的不合理性。呼吁建筑师、规划师们应广泛根植于人民,关怀每日所居住的生活环境,了解当地居民的心理机制、行为需求、情感意志、文化趣味等,并以此作为唯一依据,从宏观控制入手,根据住宅区的时空特性进行规划设计,进而创造出能真正适合于当地居住对象所需要的、富有人情味的居住环境,以确保其生活品质。     

基于结构方程模型的征地对移民福利影响分析

为了解工程征地对农村移民福利的影响,采用结构方程模型,对南水北调丹江口水库移民进行了实证分析,结果表明:搬迁前后土地面积变化、土地质量变化尤其是补偿标准高低这3方面的征地状况对水库移民福利具有比较显著的影响,其中前者为负向影响,后两者为正向影响;水库移民福利与发展机遇、经济收支、社会适应、居住条件、社会保障的关系显著。因此,水库移民安置应合理提高征地补偿标准,大力实施精准帮持改善移民的发展机遇与经济收支等状况,以确保移民福利改进与获得感增强。     

促进三峡库区和谐稳定发展评价方法研究

三峡库区已完成了百万移民的搬迁安置,进入了移民安稳致富的新阶段,库区社会和谐稳定对促进库区经济社会健康发展和实现全面建成小康社会的目标具有重要作用。本研究重点关注和谐库区建设思路及评价指标体系构建:一方面,从理论层面,重点论述与库区和谐社会相关的理论认识成果;另一方面,从实际管理运用层面,构建了库区和谐评价指标体系,可为移民动态管理提供有力的技术支撑。     

基于高级Petri网的住院医师培训工作流建模与分析

为了实现住院医师培训系统协调并发运行、工作流程顺畅无误运转,提出一种基于着色高级Petri网与跨组织Petri网技术相结合的综合建模方法.针对跨组织模型结构,通过分级验证法验证模型性能,即采用不变量验证法验证组织内活性,采用归约可达图法验证组织间关联关系的可达性.利用不变量法和归约可达图验证法可确保组织内部和组织间无死锁,采用着色跨组织方法构建的模型适应于住院医师培训系统多角色和并发性的特点,提高了系统的实用性和高效性.