The determination of phosphate availability for some less conventional phosphate fertilisers

More than in the case of the other major fertiliser elements the performance of phosphorus in fertilisers in dependent on the state of chemical combination of the element. As distinct from typical American practice where fully acidulated fertilisers are emphasised, some other countries have moved in part to production of materials of less than full acidulation where some reliance is placed on the reactivity of the original phosphate rock. Solutions of various aliphatic acids and their salts have been used as tests for the availability of phosphorus in fully acidulated fertilisers and, to a degree, for phosphate rocks themselves. Less than fully acidulated products are at present assessed in the same way as fully acidulated materials, but in this and other evaluations problems and anomalies arise which are discussed within the framework of a number of fertiliser systems. Analytical data are adduced which illustrate the effects of some extraneous cations on the results achieved which conflict with some previous opinions. Research towards a fuller understanding of the subject is suggested.     

广义极限平衡理论在地基与边坡稳定分析中的应用

本文提出了复杂介质广义极限平衡理论，并应用于分析各种复杂地基的极限承载力，各种复杂边坡的稳定安全条件，同时定量地研究了各向异性等因素对地基、边坡稳定性的影响。     

厚煤层不同开采方法覆岩破坏规律研究

在对不同开采方法覆岩破坏高度实测资料分析对比的基础上,研究了冒落岩层高度及碎胀性与覆岩破坏高度的关系,探讨了开采方法对覆岩破坏高度的影响,其结论对于覆岩破坏理论研究及水体下采煤实践具有促进与指导意义.     

Assessment of the relative agronomic effectiveness of phosphate rocks under glasshouse conditions

Six phosphate rocks (PRs) of varying reactivities were compared with monocalcium phosphate (MCP) in a glasshouse experiment growing perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne cv. Nui) as the test plant on four soils of contrasting P sorption capacity and exchangeable Ca. The cumulative dry matter yield over 10 harvests showed a significant response to P application in all soils. Based on relative yield and P uptake, MCP was the most effective P fertilizer followed by the reactive phosphate rocks, which were superior to the unreactive rocks in all soils. The relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) and substitution ratio (SR) of individual PR fertilizers, calculated with respect to MCP using the methods of vertical and horizontal comparison, respectively, were similar over a range of fertilizer rate. There was a decline or slight increase in the performance of PRs with time in the low P sorption soils but a consistent increase in the high P sorption soils. Some initial influence of exchangeable Ca content of the soils on the relative performance of PRs was also observed. Generally the PRs performed better in high P sorption soils than low P sorption soils and in low exchangeable Ca soils than high exchangeable Ca soils.     

克拉玛依油田石炭系火山岩区断层封闭性研究

为填补克拉玛依油田火山岩断裂封闭机理及定量评价研究的空白,在解剖典型火山岩油藏的基础上,应用综合因子法,综合考虑断面正压力(σ)、断裂带泥质充填物含量(Rm)、断层紧闭指数(I),结合了流体指数F对克拉玛依地区4条主要断层的封闭性进行评价,结果表明,综合因子Q与断裂封闭性有正相关关系,克拉玛依地区由东南向西北,断裂级别依次减小,断层封闭性逐渐变差。综合因子法的评价结果与实际地质情况较相符,可作为火山岩区断层封闭性的评价方法进行推广。     

辽西建平地区太古宙建平群小塔子沟组变质岩地质特征

辽西地区太古宙变质杂岩在建平一带分布最广泛,特征最明显,代表性最强,是一套片麻岩夹磁铁石英岩的变质岩系。经岩石学、地球化学研究表明,原来建立的建平群小塔子沟组变质岩,是由变质表壳岩和变质深成岩组成,以变质深成岩为主,变质表壳岩以包体形式漂浮与变质深成岩之中。变质表壳岩的斜长角闪岩、基性麻粒岩和超铁镁质岩为基性一超基性火山岩,磁铁石英岩成因与基性火山岩和基性火山沉积岩有亲缘关系。叶柏寿片麻岩和斜长片麻岩、二长片麻岩为侵入形成的闪长岩、英云闪长岩和二长花岗岩。     

盆地模拟技术在洪泽凹陷的应用

洪泽凹陷位于苏北盆地西北部,有一定勘探前景.通过盆地模拟研究认为洪泽凹陷的石油地质条件有其自身特点:a)生油岩成熟度低,现今成熟区仅限于深凹带附近;b)正常生烃模型计算的大量生排烃期较晚,在盐二段沉积末期以后,低未成熟油的大量生排烃期较早,一般在吴堡运动,三垛运动前;c)油源主要来自于低未熟油,且生排烃区集中于次凹的深凹带;d)油气运移距离短.洪泽凹陷油气生成、运移有资源少、生成早、成熟低、运聚短的特点.在洪泽凹陷找油气更需精雕细刻.     

宁夏海原县南、西华山地区与中酸性侵人岩有关的Au Cu成矿系列

论述了宁夏海原县南、西华山地区中酸性侵入岩及其派生脉岩的特征岩浆岩的演化、金铜矿化的类型,并以岩浆演化为纲,建立了本区与中酸性侵入岩有关的、成矿系列。     

济阳坳陷奥陶系烃源岩生物标志物地球化学特征

利用生物标志物分析技术,结合其他地球化学资料探讨了济阳坳陷不同地区奥陶系烃源岩有机质的生物来源、成熟度和沉积环境。结果表明,早古生代藻类浮游植物的大量繁盛和细菌微生物强烈活动的产物是济阳坳陷奥陶系烃源岩有机．质生物来源构成的物质基础。烃源岩有机质丰度较低,有机质类型以Ⅰ型干酪根为主。烃源岩抽提物中Pr／Ph值均小于1,表明沉积环境较还原。等效镜质组反射率及芳烃成熟度参数显示济阳坳陷奥陶系烃源岩大多达到高成熟阶段。部分达到成熟、过成熟阶段。     

地下洞室超欠挖问题非线性有限元分析

运用数值分析的方法,采用ANSYS10.0版有限元分析程序对洞室超欠挖进行三维模拟计算,分析了不同超挖位置、超挖深度、超挖数量等对洞室围岩稳定性的影响,得出了超欠挖部位应力集中数值解及塑性区产生的影响范围,为地下工程掘进施工和初期支护设计提供重要的参考依据。