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《Food Control》2015
This study aims to assess the degree of HACCP implementation in small business butcher shops and understand which factors most influence butchers' intention to fully implement it, through the application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour. One hundred and one butchers managing or owning small butcher's responded to the interview regarding their Attitudes, Subjective Norm, Perceived Behavioural Control, Personal Norm, and Knowledge with regard to their Intention to fully implement a HACCP system in their shops. Before the interviews, a certified veterinarian visited all the shops. Visits included an inspection of the establishments using the Official Portuguese Control Plan checklist for meat retailers. Conformance level measured past performance regarding food safety practices. Based on past performance, butchers were divided into “high performers” and “low performers”. “High performers” yielded high values of Attitude and Intention towards the Behaviour. For these, Attitude and Personal Norm emerge as predictors of the Intention to fully implement a HACCP system. For “low performers”, Personal Norm was the strongest predictor of Intention, with results pointing to the need for an intervention from the authorities to promote increased conformance to food safety practices. For both groups, neither Social Norm nor Perceived Behavioural Control acted as significant predictors of Intention. 相似文献
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D. J. Walmsley 《Urban Policy and Research》2013,31(4):509-523
Examination of the changing composition of shopping centres in suburban Sydney between 1969 and 1998 suggests that retail restructuring is linked to lifestyle changes. The growth in the number of shops appears to have matched population growth in the 1990s, suggesting that the suburbanisation of retailing has stabilised. At the same time there has been increasing diversification in terms of the retail functions which are available and in terms of the places where these are available. These changes appear linked to a blurring of the distinction between shopping and leisure and to the use of shopping as a way of signifying identity. 相似文献
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Harald Hruschka 《OR Spectrum》2007,29(4):579-595
Clusterwise pricing is characterized by prices of each brand of a category being equal in stores belonging to the same cluster.
Expected sales necessary to compute profits are estimated using coefficients of a multilayer perceptron which performs better
than several parametric models. Store-specific coefficients of sales response models are estimated by a MCMC method. Both
assignment of stores to clusters and prices of each cluster are determined by means of improving hit-and-run, a stochastic
optimization method. The objective function to be optimized includes both profits and adherence to the usual price level at
individual stores. Based on empirical data on sales, prices and marginal costs of a retail chain it is demonstrated that for
a moderate level of risk aversion clusterwise pricing leads to higher expected utility than micromarketing pricing with different
prices of each brand across individual stores. Clusterwise pricing attains a high percentage of the profits generated by micromarketing
pricing and entails lower menu costs than micromarketing pricing.
H. Hruschka thanks two anonymous reviewers for their interest and their detailed helpful comments. 相似文献
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Evidence of spatial competition and prices in the Australian grocery retail industry is presented from case studies in Sydney and Adelaide. The evidence is considered against the backdrop of the National Competition Policy Report (Hilmer Report) and deregulation of retail trading hours. It appears that in an industry as concentrated as the Australian grocery retail sector, the applicability of Hilmer Report principles may be fundamentally flawed. 相似文献
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V.L. Miguéis Ana Camanho João Falcão e Cunha 《Expert systems with applications》2013,40(16):6225-6232
The profit resulting from customer relationship is essential to ensure companies viability, so an improvement in customer retention is crucial for competitiveness. As such, companies have recognized the importance of customer centered strategies and consequently customer relationship management (CRM) is often at the core of their strategic plans. In this context, a priori knowledge about the risk of a given customer to mitigate or even end the relationship with the provider is valuable information that allows companies to take preventive measures to avoid defection. This paper proposes a model to predict partial defection, using two classification techniques: Logistic regression and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS). The main objective is to compare the performance of MARS with Logistic regression in modeling customer attrition. This paper considers the general form of Logistic regression and Logistic regression combined with a wrapper feature selection approach, such as stepwise approach. The empirical results showed that MARS performs better than Logistic regression when variable selection procedures are not used. However, MARS loses its superiority when Logistic regression is conducted with stepwise feature selection. 相似文献
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Paul Mees 《Urban Policy and Research》2013,31(1):22-30
In most North American cities, the Central Business District has declined as a retail centre, from a historical position of absolute dominance. In many US metropolitan areas, the CBD is no longer the largest single retail centre; in most others, it is merely primus inter pares. It is generally assumed that a similar process has been at work in Melbourne and other Australian cities, as suburban sprawl and the rise of the motor car have reduced the relative accessibility of the centre. This proposition is evaluated by analysing historical and statistical sources of information about the distribution of the retail trade in Melbourne. The evidence appears to be that Melbourne's CBD was relatively weak at the turn of the century, but steadily increased in importance, eclipsing suburban rivals, until World War II or shortly afterwards. Since that time, there has been a relative decline, but Melbourne's CBD retains a greater significance in the metropolitan retail trade than is the case in other Australian and North American cities. 相似文献
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The impact of false-negative reads on the performance of RFID-based shelf inventory control policies
Christian Metzger Frédéric Thiesse Stanley Gershwin Elgar Fleisch 《Computers & Operations Research》2013
Effective retail in-store logistics are paramount to provide high product availability at minimal operating costs. Despite various efforts by retailers to lower out-of-stock rates on retail shelves, product availability remains insufficient thereby significantly degrading a store's performance. Currently, retailers consider the introduction of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) to improve the efficiency of replenishment processes in stores. However, the possibilities of RFID are ultimately limited by the physical characteristics of RF communications. Tag detuning and the absorption of radio waves by the tag's environment may lead to so-called ‘false-negative' reads, i.e., RFID tags in range being undetected by the reader device. Retailers ignoring the impact of false-negatives on the performance of RFID-based inventory control systems run the risk of overestimating the benefits to be expected from RFID. We develop an inventory control policy based on shelf stock information generated by RFID, which specifically accounts for inaccuracies associated with false-negative reads. The mathematical model is optimized for operating costs and compared to a basic periodic review strategy in a numerical study. The results indicate that the impact of false-negatives on cost remains modest for medium to high read rates. However, the system performance is sensitive to a number of exogenous parameters that must be considered when evaluating the practical use of RFID. 相似文献
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This paper considers the role of historic architecture in the creation of distinctiveness in urban shopping destinations as part of a move towards a more experiential focus by urban management initiatives. Utilising the concept of the servicescape, the paper suggests that distinctiveness may not be apparent at ground floor level, given the consistency of retail fascia design to reflect the chosen brand image and the rigidity with which centralised directives regarding window displays etc. are implemented. However, above ground level the real distinctiveness of the built environment dimension of the servicescape becomes apparent, and may contribute to differential advantage in an increasingly competitive retail environment. 相似文献
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